''Crocidosema'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...
of
tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea, although the gen ...
s (
family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...
Tortricidae) belonging to the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...
Eucosmini
The Eucosmini are a tribe of tortrix moths.
Genera
Unplaced species
*'' "Acroclita" macroma'' Turner, 1918
*'' "Eucosma" atelosticta'' Meyrick, 1925
*'' "Eucosma" cathareutis'' Meyrick, 1938
*'' "Eucosma" chloromima'' Meyrick, 1931
*'' "Eucosm ...
of
subfamily Olethreutinae
Olethreutinae is a subfamily of moths in the family Tortricidae.
Genera ''incertae sedis''
This tortricine genus has not been assigned to a tribe yet:
:''Melanalopha
''Melanalopha'' is a genus of moths belonging to the subfamily Olethreutinae ...
. They are found mostly in the
Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the
Neotropics
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In bi ...
. But some occur elsewhere, such as on the
Hawaiian Islands
The Hawaiian Islands ( haw, Nā Mokupuni o Hawai‘i) are an archipelago of eight major islands, several atolls, and numerous smaller islets in the North Pacific Ocean, extending some from the island of Hawaii in the south to northernmost ...
.
[Baixeras ''et al.'' (2010ab)]
At least some of them can be recognized by their wing veins. In the hindwings, vein 3 and 4 originate from a common stalk, and are approached by the fifth vein at its end. In the forewings, veins 4-6 converge at the termen.
These moths are mostly small and inconspicuous. But ''
C. plebejana'' is an occasional
pest
Pest or The Pest may refer to:
Science and medicine
* Pest (organism), an animal or plant deemed to be detrimental to humans or human concerns
** Weed, a plant considered undesirable
* Infectious disease, an illness resulting from an infection
** ...
of
cotton
Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus '' Gossypium'' in the mallow family Malvaceae. The fiber is almost pure cellulose, and can contain minor p ...
(and some other mostly
malvaceous plants) and has become widely distributed by trade in agricultural produce, while the
lantana flower-cluster moth
''Crocidosema lantana'', the lantana flower-cluster moth or lantana tortricid moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It was first described by August Busck in 1910. It is native to Mexico and the southern United States, but was introduced to ...
(''C. lantana'') is employed in ''
Lantana
''Lantana'' () is a genus of about 150 species of perennial flowering plants in the verbena family, Verbenaceae. They are native to tropical regions of the Americas and Africa but exist as an introduced species in numerous areas, especially ...
''
biocontrol
Biological control or biocontrol is a method of controlling pests, such as insects, mites, weeds, and plant diseases, using other organisms. It relies on predation, parasitism, herbivory, or other natural mechanisms, but typically also i ...
and has been deliberately introduced to some locations.
Species
As of 2010, the 29 described
species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...
of ''Crocidosema'' are:
[Baixeras ''et al.'' (2010b)]
* ''
Crocidosema accessa
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Heinrich, 1931)
* ''
Crocidosema apicinota
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Turner, 1946)
* ''
Crocidosema aporema
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Walsingham, 1914)
* ''
Crocidosema callida
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema calvifrons
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Walsingham, 1891)
* ''
Crocidosema cecidogena
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Kieffer, 1908)
* ''
Crocidosema compsoptila
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
Meyrick, 1936
* ''
Crocidosema cosmoptila
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema evidens
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Meyrick, 1917)
* ''
Crocidosema impendens
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths ( family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur els ...
''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema insulana''
Aurivillius, 1922
* ''
Crocidosema lantana''
Busck, 1910 – lantana flower-cluster moth, lantana tortricid moth
* ''
Crocidosema leprarum''
Walsingham in Sharp, 1907
* ''
Crocidosema leptozona''
(Meyrick, 1921)
* ''
Crocidosema longipalpana''
(Moschler, 1891)
* ''
Crocidosema nitsugai''
Vargas, 2019 [[Vargas HA (2019) A new species of Crocidosema Zeller (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) from the Andes of northern Chile. Nota Lepidopterologica 42(2): 129-136. https://doi.org/10.3897/nl.42.38341 https://nl.pensoft.net/article/38341/]]
* ''Crocidosema marcidellum''
Walsingham in Sharp, 1907
* ''Crocidosema meridospila''
(Meyrick, 1922)
* ''Crocidosema orfilai''
Pastrana, 1964
* ''
Crocidosema perplexana
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Fernald, 1901)
* ''
Crocidosema plebejana
''Crocidosema plebejana'', the cotton tipworm, is a tortrix moth (family Tortricidae), belonging to tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. It is found today all over the subtropical and tropical regions of the world and even occurs on many ...
''
Zeller, 1847
* ''
Crocidosema pollutana
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Zeller, 1877)
* ''
Crocidosema pristinana
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Zeller, 1877)
* ''
Crocidosema pyrrhulana
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths ( family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur els ...
''
(Zeller, 1877)
* ''
Crocidosema roraria''
Meyrick, 1917
* ''
Crocidosema sediliata''
(Meyrick, 1912)
* ''
Crocidosema thematica''
(Meyrick, 1918)
* ''
Crocidosema unica
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewh ...
''
(Heinrich, 1923)
* ''
Crocidosema venata
''Crocidosema'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae) belonging to the tribe Eucosmini of subfamily Olethreutinae. They are found mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, being especially common in the Neotropics. But some occur elsewhe ...
''
Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2006
* ''
Crocidosema veternana''
(Zeller, 1877)
(incomplete list)
Footnotes
References
* (2010a)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
Genus ''Crocidosema'' account Version 2.0. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
* (2010b)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Crocidosema'' species list Version 2.0. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
* (1986): Pyralidae and Microlepidoptera of the Marquesas Archipelago. ''Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology'' 416: 1-485
PDF fulltext(214 MB!)
* (2004)
Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species&ndash
''Crocidosema'' Version of 2004-NOV-05. Retrieved 2011-OCT-15.
Eucosmini
Tortricidae genera
Taxa named by Philipp Christoph Zeller
{{Eucosmini-stub