''Criniger'' is a genus of
songbird
A songbird is a bird belonging to the suborder Passeri of the perching birds ( Passeriformes). Another name that is sometimes seen as the scientific or vernacular name is Oscines, from Latin ''oscen'', "songbird". The Passeriformes contains 50 ...
s in the
bulbul
The bulbuls are members of a family, Pycnonotidae, of medium-sized passerine songbirds, which also includes greenbuls, brownbuls, leafloves, and bristlebills. The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical ...
family, Pycnonotidae. The species of ''Criniger'' are found in western and central Africa.
Taxonomy
The genus ''Criniger'' was introduced in 1820 by the Dutch zoologist
Coenraad Jacob Temminck
Coenraad Jacob Temminck (; 31 March 1778 – 30 January 1858) was a Dutch aristocrat, zoologist and museum director.
Biography
Coenraad Jacob Temminck was born on 31 March 1778 in Amsterdam in the Dutch Republic. From his father, Jacob Temm ...
, the name ''Criniger'' is
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power ...
for "long-haired" (from ''crinis'', meaning "hair" and ''gerere'', meaning "to carry").
A year later Temminck designated the
type species
In zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the species that contains the biological type specimen( ...
as the
western bearded greenbul.
Species
The genus contains five species:
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Western bearded greenbul (''Criniger barbatus'')
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Eastern bearded greenbul (''Criniger chloronotus'')
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Red-tailed greenbul (''Criniger calurus'')
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White-bearded greenbul (''Criniger ndussumensis'')
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Yellow-bearded greenbul (''Criniger olivaceus'')
Former species
Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus ''Criniger'':
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Striated bulbul (as ''Tricophorus striatus'' or ''Criniger striatus'')
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Streak-eared bulbul
The streak-eared bulbul (''Pycnonotus conradi'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds.
It is found from Thailand and northern and central Malay Peninsula to southern Indochina.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist ...
(as ''Criniger Conradi'')
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Western greenbul (as ''Trichophorus tephrolaemus'')
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Olive-headed greenbul
The olive-headed greenbul (''Arizelocichla olivaceiceps'') is a species of the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is found in south-eastern Africa.
Taxonomy and systematics
The olive-headed greenbul was originally described in the genus '' Cri ...
(as ''Criniger olivaceiceps'')
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Golden greenbul
The golden greenbul (''Calyptocichla serinus'') is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds found in western and central Africa. It is the only member of the genus ''Calyptocichla''.
Taxonomy and systematics
The golden greenbul was orig ...
(as ''Criniger serinus'')
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Honeyguide greenbul (as ''Criniger indicator'')
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Upper Guinea honeyguide greenbul (as ''Trichophorus leucurus'')
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Yellow-bellied greenbul (as ''Trichophorus flaviventris'')
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Falkenstein's greenbul (as ''Criniger Falkensteini'')
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Simple greenbul (as ''Trichophorus simplex'')
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Yellow-throated leaflove (as ''Trichophorus flavicollis'' or ''Criniger flavicollis'')
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Uganda yellow-throated greenbul (as ''Trichophorus flavigula'')
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Northern brownbul
The northern brownbul (''Phyllastrephus strepitans'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
It is found in eastern Africa.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests, dry savanna, and subtropical or tropi ...
(as ''Criniger strepitans'')
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Fischer's greenbul (as ''Criniger Fischeri'')
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Cabanis's greenbul
Cabanis's greenbul (''Phyllastrephus cabanisi''), also known as Cabanis's bulbul, is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is found in east-central and south-central Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical ...
(as ''Criniger cabanisi'')
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Icterine greenbul (as ''Trichophorus icterinus'')
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Red-tailed bristlebill (multicolor) (as ''Criniger multicolor'')
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Green-tailed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus eximius'')
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Yellow-lored bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus notatus'')
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Grey-headed bristlebill (as ''Trichophorus canicapillus'')
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Finsch's bulbul (as ''Criniger finschi'')
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White-throated bulbul (as ''Trichophorus flaveolus'' or ''Criniger flaveolus'')
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White-throated bulbul (burmanicus) (as ''Criniger burmanicus'')
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Puff-throated bulbul (as ''Criniger pallidus'')
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Grey-crowned bulbul
The puff-throated bulbul (''Alophoixus pallidus'') is a songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1870. It is found in Southeast Asia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist ...
(as ''Criniger griseiceps'')
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Puff-throated bulbul (henrici) (as ''Criniger Henrici'')
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Ochraceous bulbul (as ''Criniger ochraceus'')
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Ochraceous bulbul (sordidus) (as ''Criniger sordidus'')
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Ochraceous bulbul (sumatranus) (as ''Criniger sumatranus'')
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Ochraceous bulbul (ruficrissus) (as ''Criniger ruficrissus'')
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Grey-cheeked bulbul (as ''Criniger bres'')
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Grey-cheeked bulbul (tephrogenys) (as ''Trichophorus tephrogenys'')
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Grey-cheeked bulbul (gutturalis) (as ''Trichophorus gutturalis'' or ''Criniger gutturalis'')
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Palawan bulbul (as ''Criniger frater'')
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Yellow-bellied bulbul (as ''Criniger phaeocephalus'')
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Yellow-bellied bulbul (diardi) (as ''Criniger diardi'')
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Yellow-bellied bulbul (sulphuratus) (as ''Trichophorus sulphuratus'')
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Yellow-browed bulbul (as ''Trichophorus indicus'')
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Yellow-browed bulbul (icterica) (as ''Criniger ictericus'')
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Hairy-backed bulbul
The hairy-backed bulbul (''Tricholestes criniger'') is a songbird species in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae. It is the sole species contained within the monotypic genus ''Tricholestes''. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, and Borneo. I ...
(as ''Trichophorus minutus'')
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Hairy-backed bulbul (sericeus) (as ''Criniger sericea'')
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Grey-eyed bulbul (as ''Criniger propinquus'')
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Charlotte's bulbul (as ''Criniger charlottae'')
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Sulphur-bellied bulbul (as ''Criniger palawanensis'')
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Seram golden bulbul (as ''Criniger affinis'')
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Ambon golden bulbul (as ''Trichophorus flavicaudus'')
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Northern golden bulbul (as ''Criniger longirostris'')
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Sangihe golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Platenae'')
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Togian golden bulbul (as ''Criniger aureus'')
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Halmahera golden bulbul (as ''Criniger Chloris'')
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Buru golden bulbul (as ''Criniger mystacalis'')
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Yellowish bulbul
The yellowish bulbul (''Hypsipetes everetti'') is a species of songbird in the bulbul family, Pycnonotidae.
Taxonomy and systematics
The yellowish bulbul was originally described in the genus ''Criniger ''and later placed in the genus ''Ixos' ...
(as ''Criniger Everetti'')
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Sulu bulbul (as ''Criniger Haynaldi'')
References
Further reading
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{{Taxonbar, from=Q869723
Bird genera
Greenbuls
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot