Cretaquarium (, ''Enidrio Kritis''), also known as Thalassocosmos (, "sea world"), is a

public aquarium A public aquarium () or public water zoo is the aquatic counterpart of a zoo, which houses living aquatic animal and aquatic plant, plant specimens for public viewing. Most public aquariums feature tanks larger than those kept by home aquarists, ...

located near the town of Gournes in

Crete Crete ( ; , Modern Greek, Modern: , Ancient Greek, Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the List of islands by area, 88th largest island in the world and the List of islands in the Mediterranean#By area, fifth la ...

Greece Greece, officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. Located on the southern tip of the Balkan peninsula, it shares land borders with Albania to the northwest, North Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to th ...

, 15 km east of the city of

Heraklion Heraklion or Herakleion ( ; , , ), sometimes Iraklion, is the largest city and the administrative capital city, capital of the island of Crete and capital of Heraklion (regional unit), Heraklion regional unit. It is the fourth largest city in G ...

History

The Cretaquarium project was conceived by employees of the former Institute of Marine Biology of Crete (IMBC) to create the first large aquarium in Greece, as part of a marine park for research, education, culture and recreation. Its construction was co-financed by the European Investment Bank and the Greek state. Cretaquarium first opened on the site of the former

USAF The United States Air Force (USAF) is the Air force, air service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is one of the six United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. Tracing its ori ...

Iraklion Air Station near the town of Gournes in December 2005 and underwent a major expansion during the winter of 2008–9, when 25 new tanks were installed. The aquarium is currently operated by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, a public research institution.

Exhibits

Cretaquarium is home to more than 2,500 animals of approximately 250 different species, most of which are native to the

Mediterranean The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern ...

. It consists of 61 tanks of different sizes, containing a total amount of 1,800,000 liters of water. The aquarium's exhibits are split into five sections:

Playing with the light

In the first section of Cretaquarium there are tanks with sea life typically found in caves or great depths; and they are displayed in low light conditions. Some of the species in this section are the red scorpionfish, the common stingray and the dusky grouper.

Open Sea

The second section of the aquarium displays animals living in the pelagic zone of the

Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Eur ...

. Both the first and the second largest tanks of the aquarium are in this section, containing 600,000 and 400,000 liters of water each. The scenery in the tanks is inspired from the seabed of Vai and Matala. In the "Open Sea" section visitors can see among others sand tiger sharks and loggerhead sea turtles, as well as common octopuses and Mediterranean slipper lobsters in some smaller tanks.

Coastal areas

The third section of Cretaquarium is called "Coastal areas" and it displays the biotopes of the coastal zone. Here species like the European spiny lobster, the snakelocks anemone and many more can be found.

The Aquarium beyond the glass

In this section visitors can see some animals from up close in shallow open tanks and learn about the secrets of tank-making and how tanks function. Some of the species that are displayed here are the Mediterranean rainbow wrasse and the moon jellyfish.

Travelling to the Tropics

The last section of the aquarium is dedicated to tropical fish and other marine life found in the

tropics The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...

, focusing on species that are lessepsian migrants. In this section visitors can see clownfish, spinefoots and other animals.

Research

The Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture of the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research is based on the premises of Cretaquarium; and as a result the experimental scientific research is an important element of the function of the aquarium. Many of the animals living at the aquarium are constantly observed through cameras for the purpose of studying their life cycle and behavior. Particular emphasis is given on species that are lessepsian migrants, in order to understand the impact that these introduced fish have on the marine ecosystem of Greece. In collaboration with local agencies and environmental organizations, Cretaquarium is also taking care of sick or wounded animals that are then reintroduced into the wild.

References

External links

* * {{Zoos of Greece Museums in Crete Buildings and structures in Heraklion (regional unit) Aquaria in Greece 2005 establishments in Greece