Crassispira Integra

''Crassispira'' is a genus of small predatory sea snails with narrow, high-spired shells, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Pseudomelatomidae.MolluscaBase (2018). Crassispira Swainson, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=224467 on 2018-04-21 They first appeared in the fossil record approximately 48.6 million years ago during the Eocene epoch, and still exist in the present day.

Taxonomy

The small blackish "Drillias" so common in Panamic waters, of which ''Pleurotoma bottae'' Valenciennes is the type, were brought under the name of ''Crassispira'' Swainson, 1840 by W.H. Dall in 1918.

Description

Most species in this genus have a tall spire and a truncated anterior canal. The ribs are overridden by spirals, forming beads or nodules. Under the subsutural keel is the sinus area which is rather smooth.

The small shell is subclavate and tuberculated. The spire is thick and lengthened. The outer lip shows a slight sinus above and is thickened internally at the top and the bottom. The top of the inner lip has a thick pad. The basal channel is slightly defined.

The shell is medium-sized. The aperture is moderately long and wide, scarcely contracted at the base, forming a suggestion of a siphonal canal, moderately emarginate at the base. The siphonal fasciole is slightly bulging. The body whorl is varicose near the outer lip. The anal sinus is deep and narrow. The apex is semicircular and lies some distance from the suture below thread on the anal fasciole. The base of outer lip bears a very shallow, broad sinus, or stromboid notch. The inner lip is detached. The parietal callus is thickened adjoining the anal sinus. The sculpture consists of narrow axial ribs, between which the spiral threads or grooves. The anal fasciole bears a strong spiral cord. (Based on original figures, Kiener, Coquilles vivantes, ''Pleurotoma'', pp. 33–34, pi. 15, fig. 2, 1839.)

The shell has a strong subsutural collar, a moderately narrow but strongly concave subsutural slope, strong axial ribs that do not cross the subsutural slope, and strong spiral threads between the axial ribs.

Species

Species within the genus ''Crassispira'' are numerous. According to the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), they include:

* '' Crassispira abdera'' Dall, 1919
* † '' Crassispira abundans'' Conrad, 1840
* † '' Crassispira acuticosta'' Nyst, 1845
* ''Crassispira adana'' Bartsch, 1950
* † ''Crassispira aegis'' Woodring, 1928
* ''Crassispira aequatorialis'' Thiele, 1925
* ''Crassispira affinis'' Reeve, 1846
* ''Crassispira albobrunnea'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
* ''Crassispira angelettii'' Bozzetti, 2008
* † ''Crassispira angulosa'' Deshayes, 1834
* † ''Crassispira annella'' Woodring, 1928
* ''Crassispira ansonae'' Wells, 1990
* ''Crassispira apicata'' Reeve, 1845
* '' Crassispira appressa'' Carpenter, 1864
* '' Crassispira apta'' Thiele, 1925
* † '' Crassispira armoricensis'' Cossmann, 1896
* † '' Crassispira aster'' Lozouet, 2015
* '' Crassispira asthenes'' Faber, 2007
* '' Crassispira aurea'' Kantor et al. 2017
* '' Crassispira ballenaensis'' Hertlein & Strong, 1951
* † ''Crassispira balnearum'' Boussac, 1911
* † '' Crassispira bataviana'' Martin, 1895
* '' Crassispira bernardi'' Fernandes et al., 1995
* † '' Crassispira berthelini'' de Boury, 1899
* '' Crassispira bifurca'' Smith E. A., 1888
* † '' Crassispira birmanica'' Vredenburg, 1921
* '' Crassispira blanquilla'' Fallon, 2011
* † '' Crassispira boadicea'' Dall, 1900
* † '' Crassispira borealis'' Kautsky, 1925
* '' Crassispira bottae'' Valenciennes in Kiener, 1840
* '' Crassispira bridgesi'' Dall, 1919
* † '' Crassispira brocchii'' Bellardi & Michelotti, 1841
* '' Crassispira bruehli'' Stahlschmidt & Fraussen, 2014
* '' Crassispira brujae'' Hertlein & Strong, 1951
* † '' Crassispira calligona'' Maury, 1910
* '' Crassispira callosa'' Kiener, 1840
* '' Crassispira cana'' Fallon, 2011
* ''Crassispira candelae'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
* † '' Crassispira capella'' Olsson, 1930
* '' Crassispira carbonaria'' Reeve, 1843
* '' Crassispira cerithina'' (Anton, 1838
* '' Crassispira cerithoidea'' Carpenter, 1857
* '' Crassispira chacei'' Hertlein & Strong, 1951
* '' Crassispira chazaliei'' Dautzenberg, 1900
* '' Crassispira coelata'' Hinds, 1843
* '' Crassispira comasi'' Fernández-Garcés & Rolán, 2010
* † '' Crassispira conica'' Jung, 1965
* '' Crassispira consociata'' E.A. Smith, 1877
* † '' Crassispira constricta'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † '' Crassispira contabulata'' Cossmann, 1889
* '' Crassispira coracina'' McLean & Poorman, 1971
* '' Crassispira cortezi'' Shasky & Campbell, 1964
* '' Crassispira cubana'' Melvill, 1923
* '' Crassispira currani'' McLean & Poorman, 1971
* † '' Crassispira cymation'' Woodring, 1970
* † '' Crassispira daguini'' Peyrot, 1931
* † '' Crassispira dalabeensis'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † '' Crassispira danjouxii'' Baudon, 1853
* † '' Crassispira degrangei'' Peyrot, 1931
* † ''Crassispira detrita'' Peyrot, 1938
* ''Crassispira dhofarensis'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
* ''Crassispira discoloris'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
* '' Crassispira discors'' Sowerby I, 1834
* '' Crassispira dysoni'' Reeve, 1846
* '' Crassispira elatior'' C. B. Adams, 1845
* '' Crassispira epicasta'' Dall, 1919
* '' Crassispira erigone'' Dall, 1919
* † '' Crassispira erronea'' Cossmann, 1902
* '' Crassispira eurynome'' Dall, 1919
* † '' Crassispira finitima'' de Boury, 1899
* '' Crassispira flavescens'' Reeve, 1843
* '' Crassispira flavocarinata'' Smith E. A., 1882
* '' Crassispira flavocincta'' C. B. Adams, 1850
* '' Crassispira flavonodulosa'' Smith E. A., 1879
* '' Crassispira funebralis'' Fernandes et al., 1995
* † '' Crassispira furcata'' (Lamarck, 1804 Le Renard (J.) & Pacaud (J.-M.), 1995 Révision des Mollusques paléogènes du Bassin de Paris. 2 - Liste des références primaires des espèces. Cossmanniana, t. 3, vol. 3, p. 65-132
* '' Crassispira fuscescens'' Reeve, 1843
* '' Crassispira fuscobrevis'' Rolán, Ryall & Horro, 2007
* '' Crassispira fuscocincta'' C. B. Adams, 1850
* † '' Crassispira girgillus'' Dolfus, 1899
* † '' Crassispira glaphyrella'' Cossmann & Pissarro, 1900
* † '' Crassispira granulata'' Lamarck, 1804
* '' Crassispira greeleyi'' Dall, 1901
* † '' Crassispira grignonensis'' (Cossmann, 1889
* † '' Crassispira guayana'' Pilsbry & Olsson, 1941
* '' Crassispira guildingii'' Reeve, 1845
* '' Crassispira hanleyi'' Carpenter, 1857
* '' Crassispira harfordiana'' Reeve, 1843
* '' Crassispira harpularia'' Desmoulins, 1842
* † '' Crassispira hataii'' MacNeil, 1960
* † '' Crassispira hispaniolae'' Maury, 1917
* '' Crassispira hondurasensis'' Reeve, 1846
* ''Crassispira hosoi'' Okutani, 1964
* † '' Crassispira hypermeces'' Cossmann, 1889
* '' Crassispira incrassata'' Sowerby I, 1834
* † '' Crassispira inflexa'' Lamarck, 1804
* '' Crassispira integra'' Thiele, 1925
* † '' Crassispira iravadica'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † ''Crassispira ischnomorpha'' Cossmann & Pissarro, 1900
* † '' Crassispira jamaicense'' Guppy, 1866
* † '' Crassispira kachhensis'' Vredenburg, 1925
* † '' Crassispira kamaensis'' Vredenburg, 1921
* '' Crassispira kluthi'' Jordan, 1936
* † '' Crassispira labroplicata'' Cossmann, 1896
* '' Crassispira laevisulcata'' Von Maltzan, 1883
* † '' Crassispira lagouardensis'' Lozouet, 2015
* '' Crassispira latiriformis'' Melvill, 1923
* '' Crassispira latizonata'' Smith E. A., 1882
* '' Crassispira lavanonoensis'' Bozzetti, 2008
* † '' Crassispira lavillei'' de Boury, 1899
* † '' Crassispira lepta'' Edwards, 1861
* † '' Crassispira lesbarritzensis'' Lozouet, 2015
* ''Crassispira lirae'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
* † '' Crassispira logani'' Dey, 1961
* † '' Crassispira lomata'' Woodring, 1928
* † '' Crassispira losquemadica'' Maury, 1917
* † '' Crassispira lozoueti'' Tucker & Le Renard, 1993
* '' Crassispira luctuosa'' d'Orbigny, 1847
* † '' Crassispira lyopleura'' McNeil, 1984
* '' Crassispira mackintoshi'' Fallon, 2011
* † '' Crassispira maonisriparum'' Maury, 1917
* † '' Crassispira margaritula'' Deshayes, 1834
* '' Crassispira martiae'' McLean & Poorman, 1971
* '' Crassispira masinoi'' Fallon, 2011
* '' Crassispira maura'' Sowerby I, 1834
* † '' Crassispira mausseneti'' Cossmann, 1889
* '' Crassispira mayaguanaensis'' Fallon, 2011
* † '' Crassispira mekranica'' Vredenburg, 1925
* '' Crassispira melonesiana'' Dall & Simpson, 1901
* '' Crassispira mennoi'' Jong & Coomans, 1988
* † '' Crassispira meunieri'' Maury, 1910
* '' Crassispira microstoma'' Smith, 1882
* † '' Crassispira mindegyiensi'' Vredenburg, 1921
* '' Crassispira monilecosta'' Fernandes et al., 1995
* ''Crassispira monteiroi'' Horro, Gori, Rosado & Rolán, 2021
* '' Crassispira montereyensis'' Stearns, 1871
* '' Crassispira multicostata'' Fallon, 2011
* † '' Crassispira myaukmigonensis'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † '' Crassispira nana'' Deshayes, 1834
* '' Crassispira nigerrima'' Sowerby I, 1834
* '' Crassispira nigrescens'' C. B. Adams, 1845
* '' Crassispira nina'' Thiele, 1925
* † '' Crassispira nodulosa'' Lamarck, 1804
* † '' Crassispira obliquata'' Cossmann, 1889
* '' Crassispira ochrobrunnea'' Melvill, 1923
* † '' Crassispira octocrassicosta'' Lozouet, 2017
* '' Crassispira oliva'' Fernandes et al., 1995
* † '' Crassispira oxyacrum'' Cossmann, 1889
* † '' Crassispira passaloides'' Cossmann, 1902
* '' Crassispira pellisphocae'' Reeve, 1845
* † '' Crassispira perrugata'' Dall, 1890
* '' Crassispira pini'' Fernandes et al., 1995
* † '' Crassispira plateaui'' Cossmann, 1889
* † ''Crassispira plioibericostricta'' Brunetti & Forli, 2021
* † ''Crassispira plioparvula'' Vera-Peláez, 2002
* '' Crassispira pluto'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
* † '' Crassispira ponida'' Woodring, 1928
* '' Crassispira premorra'' Dall, 1889
* '' Crassispira procera'' Kantor et al., 2017
* † '' Crassispira promensis'' Noetling, 1901
* † '' Crassispira propeangulosa'' Cossmann, 1889
* '' Crassispira pseudocarbonaria'' Nolf, 2009
* † ''Crassispira pseudoglabra'' Brunetti & Forli, 2021
* '' Crassispira pseudocarinata'' Reeve, 1845
* † '' Crassispira pseudodanjouxi'' Brébion, 1992
* † '' Crassispira pseudoprincipalis'' Yokoyama, 1920
* '' Crassispira pulchrepunctata'' Stahlschmidt & Bozzetti, 2007
* '' Crassispira quadrifasciata'' Reeve, 1845
* † '' Crassispira quoniamensis'' Boussac in Périer, 1941
* † '' Crassispira raricostulata'' Deshayes, 1865
* '' Crassispira recurvirostrata'' Kuroda, 1972
* '' Crassispira rhythmica'' Melvill, 1927
* † '' Crassispira ritanida'' Mansfield, 1925
* '' Crassispira rubidofusca'' Schepman, 1913
* '' Crassispira rudis'' Sowerby I, 1834
* '' Crassispira rugitecta'' Dall, 1918
* '' Crassispira rustica'' Sowerby I, 1834
* '' Crassispira sacerdotalis'' Rolan & Fernandes, 1992
* '' Crassispira safagaensis'' Kilburn & Dekker, 2008
* † '' Crassispira sanctistephani'' Lozouet, 2017
* '' Crassispira sandrogorii'' Ryall, Horro & Rolán, 2009
* '' Crassispira sanibelensis'' Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
* '' Crassispira scala'' Kantor et al., 2017
* '' Crassispira schillingi'' Weinkauff & Kobelt, 1876
* † '' Crassispira seiuncta'' Bellardi, 1877
* † '' Crassispira semicolon'' Sowerby I, 1816
* '' Crassispira semigranosa'' Reeve, 1846
* '' Crassispira sinensis'' Hinds, 1843
* '' Crassispira soamanitraensis'' Bozzetti, 2008
* '' Crassispira somalica'' Morassi & Bonfitto, 2013
* † '' Crassispira starri'' Hertlein, 1927
* † '' Crassispira strangulata'' Harzhauser, Raven & Landau, 2018
* † '' Crassispira streptophora'' Bayan, 1873
* † '' Crassispira subbataviana'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † '' Crassispira subgranulosa'' d'Orbigny, 1850)
* † '' Crassispira subpromensis'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † '' Crassispira suffecta'' Pezant, 1909
* † '' Crassispira sulcata'' Lamarck, 1804
* '' Crassispira sundaica'' Thiele, 1925
* '' Crassispira takeokensis'' Otuka, 1949
* '' Crassispira tasconium'' Melvill & Standen, 1901
* † '' Crassispira tenuicrenata'' Cossmann, 1902
* '' Crassispira tepocana'' Dall, 1919
* † '' Crassispira terebra'' Basterot, 1825
* † '' Crassispira tittabweensis'' Vredenburg, 1921
* † '' Crassispira toulai'' Cossmann, 1913
* '' Crassispira trencarti'' Ryall, Horro & Rolán, 2009
* '' Crassispira trimariana'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
* '' Crassispira tuckerana'' Bonfitto & Morassi, 2011
* '' Crassispira turricula'' Sowerby I, 1834
* † '' Crassispira tyloessa'' Woodring, 1970
* '' Crassispira unicolor'' Sowerby I, 1834
* † '' Crassispira vasseuri'' Cossmann, 1896
* '' Crassispira verbernei'' Jong & Coomans, 1988
* '' Crassispira vexillum'' Reeve, 1845
* '' Crassispira vezzaroi'' Cossignani, 2014
* † '' Crassispira virodunensis'' Lozouet, 2017
* † '' Crassispira woodringi'' Olsson, 1930
* '' Crassispira xanti'' Hertlein & Strong, 1951

;Nomen nudum:
* ''Crassispira eous'' Ekdale, 1974 Ekdale, Allan A. "Marine molluscs from shallow-water environments (0 to 60 meters) off the northeast Yucatán coast, Mexico." Bulletin of Marine Science 24.3 (1974): 638-668.
(as Cerodrillia eous Bartsch)
; Species brought into synonymy :
* ''Crassispira adamsi'' De Jong & Coomans, 1988: synonym of ''Crassispira elatior'' C. B. Adams, 1845 (Unnecessary replacement name for ''Pleurotoma elatior'' ''C.B. Adams, 1845'', believed to be preoccupied by ''P. elatior'' d'Orbigny, "1842" n fact 1847
* ''Crassispira adamsiana'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Crassispira harfordiana'' Reeve, 1843
* ''Crassispira aesopus'' Schepman, 1913: synonym of '' Inquisitor aesopus'' Schepman, 1913
* ''Crassispira affinis'' Reeve, 1846 junior homonym of '' Crassispira flavescens'' Reeve, 1845
* ''Crassispira albomaculata'' d'Orbigny, 1847: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira nodata'' C. B. Adams, 1850
* ''Crassispira albonodulosa'' E. A. Smith, 1904: synonym of ''Psittacodrillia albonodulosa'' E. A. Smith, 1904
* ''Crassispira albovallosa'' Carpenter, 1856: synonym of '' Crassispira rudis'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira amathea'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira amathea'' Dall, 1919
* ''Crassispira anthamilla'' Melvill, 1923: synonym of '' Crassispira chazaliei'' Dautzenberg, 1900
* ''Crassispira arsinoe'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira arsinoe'' Dall, 1919
* ''Crassispira aureonodosa'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira aureonodosa'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
* ''Crassispira bacchia'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira bacchia'' Dall, 1919
* ''Crassispira bairstowi'' Sowerby III, 1886: synonym of ''Psittacodrillia bairstowi'' Sowerby III, 1886
* ''Crassispira bandata'' Nowell-Usticke, 1971: synonym of '' Crassispira latizonata'' E. A. Smith, 1882
* ''Crassispira bandata'' Nowell-Usticke, 1969 : synonym of '' Monilispira bandata'' Nowell-Usticke, 1969
* ''Crassispira barkliensis'' Adams, 1869: synonym of '' Drillia barkliensis'' Adams, 1869
* ''Crassispira bittium'' Dall, 1924: synonym of '' Ceritoturris bittium'' Dall, 1924 (original combination)
* † ''Crassispira calligonoides'' Gardner, 1938: synonym of † '' Hindsiclava calligonoides'' Gardner, 1938
* ''Crassispira cancellata'' Carpenter, 1864: synonym of '' Crassispira pellisphocae'' Reeve, 1845
* ''Crassispira candace'' Dall, 1919: synonym of '' Pyrgospira candace'' Dall, 1919
* ''Crassispira caribbaea'' E.A. Smith, 1882: synonym of '' Buchema interstrigata'' Smith E.A., 1882
* ''Crassispira cornuta'' Sowerby I, 1834: synonym of '' Crassispira nigerrima'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira cubensis'' Smith, 1882: synonym of '' Crassispira kluthi'' Jordan, 1936
* ''Crassispira cuprea'' Reeve, 1843: synonym of '' Crassispira fuscescens'' Reeve, 1843
* ''Crassispira diversa'' E. A. Smith, 1882: synonym of ''Psittacodrillia diversa'' E. A. Smith, 1882
* ''Crassispira drangai'' Schwengel, 1951: synonym of Strictispira drangai Schwengel, 1951
* ''Crassispira ebenina'' Dall, 1883: synonym of '' Strictispira solida'' C.B. Adams, 1850
* ''Crassispira ericana'' Hertlein & Strong, 1951: synonym of ''Strictispira ericana'' Hertlein & Strong, 1951
* ''Crassispira flavescens'' Reeve, 1846: synonym of ''Crassispira affinis'' Reeve, 1846
* ''Crassispira flavonodosa'' Pilsbry & H. N. Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Crassispira eurynome'' Dall, 1919
* ''Crassispira flucki'' Brown & Pilsbry, 1913: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira flucki'' Brown & Pilsbry, 1913
* ''Crassispira fonseca'' Pilsbry and Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira atramentosa''
* ''Crassispira granulosa'' Sowerby I, 1834: synonym of '' Buchema granulosa'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira hermanita'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Maesiella hermanita'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
* ''Crassispira hottenta'' E. A. Smith, 1882: synonym of '' Clavus hottentotus'' E. A. Smith, 1882
* ''Crassispira hottentota'' E. A. Smith, 1882: synonym of '' Clavus hottentotus'' E. A. Smith, 1882
* ''Crassispira inaequistriata'' Li, 1930: synonym of '' Crassispira maura'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira jungi'' Macsotay & Campos Villarroel, 2001: synonym of '' Hindsiclava jungi'' Macsotay & Campos Villarroel, 2001
* ''Crassispira kandai'' Kuroda, 1950: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira kandai'' Kuroda, 1950
* ''Crassispira layardi'' Sowerby III, 1897: synonym of '' Crassiclava layardi'' Sowerby III, 1897
* ''Crassispira leucocyma'' Dall, 1884: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira leucocyma'' Dall, 1884
* ''Crassispira loxospira'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira loxospira'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
* ''Crassispira lysidia'' Duclos, 1850: synonym of '' Monilispira lysidia'' Duclos, 1850
* ''Crassispira mesoleuca'' Rehder, 1943: synonym of '' Crassispira cubana'' Melvill, 1923
* ''Crassispira monilifera'' Carpenter, 1857: synonym of '' Monilispira monilifera'' Carpenter, 1857
* ''Crassispira monilis'' Bartsch & Rehder, 1939: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira monilis'' Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
* ''Crassispira nigricans'' Dall, 1919: synonym of Crassispira maura Sowerby I, 1834)
* ''Crassispira nymphia'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932: synonym of '' Pilsbryspira nymphia'' Pilsbry & Lowe, 1932
* ''Crassispira ochsneri'' Hertlein & Strong, 1949: synonym of ''Cleospira ochsneri'' Hertlein & Strong, 1949
* ''Crassispira ostrearum'' Stearns, 1872: synonym of '' Pyrgospira ostrearum'' Stearns, 1872
* ''Crassispira palliata'' Reeve, 1845: synonym of '' Crassispira kluthi'' Jordan, 1936
* ''Crassispira pardalis'' Hinds, 1844: synonym of '' Anachis pardalis'' Hinds, 1843
* ''Crassispira paxillus'' Reeve, 1845: synonym of ''Strictispira paxillus'' Reeve, 1845
* ''Crassispira perla'' Smith, 1947: synonym of '' Crassispira maura'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira phasma'' Schwengel, 1940: synonym of '' Fenimorea phasma'' Schwengel, 1940 (original combination)
* † ''Crassispira pseudospirata'' d'Orbigny, 1850: synonym of † ''Drilliola pseudospirata'' d'Orbigny, 1850
* ''Crassispira quadrilirata'' E. A. Smith, 1882: synonym of '' Carinodrillia quadrilirata'' E. A. Smith, 1882
* ''Crassispira reigeni'' Bartsch, 1950: synonym of '' Zonulispira grandimaculata'' C.B. Adams, 1852
* ''Crassispira rufovaricosa'' Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971: synonym of '' Inquisitor rufovaricosa'' Kuroda, Habe & Oyama, 1971
* ''Crassispira saulcydiana'' Récluz, 1851: synonym of '' Drillia umbilicata'' Gray, 1838
* ''Crassispira solida'' C. B. Adams, 1850: synonym of ''Clathrodrillia solida'' C. B. Adams, 1850
* ''Crassispira sowerbyi'' Reeve, 1843: synonym of '' Crassispira turricula'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira stilmani'' Shasky, 1971: synonym of ''Strictispira stillmani'' Shasky, 1971
* ''Crassispira strigata'' Sowerby II, 1874: synonym of '' Drillia barkliensis'' H. Adams, 1869
* ''Crassispira sultana'' Thiele, 1925: synonym of '' Paradrillia sultana'' Thiele, 1925 (original combination)
* ''Crassispira tabogaensis'' Bartsch, 1931: synonym of '' Crassispira kluthi'' Jordan, 1936
* ''Crassispira tampaensis'' Bartsch & Rehder, 1939: synonym of '' Pyrgospira tampaensis'' Bartsch & Rehder, 1939
* ''Crassispira tangolaensis'' Hertlein, L.G. & A.M. Strong, 1951: synonym of '' Crassispira unicolor'' Sowerby I, 1834
* † ''Crassispira terebra'' Basterot, 1825: synonym of † '' Drillia terebra'' Basterot, 1825
* ''Crassispira thiarella'' Kiener, 1840: synonym of '' Crassispira nigerrima'' Sowerby I, 1834
* ''Crassispira tripter'' Maltzan, 1883: synonym of '' Drillia tripter'' Von Maltzan, 1883
* ''Crassispira tuckeri'' Bonfitto & Morassi, 2004: synonym of ''Crassispira tuckerana'' Bonfitto & Morassi, 2011
* ''Crassispira walteri'' Smith M., 1946: synonym of '' Clathrodrillia walteri'' Smith M., 1946

References

* Reeve, L.A. 1843–1846. ''Monograph of the genus Pleurotoma'' . Reeve Brothers, London.
* Kantor, Medeinskaya, J.D Taylor - 1997, ''Foregut anatomy and relationships of the Crassispirinae (Gastropoda, Conoidea)''; Bull. nat. Hist. Mus. London (Zool.) 63 (1): 55-92

External links

W.H. Dall (1918) Notes on the nomenclature of the mollusks of the family Turritidae; Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 54 (1918); p. 317

James McLean, A Revised Classification of the Family Turridae, with the Proposal of New Subfamilies, Genera, and Subgenera from the Eastern Pacific; The Veliger vol. 14 (1)

External links

*

Bartsch, Paul, and Harald A. Rehder. "New turritid mollusks from Florida." Proceedings of the United States National Museum (1939).

Bouchet, P.; Kantor, Y. I.; Sysoev, A.; Puillandre, N. (2011). ''A new operational classification of the Conoidea (Gastropoda).'' Journal of Molluscan Studies. 77(3): 273-308

Swainson W. (1840) A treatise on malacology or shells and shell-fish. London, Longman. viii + 419 pp



P.J. Fallon, Descriptions and illustrations of some new and poorly known turrids (Turridae) of the tropical northwestern Atlantic. Part 2. Genus Crassispira Swainson, 1840 subgenera Monilispira Bartsch and Rehder, 1939 and Dallspira Bartsch, 1950; The Nautilus 125, 2011

{{Taxonbar, from=Q3138081

Pseudomelatomidae
Taxonomy articles created by Polbot