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A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or national level are not considered councils. At such levels, there may be no separate executive branch, and the council may effectively represent the entire government. A board of directors might also be denoted as a council.
A committee might also be denoted as a council, though a committee is generally a subordinate body composed of members of a larger body, while a council may not be. Because many schools have a student council, the council is the form of governance with which many people are likely to have their first experience as electors or participants.
A member of a council may be referred to as a councillor or councilperson, or by the gender-specific titles of councilman and councilwoman.
A council is a group of people who come together to consult, deliberate, or make decisions. A council may function as a legislature, especially at a town, city or county/shire level, but most legislative bodies at the state/provincial or national level are not considered councils. At such levels, there may be no separate executive branch, and the council may effectively represent the entire government. A board of directors might also be denoted as a council.
A committee might also be denoted as a council, though a committee is generally a subordinate body composed of members of a larger body, while a council may not be. Because many schools have a student council, the council is the form of governance with which many people are likely to have their first experience as electors or participants.
A member of a council may be referred to as a councillor or councilperson, or by the gender-specific titles of councilman and councilwoman.
In politics
Notable examples of types of councils encountered in politics include: * Borough council, a form of local government * Catholic ecumenical councils, ecclesiastical gatherings for ordering the Catholic Church. * City council, a form of local government. * Community council, the most local official representative body in Scotland and in Wales. * Council of Europe, a political, intergovernmental organization with 47 member countries. * Council of the European Union, the upper house of the European Union. * Council of state, an organ of government in many states. * County council, a council that governs a county in the British Isles. * District council (disambiguation), District council, a unit of government in various jurisdictions. * Ecumenical council, pan-Christian discussion bodies. * European Council, the body of heads of states or of governments of the European Union. * Labour council, an association of labour unions or union branches in a given area. * Municipal council, a form of local government. * National security council, an executive-branch governmental body responsible for coordinating policy on national security issues. * Parish council (England), a form of local government in part of the United Kingdom. * Privy council, a body that advises the head of state of a country. * Provincial council (disambiguation), Provincial council, a governing body for a province. * Regional Council (disambiguation), Regional council, a local-government body in various countries. * Shire council, an entity of local government in Australia. * Shura Council, the formerly upper house of the Egyptian parliament. * Town council, a democratically elected form of government for small municipalities or parishes * Tribal council, First Nations' and Native American Nations' governing bodies * Research Councils UK, government agencies responsible for an area of research in the United Kingdom * United Nations Security Council, a decision-making body at the United Nations * Vatican Council (disambiguation), Vatican Council, a high-level policy-council of the Roman Catholic Church * Village council (State of Palestine), a local-government body in Palestine * Workers' council, a council composed of working-class or proletarian members.In other fields
Types of councils encountered in other spheres include: * Arts council: a government or private, non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the arts. * Bar council: a professional body that regulates the profession of barristers together with the Inns of Court. * Buddhist councils: important historical events in the history of Buddhism. * Council (Boy Scouts): a non-profit private corporation within Boy Scouts of America. * Ecumenical council: a meeting of the bishops of the whole church convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice. * Military council: * Science research council * Student council: a student organization present in many elementary schools, middle schools, high schools, colleges and universities. * Synod: in a Christian church. * University Council: running a university. * Council of war, War Council: discussions pertaining to a declaration of war, or tactics and strategy of a coming battle. * Works council: a body representing the workers of a plant, factory, etc., elected to negotiate with the management about working conditions, wages, etc. * Youth council: an example of youth voice engaged in youth-led decision-making.References
See also
* Consul * Legislative Council * Pontifical Council * Local government in Australia * United Nations Security Council *Directorial system: a form is government where a group of people act as the head of State and/or Government. {{Authority control Councils, Deliberative groups Legislatures