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The Costa Rican Social Security Fund () is in charge of most of the nation's public health sector. Its role in public health (as the administrator of health institutions) is key in Costa Rica, playing an important part in the state's national health policy making. Its services are available to all citizens and permanent legal residents. This governmental entity's functions encompass both the administrative and functional aspects. Originally, services were carried out at private hospitals but funded by the Costa Rican Social Security Fund. Not until the mid-1960s did the Caja begin constructing its own hospitals staffed by public employees. It has the obligation (as a public institution) to formulate and execute health programs that are both preventive (such as:
vaccination Vaccination is the administration of a vaccine to help the immune system develop immunity from a disease. Vaccines contain a microorganism or virus in a weakened, live or killed state, or proteins or toxins from the organism. In stimulating ...
, informational,
fumigation Fumigation is a method of pest control or the removal of harmful microorganisms by completely filling an area with gaseous pesticides, or fumigants, to suffocate or poison the pests within. It is used to control pests in buildings (structural ...
, etc.) and healing (such as:
surgery Surgery is a medical specialty that uses manual and instrumental techniques to diagnose or treat pathological conditions (e.g., trauma, disease, injury, malignancy), to alter bodily functions (e.g., malabsorption created by bariatric surgery s ...
,
radiation therapy Radiation therapy or radiotherapy (RT, RTx, or XRT) is a therapy, treatment using ionizing radiation, generally provided as part of treatment of cancer, cancer therapy to either kill or control the growth of malignancy, malignant cell (biology), ...
,
pharmacy Pharmacy is the science and practice of discovering, producing, preparing, dispensing, reviewing and monitoring medications, aiming to ensure the safe, effective, and affordable use of medication, medicines. It is a miscellaneous science as it ...
, clinical, etc.) in nature. The Costa Rican Social Security Fund is also charged with the administration of the public pension system.


Internal Organization

The Costa Rican Social Security Fund has a complex internal organization which administers and oversees all of the entity's actions in every aspect of its functions. It is strategically managed and administered by the Board of Directors, Executive Presidency, and six Managements. Additionally, it has a supervising body that oversees the administrative actions taken.


Executive Presidency

The current
Executive President An executive president is the head of state who exercises authority over the governance of that state, and can be found in presidential, semi-presidential, and parliamentary systems. They contrast with figurehead presidents, common in most parlia ...
is doctor Román Macaya. The Executive President also chairs the Board of Directors and is appointed by the government. The Executive President is the highest office any one person can hold within the organization's hierarchy and is charged with the responsibility of executing the Board of Directors' decision. Among other functions, responsibilities, and obligations, the Executive President must coordinate with other government institutions wherever possible or needed. Apart from having state given obligations (which are exposed in the national law) the Board of Directors can assign other corresponding responsibilities. The Executive President is obliged to provide exclusive services to the Costa Rican Social Security Fund; meaning that he or she may not hold any other public office or work independently while serving as Executive President.


Funding

The federal government is legally required to assume any and all debt that the Caja amasses. The Caja budget had multiplied nearly seven-fold from 1972 to 1979. By 1982, following economic crisis, the program faced a budget deficit of $26 million, equal to a third of its annual budget. Originally, Caja employees received coverage despite not having a payroll tax for the program. This was ended in 1982, when a 4% payroll tax was instituted. Likewise the payroll tax share paid by non-Caja employers was increased from 6.75% to 9.25%. As of 2006, 76% of the Caja budget came from employee and employer contributions. Services for low-income residents who have their coverage paid by the state are funded by a luxury goods tax.Cercone, James, Etoile Pinder, Jose Pacheco Jimenez, and Rodrigo Bricena. "Impact of Health Insurance on Access, Use, and Health Status in Costa Rica." ''The Impact of Health Insurance in Low-and Middle-Income Countries'', edited by Maria-Luisa Escobar, Charles C. Griffin, and R. Paul Shaw, Brookings Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 2010, pp. 89-105. From 1982 to 1985, the Social Security Fund constructed 150 new rural health posts and increased training of medical workers, despite
International Monetary Fund The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 191 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of las ...
austerity measures being in effect. In 1995, 36% of public social spending, itself 13% of GDP, went toward health care.


Hospitals and clinics

Hospitals and clinics under CCSS administration are:


Alajuela Alajuela () is a district in the Alajuela (canton), Alajuela canton of the Alajuela Province of Costa Rica. As the seat of the Municipality of Alajuela canton, it is awarded the status of city. By virtue of being the city of the first canton of ...

* Hospital San Carlos * Hospital San Rafael de Alajuela * Hospital Carlos Luis Valverde Vega ( San Ramón) * Hospital Los Chiles *
Hospital Upala A hospital is a healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emergency ...
* Hospital San Francisco de Asis (Grecia)


Cartago

* Hospital Max Peralta


Guanacaste

*
Hospital La Anexión A hospital is a healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized Medical Science, health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically ...


Heredia

* Hospital San Vicente de Paúl (Heredia)


Limón Limón (), also known as Puerto Limón, is the capital city of both the province and canton of the same name. One of Costa Rica's seven "middle cities" (i.e., main cities outside of San José's Greater Metropolitan Area), Limón has a populat ...

*
Hospital Dr. Tony Facio Castro Hospital Dr. Tony Facio Castro, known as Hospital Tony Facio, in Limón, Costa Rica, caters to the health needs of Limón Province.


Puntarenas Puntarenas () is a city in the Puntarenas Province, on the Pacific coast of Costa Rica. As the seat of the Municipality of Puntarenas canton, it is awarded the title of city, which comprises the Puntarenas, Chacarita and El Roble districts. A ...

*
Hospital de Golfito A hospital is a healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emergency ...
*
Hospital Monseñor Víctor Manuel Sanabria A hospital is a healthcare institution providing patient treatment with specialized health science and auxiliary healthcare staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which typically has an emergency ...
* Clínica de Miramar *Hospital de Ciudad Nelly *Hospital de San Vito *Hospital Max Teran Vals


San José

* Hospital Nacional de Niños Carlos Sáenz Herrera, in the city centre *
Hospital San Juan de Dios Hospital San Juan de Dios may refer to: *Hospital San Juan de Dios, Bogota, Colombia *San Juan de Dios Hospital (Santiago), Chile *A former hospital in Cúcuta, Colombia, now a library *Hospital San Juan de Dios, Pamplona, Colombia *, San José, Co ...
, in the city centre * Hospital Mexico, west of San José * Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia, in El Carmen district * Hospital de la Mujer (Antigua Maternidad Adolfo Carit), in San Sebastián district * Clínica Doctor Carlos Durán Cartín, in
Zapote Zapote the fifth district of the San José canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica. It is one of the administrative units surrounding San José downtown (officially composed of the districts of El Carmen, Merced, Hospital and Catedral) ...
District. * Clínica Doctor Ricardo Moreno Cañas * Clínica Marcial Fallas, in
Desamparados Desamparados is a district of the Desamparados canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to th ...
canton * Clínica Doctor Solón Núñez * Hospital Dr. Fernando Escalante Pradilla, in Pérez Zeledón


References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Costa Rican Social Security Fund Institutions of Costa Rica