The Corps Altsachsen is a fraternity (''

Studentenverbindung () or , often referred to as , is the umbrella term for many different kinds of fraternity-type associations in German-speaking countries, including Corps, , , , and Catholic fraternities. Worldwide, there are over 1,600 , about a thousand in ...

'') in

Dresden Dresden (; ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; , ) is the capital city of the States of Germany, German state of Saxony and its second most populous city after Leipzig. It is the List of cities in Germany by population, 12th most p ...

, Germany. It was founded on October 31, 1861, and is one of 162 ''

German Student Corps Corps (or Korps; "''das ~''" ('' n''), (''sg.''), (''pl.'')) are the oldest still-existing kind of '' Studentenverbindung'', Germany's traditional university corporations; their roots date back to the 15th century. The oldest corps still exist ...

'' in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Latvia and Hungary today. The Corps is a member of the

Weinheimer Senioren-Convent Weinheimer Senioren-Convent (abbreviation: WSC) is the second oldest association of German Studentenverbindungen. It comprises 58 German Student Corps, German Student ''Corps'', all of which are based upon the principle of tolerance. History ...

(WSC), the second oldest federation of classical Fraternities in Europe with roots dating back to the 15th century.Die Corps. "Was sind die Corps? - Who are the Corps?" http://www.die-corps.de/interessenten.0.html Retrieved on Oct. 7, 2013.Klimczuk, Stephen & Warner, Gerald. " Secret Places, Hidden Sanctuaries: Uncovering Mysterious Sites, Symbols, and Societies". Sterling Publishing, 2009, New York and London. . pp. 212–232 ("University Secret Societies and Dueling Corps"). Four presidents (" Rektor") of

Dresden University of Technology TU Dresden (for , abbreviated as TUD), also as the Dresden University of Technology, is a public research university in Dresden, Germany. It is the largest institute of higher education in the city of Dresden, the largest university in Saxony a ...

, Dresden's largest university with approximately 30.000 students, are among the list of members of the fraternity, underlining the deep connection between the Corps and the local alma mater. The connections with the university and the city of Dresden go far back to the fraternity's early beginnings in the late 19th century, with members aspiring to drive developments for the university over the course of history. Two major accomplishments were (1) ensuring the university's recognition by developing the former Technical Institute into the Royal Saxon Technical College of Dresden in the late 1800s and (2) founding of today's

Studentenwerk A Studentenwerk (plural: ''Studentenwerke'') or Studierendenwerk is a state-run non-profit organization for student affairs in Germany. Each ''Studentenwerk'' is organized at the local level so that it covers one or more universities. The umbrella ...

Dresden in the early 1900s as the university's student council. Outside of the university's circles, many of the fraternity's members drove developments in the architectural style and design of several of Dresden's buildings such as the "Dresden's Neuer Bahnhof".Corps Altsachsen: Hundert Jahre Corps Altsachsen. 1. Auflage. Köln 1961. Membership in the fraternity is open to

honorable ''The Honourable'' (Commonwealth English) or ''The Honorable'' (American English; American and British English spelling differences#-our, -or, see spelling differences) (abbreviation: ''Hon.'', ''Hon'ble'', or variations) is an honorific Style ...

men studying at one of Dresden's

universities A university () is an educational institution, institution of tertiary education and research which awards academic degrees in several Discipline (academia), academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase , which roughly ...

and is based exclusively on personality, good moral standing, and strength of character.Die Corps. "Prinzipien der Corps" An article explaining the principles of being a Corps Student: http://www.die-corps.de/prinzipien.0.html Retrieved on Oct. 7, 2013. Members of the Corps Altsachsen value and engage in the tradition of academic fencing as a way to sharpen and prove their character under pressure. Continuing a practice dating back into the 1700s, Altsachsen's members wear the traditional

couleur Couleur (from French, meaning 'colour' in English) is the expression used in Central European for the various headgear and distinctive ribbons worn by members of these student societies. There are three classes of such student societies: * Soc ...

, colored stripes, in grey-green-gold. The fraternity teaches and expects tolerance from its members, who are stemming from very diverse ethnic, national, religious and political backgrounds.

Fundamentals and principles

Like all ''German Student Corps'', Altsachsen expects tolerance from its members in

political Politics () is the set of activities that are associated with decision-making, making decisions in social group, groups, or other forms of power (social and political), power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of Social sta ...

scientific Science is a systematic discipline that builds and organises knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the universe. Modern science is typically divided into twoor threemajor branches: the natural sciences, which stu ...

and

religious Religion is a range of social- cultural systems, including designated behaviors and practices, morals, beliefs, worldviews, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that generally relate humanity to supernatural ...

affairs. Members are encouraged to have their own point of view about the world and be able to argue it, but Altsachsen as an entity always remains neutral. This ''

neutrality Neutral or neutrality may refer to: Mathematics and natural science Biology * Neutral organisms, in ecology, those that obey the unified neutral theory of biodiversity Chemistry and physics * Neutralization (chemistry), a chemical reaction in ...

'' is a fundamental pillar of all Corps and differentiates them from fraternities who require a certain political or religious affinity. The fraternity encourages freshly admitted (pledging "fox") members with diverse ethnic, national, religious and political backgrounds to prove themselves as valuable Corps brothers, purely on the basis of personal

character Character or Characters may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Literature * ''Character'' (novel), a 1936 Dutch novel by Ferdinand Bordewijk * ''Characters'' (Theophrastus), a classical Greek set of character sketches attributed to Theoph ...

and

merit Merit may refer to: Religion * Merit (Buddhism) * Merit (Christianity) Companies and brands * Merit (cigarette), a brand of cigarettes * Merit Energy Company, an international energy company * Merit Motion Pictures, an independent documentar ...

, before becoming eligible to be fully incorporated (''Rezeption''). The fraternity has about 200 members of all ages (including alumni) coming from or currently residing in Europe, Asia, the Americas and Africa. Every full member is a member for life. Members of the Corps Altsachsen value and practice the tradition of engagements in ''academic fencing'', or ''"Mensur"'' in German, with members of other old-school fraternities. Academic fencing, originating in the

German school of fencing The German school of fencing (') is a system of combat taught in the Holy Roman Empire during the Late Medieval, German Renaissance, and early modern periods. It is described in the contemporary Fechtbücher ("fencing books") written at the ti ...

, is understood as a way to exercise good judgement and prove character, allowing participants to show determination by standing their ground under pressure, while enhancing the bonds between the Corps brothers at the same time.Die Corps. "Hoch bitte – Los!" An article explaining the role of academic fencing at Corps: http://www.die-corps.de/fechten.0.html Retrieved on Oct. 7, 2013.

Mark Twain Samuel Langhorne Clemens (November 30, 1835 – April 21, 1910), known by the pen name Mark Twain, was an American writer, humorist, and essayist. He was praised as the "greatest humorist the United States has produced," with William Fau ...

described one of these fencing duels/challenges in his day and age; his description is remarkably similar to current practices. Altsachsen's members identify themselves wearing the traditional ''couleur'', colored stripes, as well as caps and/or other specific garments at official occasions. This tradition, known as "wearing colors" (German: ''Farben tragen''), provides means to recognize members of other fraternities and, likewise, identification for the Corps brothers with each other and their traditions. Altsachsen's members value the art of ''rhetoric''. The tradition is kept alive by both impromptu or "stand-up and talk" speeches (''Stegreifrede'' in German) as well as elaborate platform presentations typical of industry and academia. All members must present a significant number of such talks and are graded on their presentation skills. In order to become a full member, pledge members must pass a curriculum of predetermined talks in front of their peers and guests. ''Activity'' and ''responsibility'' are two fundamental expectations for fraternity members. With the goal to achieve members who are prepared to become active leaders in society, every Corps brother is expected to hold a leadership position at least once for a term ("Semester") while a student. Members are further encouraged to organize internal and open fraternity events that draw attention from other fraternities and guests from industry, academia, politics and other active societies. Allocating the necessary resources appropriately and living up to set expectations teaches responsibility. All members must show active participation in the regular fraternity Convents, providing the foundation for the fraternity's members to meet and discuss past, present and future developments. Decisions are cast in a democratic manner, sometimes after intense debates. Participation at such Convents teaches a better understanding of proper argumentation, group dynamics and critical analysis of other members' views, plans and arguments, thereby preparing its participants to become active members of society. Similarly, every member must finish his higher educational degree with good academic standing in order to advance to the status of ''Alter Herr'' (alumnus). Long-term guidance is expected from and provided by said ''Alte Herren'', who often remain very engaged and well connected with the fraternity. Every year at the end of May, student and alumni members of all German Student Corps meet in one of two cities (

Weinheim Weinheim (; ) is a town with about 43,000 inhabitants in northwest Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is in the Rhine-Neckar Metropolitan Region, approximately north of Heidelberg and northeast of Mannheim. Weinheim is known as the "Zwei-Burgen-Sta ...

and

Bad Kösen Bad Kösen () is a spa town on the Saale river in the small wine-growing region of Saale-Unstrut, Germany. It is a former municipality in the Burgenlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt. Bad Kösen has a population of around 5,300. Since 1 Januar ...

) for three days to refresh their bonds with their fraternity and friends from the entire Corps network ( WSC/ KSCV). In addition to these international meetings once a year, alumni join the student members for multiple local meetings, lasting an evening or a weekend. These regular meetings result in strong bonds spanning the generations within the fraternity.

History

Foundation as Rhetoric Society in 19th century Dresden

The fraternity was founded on October 31, 1861, at the

Brühl's Terrace Brühl's Terrace () is a historic architectural ensemble in Dresden, Germany. Nicknamed "The Balcony of Europe", the terrace stretches high above the bank of the river Elbe, and is located north of the recently rebuilt Neumarkt Square and the F ...

in Dresden's city center as the Rhetoric Society by students of Dresden's former

Institute of Technology An institute of technology (also referred to as technological university, technical university, university of technology, polytechnic university) is an institution of tertiary education that specializes in engineering, technology, applied science ...

, now the Dresden University of Technology. The name chosen for the new fraternity was originally ''

Polyhymnia Polyhymnia (; ), alternatively Polymnia (Πολύμνια), is, in Greek mythology, the Muse of sacred poetry, sacred hymn, dance and eloquence, as well as agriculture and pantomime. Etymology Polyhymnia name comes from the Greek words "poly" ...

'', after the muse of sacred poetry, rhetoric and

eloquence Eloquence (from French language, French ''eloquence'' from Latin ''eloquentia'') is the quality of speech or writing that is marked by fluency, elegancy, and persuasiveness. It is also defined as one of the aims of formal oratory and, in this ...

. The founders strongly believed that a rhetoric education and discourse should be part of a complete humanistic higher education. The colors ''grey-green-gold'' were chosen to represent the fraternity's principles focusing on academia (grey), being full of fresh energy and hope for its principles (green), and valuing friendship among fraternity brothers (gold). The strong connection to the fraternity's founding location is often revived with a rhetoric get-together at Brühl's Terrace and spontaneous afternoon pub gatherings near the river

Elbe The Elbe ( ; ; or ''Elv''; Upper Sorbian, Upper and , ) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe. It rises in the Giant Mountains of the northern Czech Republic before traversing much of Bohemia (western half of the Czech Republic), then Ge ...

as well as lavish balls throughout the year. By 1868, the fraternity had adopted the tradition of academic fencing or ''"Mensur"'' challenges (back then "duels") with members of other proper fraternities and had changed its official name to ''Akademische Verbindung Polyhymnia'' (Academic Fraternity Polyhymnia). The motto "Litteris et amicitiae" (Science and Friendship) was adopted on June 25, 1880.Festschrift zur Feier des fünfzigjährigen Bestehens der freischlagenden Verbindung "Polyhymnia" an der Technischen Hochschule zu Dresden. Technische Hochschule Dresden, 1911. The fraternity's

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the last two being outer garments), originating in Europe. The coat of arms on an escutcheon f ...

was chosen in the same year, depicting the one-headed black eagle of the time of the German Empire (1871-1918) instead of the two-headed eagle at the time of the fraternity's foundation.

Influencing the development of the Technical Institute of Dresden

Dresden's main university, today's Technical University (short: TU) Dresden was founded in 1828 as one of the first technical institutes of the world, then called "Technical School of Saxony". After Saxony joined the newly formed German Empire in 1871, the institute was renamed the Royal Saxon Polytechnic Institute (Königlich-Sächsisches Polytechnikum). At this point in time, topics not connected with technology, such as history and languages, were introduced to the school curriculum. Several of Altsachsen's fraternity members were in high-ranking institute and government positions and had an influential role by lobbying Saxony's state government to recognize the technical institute as a higher education provider with polytechnical merits, which resulted in yet another name change to ''Königlich-Sächsischen Technischen Hochschule Dresden'' (Royal-Saxon Technical College of Dresden) in 1890.Corps Altsachsen: Hundert Jahre Corps Altsachsen. 1. Auflage. Köln 1961, S. 86. To honor the recognition of the educational institution, the fraternity established the ''academic principle'' (''akademische Prinzip''). This meant that every member could only become an alumnus after graduating with a higher academic degree and in good academic standing, an initiative by fraternity member and Honorary Senator Fritz Zeuner, son of the former president of the Poly-technical Institute Gustav Zeuner. They and others in the fraternity significantly influenced the college's course, eventually leading to the college's privilege to graduate students with doctoral degrees in 1900. Aside from traditional doctoral graduations, the university was also allowed to honor exceptional scientists and businessmen as honorary doctors; the first such honor was granted to Friedrich August Siemens. TU-Dresden-Georg-Schumann-Bau 2

Foundation of Franconia

During the late 1800s, fraternities began forming fraternity circles and umbrella organizations. Differences in opinion about tolerance and general politics led to the end of ''honorable greeting and fencing'' with certain types of fraternities, such as the Cheruscia Dresden in 1899. This led to problems trying to maintain a high level of fencing engagements among similar fraternities, which is why five of Polyhymnia's fraternity brothers founded the "fencing fraternity Franconia Dresden" ("Freischlagende Verbindung Franconia", later "Corps Franconia Dresden") in Juli of 1899. Monetary stimulus for the new fraternity was provided by Polyhymnia's alumni-organisation. Both "fencing fraternities", not yet Corps at that point, formed the Dresden Fraternity Cartel ("Dresdner Verbindungs-Cartell" D.V.C.) to rival and engage in regular social and fencing events.Michael Doeberl, Alfred Bienengräber: Das akademische Deutschland, Volume 2, C.A. Weller, 1931.

Joining the Weinheimer Senioren-Convent

To guarantee her members reliable means to fence with other fraternities of like principles, Polyhymnia joint the Weinheimer Senioren-Convent (WSC) in 1927 and was renamed Corps Altsachsen.Karlheinz Blaschke, Holger Starke, Uwe John: Geschichte der Stadt Dresden, Volume 3, Theiss Verlag, 2006, S. 182. The name change from ''Polyhymnia'' to ''Corps Altsachsen'' happened in compliance with WSC rules for fraternity names at that time. Likewise, most of the local fraternities merged to form similar umbrella organizations in the following years. From that point on, most of the social activity, such as eloquent balls as well as fencing engagements became limited to like-minded fraternities, the German Student Corps.

Suspension during times of the national socialist rule

Similar to other fraternities who encouraged their members to have their own free thought and will, members of the Corps Altsachsen felt the increasing pressure of national socialist surveillance as well as political pressure in the early 1930s. A similar-minded fraternity, ''Corps Makaria Dresden'', fused with the Corps Altsachsen in 1934, which strengthened bonds and numbers within the fraternity. Still, as political pressures in Nazi Germany had increased to dangerous levels for fraternities during the next years, Corps Altsachsen officially suspended activities in 1936. During the 1930s, eventually all corps abiding by a free democratic order did the same as their view of the world was in stark contrast to the so-called

Führerprinzip The (, ''Leader Principle'') was the basis of authority, executive authority in the government of Nazi Germany. It placed the Führer's word above all written law, and meant that Law of Nazi Germany, government policies, decisions, and officia ...

(Führer-principle), where one person governs essentially as dictator instead of relying on a democratic, consensus-based majority in a convent. Corps Altsachsen Winternacht

Post-war reconstitution and return to Dresden

After the war, the fraternity was reconstituted at the

University of Cologne The University of Cologne () is a university in Cologne, Germany. It was established in 1388. It closed in 1798 before being re-established in 1919. It is now one of the largest universities in Germany with around 45,187 students. The Universit ...

in 1950Universitätsführer. Universität zu Köln, Allgemeiner Studentenausschuss, 1972 and soon fused with the smaller ''Corps Gothia Dresden'' in 1953. Originally located in Köln-Lindenthal, Altsachsen soon moved to Köln-Marienburg, where it stayed until the

Iron Curtain The Iron Curtain was the political and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of World War II in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991. On the east side of the Iron Curtain were countries connected to the So ...

collapsed. During the Soviet dictatorship in East Germany, fraternities abiding by free will and common consensus were again not allowed to exist as they could not be controlled by the

Socialist Party Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of th ...

. Following Germany's reunification in 1989, the fraternity returned to Dresden in 1994 with the aid of the ''

Blaues Kartell The Blaues Kartell (English: Blue Cartel) is a circle of four German Student Corps or Studentenverbindung that view the union as "one fraternity spanning four cities". The member fraternities are Corps Altsachsen Dresden, Corps Berlin, Corps Ha ...

'', a circle of four like-minded fraternities that Altsachsen had joined in 1993. The ''Blaues Kartell'' today includes the

Corps Saxo-Thuringia München The Corps Saxo-Thuringia München is a fraternity (''Studentenverbindung'') in Munich, Germany, founded on March 15, 1882. It is one of 162 ''German Student Corps'' in Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, Latvia and Hungary today. The Corps is ...

Munich Munich is the capital and most populous city of Bavaria, Germany. As of 30 November 2024, its population was 1,604,384, making it the third-largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Munich is the largest city in Germany that is no ...

, Corps Hannoverania in

Hanover Hanover ( ; ; ) is the capital and largest city of the States of Germany, German state of Lower Saxony. Its population of 535,932 (2021) makes it the List of cities in Germany by population, 13th-largest city in Germany as well as the fourth-l ...

and Corps Berlin in

Berlin Berlin ( ; ) is the Capital of Germany, capital and largest city of Germany, by both area and List of cities in Germany by population, population. With 3.7 million inhabitants, it has the List of cities in the European Union by population withi ...

. In 1997, the Corps Altsachsen transitioned its headquarters to its newly remodeled fraternity house on Weissbachstreet 1, right in the middle of the

Campus A campus traditionally refers to the land and buildings of a college or university. This will often include libraries, lecture halls, student centers and, for residential universities, residence halls and dining halls. By extension, a corp ...

of the Dresden University of Technology, thereby reconnecting with its traditional roots.

Today

The fraternity is known for its strong commitment to the university and its rhetoric traditions as well as lavish social events. Among these are regular boat parties on Dresden's steam boats as well as traditional balls allowing the Corps brothers to enjoy

waltz The waltz ( , meaning "to roll or revolve") is a ballroom dance, ballroom and folk dance, in triple (3/4 time, time), performed primarily in closed position. Along with the ländler and allemande, the waltz was sometimes referred to by the ...

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

or many other forms of

ballroom dance Ballroom dance is a set of European partner dances, which are enjoyed both socially and competitively around the world, mostly because of its performance and entertainment aspects. Ballroom dancing is also widely enjoyed on stage, film, and te ...

.Webpage of the Corps Altsachsen - "Aktuelles" showing current events http://www.altsachsen.de Retrieved on Oct. 29, 2013. Many of these events are not limited to the region of Dresden, as there are several trips per year to other cities.

Relationships with other fraternities

Corps Altsachsen is a member of the ''

'', a circle of four German Student Corps that understand the union as "one fraternity spanning four cities" (Dresden, Munich, Hanover, and Berlin).
In chronological order. Links to the German Wikipedia are in process of being translated and currently indicated with ''"ge"''. *

in Munich * Corps Hannoverania Hannover ''"ge"''. * Corps Berlin

Notable members

In alphabetic order with links to the English Wikipedia on top. Links to the German Wikipedia are in process of being translated and currently indicated with ''"ge"''. * Hans Görges ge(1859–1946), President (''Rektor'') of the Technischen Hochschule Dresden 1914–1915, the predecessor of today's TU Dresden, as well as an influential physicist and professor for electrical engineering. * Walther Heise, highest-level government construction officer and construction manager for the Erich Müller-Building, the Jante Building and the Zeuner Building at the TU Dresden. * Heinrich Koch (1873–1945), highest-level government construction officer and construction manager for the Beyer-Building at the TU Dresden as well as the main building of Saxony's capital city archive in Dresden. * Martin Johann Krause, President (''Rektor'') of the Technischen Hochschule Dresden 1894–1896 and 1919–1920, the predecessor of today's TU Dresden. * Siegfried Meurer ge (1908–1997), engineer and inventor of the ''"Flüstermotor"'' (quiet diesel engine) as well as

honorary professor Honorary titles (professor, president, reader, lecturer) in academia may be conferred on persons in recognition of contributions by a non-employee or by an employee beyond regular duties. This practice primarily exists in the UK and Germany, as ...

at the Technical University RWTH Aachen. * Hermann Immanuel Rietschel ge (1847–1914), founder of the ''heating- and climate technology'' specialization in mechanical engineering in Germany. * Oskar August Reuther, President (''Rektor'') of the TH Dresden 1932–1934, the predecessor of today's TU Dresden. * Hermann Rietschel, President (''Rektor'') of the Technischen Hochschule Berlin 1893–1894, the predecessor of today's

TU Berlin Tu or TU may refer to: Language * Tu language * Tu (cuneiform), a cuneiform sign * ''tu'' or ''tú'' the 2nd-person singular subject pronoun in many languages; see personal pronoun * T–V distinction (from the Latin pronouns ''tu'' and ''vos'') ...

. * Malwin Roßberg, High-level government construction officer and construction manager for the Fritz Förster Building and the Walter-König Building at the TU Dresden. Carl wagner

* Freiherr Carl von Wagner ge (1843–1907), Main civil engineer overseeing the planning, design and construction of the

Isthmus of Tehuantepec The Isthmus of Tehuantepec () is an isthmus in Mexico. It represents the shortest distance between the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. Before the opening of the Panama Canal, it was a major overland transport route known simply as the T ...

railroad pass in Central America. * Fritz Zeuner, Honorary senator at the TH Dresden * Carl Zimmerer ge (1926–2001), International business consultant, honorary doctorate at the WHU - Otto Beisheim School of Management and member of the board of directors at the Agrippina Rückversicherungs AG.

Recipients of the Klinggraeff-Medal ()

The Klinggräff-Medal is awarded for the combination of extraordinary accomplishments in academia, involvement for the fraternity and proven leadership on local and, preferentially, national level.Stifterverien Alter Corpsstudenten e.V. "Die Preisträger der Klinggräff-Medaille" (Recipients of the Klinggraeff-Medal ) http://www.stifterverein.org/preistraeger Retrieved on Oct. 7, 2013. An average of ''five medals is awarded each year nation-wide'', chosen by a joint alumni committee of KSCV and WSC representatives. The award indirectly reflects back at the fraternity, showing leaders in their field among the fraternity's brothers. For more information see Klinggräff-Medaille ge at the Association of German Student Corps Alumni ge. Recipients of the Klinggraeff-Medal for the Corps Altsachsen are: * Dirk Steinebach (1993) * Manfred Franke (2009) * Anton Anthofer (2015)

Gallery

A small list of buildings in Dresden that were designed or constructed by members of the fraternity. Beyer-Bau totale.jpg, Beyer-Building at the TU Dresden. Dresden Rathaus 3.jpg, The ' (New City Hall), seen from the Georgplatz. Neustädter Markthalle Eingang.jpg, Dresden's ' (New Market Hall), portal seen from the Ritterstraße Fritz-Förster-Bau.jpg, Fritz-Förster-Building seen from the TU Dresden's campus' main street "Mommsenstraße". Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-19820-0001,_Dresden,_Technische_Hochschule,_Observatorium,_Beier-Bau.jpg, Jante-Building (right) with Beyer-Building (left) at the TU Dresden Dresden Staatsarchiv.jpg, Central State Archive of Dresden containing documents of the Kingdom and

Electorate of Saxony The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony ( or ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356 to 1806 initially centred on Wittenberg that came to include areas around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. It was a ...

Literature

Lees Knowles Sir Lees Knowles, 1st Baronet, (16 February 1857 – 7 October 1928) was a British barrister, military historian and Conservative politician. Early life Knowles was the son of John Knowles and Elizabeth Lees of Green Bank, Oldham, Lancashir ...

: ''A day with corps-students in Germany'' *Mark Twain describes his encounters with German corps students in chapters IV to VII of his travelogue ''

A Tramp Abroad ''A Tramp Abroad'' is a work of travel literature, including a mixture of autobiography and fictional events, by American author Mark Twain, published in 1880. The book details a journey by the author, with his friend Harris (a character created ...

''. Wikisource:A Tramp Abroad/IV *Mark Twain describes specifically the fencing scene in ''A Tramp Abroad''. Wikisource:A Tramp Abroad/V *Secondary web source of Mark Twain's descriptions of his encounters with German corps students in chapters IV to VII of his travelogue ''A Tramp Abroad''. * * * Paulgerhard Gladen: ''Die Kösener und Weinheimer Corps. Ihre Darstellung in Einzelchroniken''. WJK-Verlag, Hilden 2007, , S. 91–92. * Hans Schüler: ''Weinheimer S.C.-Chronik'', Darmstadt 1927, S. 434-454 * Michael Doeberl u. a. (Hrsg.): ''Das akademische Deutschland'', Band 2: ''Die deutschen Hochschulen und ihre akademischen Bürger'', Berlin 1931, S. 735 * Rolf-Joachim Baum: ''"Wir wollen Männer, wir wollen Taten!" – Deutsche Corpsstudenten 1848 bis heute''. Berlin 1998, S. 7–12. * * Paulgerhard Gladen: ''Geschichte der studentischen Korporationsverbände'', Band 1, S. 53, Würzburg 1981 Paulgerhard Gladen: ''Geschichte der studentischen Korporationsverbände'', Band 1, S. 53, Würzburg 1981 *

References

External links

* {{Europe topic, Education in Weinheimer Senioren-Convent 1861 establishments in the German Confederation Rhetoric TU Dresden alumni Tourist attractions in Dresden Student societies in Germany Academic culture Swordsmanship TU Dresden Philosophy of education Student organizations established in 1861