Coronie is a district of

Suriname Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname, is a country in northern South America, also considered as part of the Caribbean and the West Indies. It is a developing country with a Human Development Index, high level of human development; i ...

, situated on the

coast A coast (coastline, shoreline, seashore) is the land next to the sea or the line that forms the boundary between the land and the ocean or a lake. Coasts are influenced by the topography of the surrounding landscape and by aquatic erosion, su ...

. Coronie's

capital city A capital city, or just capital, is the municipality holding primary status in a country, state (polity), state, province, department (administrative division), department, or other administrative division, subnational division, usually as its ...

is Totness. The district border the

Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's five borders of the oceans, oceanic divisions, with an area of about . It covers approximately 17% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface and about 24% of its water surface area. During the ...

to the north, the Surinamese district of Saramacca to the east, the Surinamese district of Sipaliwini to the south and the Surinamese district of Nickerie to the west. The district is served by the Totness Airstrip. The district has a population of 3,391 and an area of 3,902 km², making it the least-populated district of Suriname.

History

The first plantations were established from 1808 onwards by

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Culture, language and peoples * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England * ''English'', an Amish ter ...

and

Scottish Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including: *Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland *Scottish English *Scottish national identity, the Scottish ide ...

colonists. Coronie became an independent district in 1851. The oldest plantation in the district is Burnside. Coronie was isolated and it was not until the 1940s, that a road was built linking Totness with

Paramaribo Paramaribo ( , , ) is the capital city, capital and largest city of Suriname, located on the banks of the Suriname River in the Paramaribo District. Paramaribo has a population of roughly 241,000 people (2012 census), almost half of Suriname's p ...

, which is nowadays part of the East-West Link. In September 1965, four

sounding rocket A sounding rocket or rocketsonde, sometimes called a research rocket or a suborbital rocket, is an instrument-carrying rocket designed to take measurements and perform scientific experiments during its sub-orbital flight. The rockets are often ...

s of Apache type with a maximum altitude of 205 km were launched. The rockets were launched as part as an investigation into the workings of the

jet stream Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow thermal wind, air currents in the Earth's Atmosphere of Earth, atmosphere. The main jet streams are located near the altitude of the tropopause and are westerly winds, flowing west to east around the gl ...

. The project was carried out by

University of Utrecht Utrecht University (UU; , formerly ''Rijksuniversiteit Utrecht'') is a public research university in Utrecht, Netherlands. Established , it is one of the oldest universities in the Netherlands. In 2023, it had an enrollment of 39,769 students, a ...

and

Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute The Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (, ; KNMI) is the Dutch national weather forecasting service, which has its headquarters in De Bilt, in the province of Utrecht, central Netherlands. The primary tasks of KNMI are weather forecasting ...

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the federal government of the United States, US federal government responsible for the United States ...

provided the rockets. Totness has been designated as a regional centre in the beginning of the 21st century, and is planned to be upgrade with a medium-sized

hotel A hotel is an establishment that provides paid lodging on a short-term basis. Facilities provided inside a hotel room may range from a modest-quality mattress in a small room to large suites with bigger, higher-quality beds, a dresser, a re ...

and a proper city centre. The area from Clyde to Burnside has no electricity, or telephone.

Economy

Coronie, as with most of Suriname, relies mostly upon

agriculture Agriculture encompasses crop and livestock production, aquaculture, and forestry for food and non-food products. Agriculture was a key factor in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created ...

for both its income and its food supply. The coastal environment made it a suitable are for

coconut The coconut tree (''Cocos nucifera'') is a member of the palm tree family (biology), family (Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus ''Cocos''. The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut") can refer to the whole coconut palm, ...

and

rice Rice is a cereal grain and in its Domestication, domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa. Rice is the seed of the grass species ''Oryza sativa'' (Asian rice)—or, much l ...

plantation Plantations are farms specializing in cash crops, usually mainly planting a single crop, with perhaps ancillary areas for vegetables for eating and so on. Plantations, centered on a plantation house, grow crops including cotton, cannabis, tob ...

s. In the late 20th century,

became a major agricultural crop. The rice fields are suited in the south and along the East-West Link. The flat and muddy coast with shallow waters prevented the construction of major harbors and large ships had to anchor miles off shores and transfer their passengers and cargo to little boats.

Resorts

Coronie is divided into 3 resorts (''ressorten''): *

Johanna Maria Johanna Maria is a town and resort in Suriname, located in the Coronie District. Its population at the 2012 census was 648. The town is named the cotton plantation Johanna Maria founded in 1801 which was owned by Johanna Maria Christina van Onna f ...

* Totness * Welgelegen

Villages

Other villages in Coronie are: *

Friendship Friendship is a Interpersonal relationship, relationship of mutual affection between people. It is a stronger form of interpersonal bond than an "acquaintance" or an "association", such as a classmate, neighbor, coworker, or colleague. Althoug ...

Jenny Jenny may refer to: * Jenny (given name), a popular feminine name and list of real and fictional people * Jenny (surname), a family name Animals * Jenny (donkey), a female donkey * Jenny (elephant), a female elephant in the German Army in Worl ...

* Mary's Hope

Nature reserves

Coronie is home to three protected areas. The Peruvia Nature Reserve which was established in 1986 and covers 31,000

hectares The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, square metres (), and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. A ...

, the Bigi Pan nature reserve which was established in 1987 and covers 67,000 hectares, and the protected area which was established in 1987 and covers 27,200 hectares.

References

External links

Coronie.eu
(in Dutch) {{Authority control Districts of Suriname