Coromandel (1793 Ship)
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''Coromandel'' was the French
prize A prize is an award to be given to a person or a group of people (such as sporting teams and organizations) to recognize and reward their actions and achievements.
''Modeste'', captured in 1793 and refitted at
Chittagong Chittagong ( ), officially Chattogram, (, ) (, or ) is the second-largest city in Bangladesh. Home to the Port of Chittagong, it is the busiest port in Bangladesh and the Bay of Bengal. The city is also the business capital of Bangladesh. It ...
, British India (now Bangladesh). She made two voyages transporting
convict A convict is "a person found guilty of a crime and sentenced by a court" or "a person serving a sentence in prison". Convicts are often also known as "prisoners" or "inmates" or by the slang term "con", while a common label for former convicts ...
s to
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, the first for the British
East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company that was founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to Indian Ocean trade, trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (South A ...
(EIC). A French privateer captured her in 1805, but she had returned to British hands before 1809. An American privateer captured her in 1814, but this time the British
Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the naval warfare force of the United Kingdom. It is a component of His Majesty's Naval Service, and its officers hold their commissions from the King of the United Kingdom, King. Although warships were used by Kingdom ...
recaptured her within days. She foundered in Indian waters on 6 February 1821.


Career

''Coromandel'' first appeared in ''
Lloyd's Register Lloyd's Register Group Limited, trading as Lloyd's Register (LR), is a technical and professional services organisation and a maritime classification society, wholly owned by the Lloyd’s Register Foundation, a UK charity dedicated to research ...
'' (''LR'') in 1800 with A. Sterling, master, Reeve & Co., owners, and trade London–
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(CGH).''LR'' (1800), Seq.№621.
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Convict transport

On her first voyage transporting convicts, under the command of Alex Sterling (or Stirling), she sailed from
Portsmouth Portsmouth ( ) is a port city status in the United Kingdom, city and unitary authority in Hampshire, England. Most of Portsmouth is located on Portsea Island, off the south coast of England in the Solent, making Portsmouth the only city in En ...
, England on 8 February 1802, and
Spithead Spithead is an eastern area of the Solent and a roadstead for vessels off Gilkicker Point in Hampshire, England. It is protected from all winds except those from the southeast, with the Isle of Wight lying to the south-west. Spithead and the ch ...
, on 12 February, in company with, and arrived at Port Jackson on 13 June 1802. ''Coromandel'' transported 138 male convicts, one of whom died on the voyage. ''Coromandel'' left Port Jackson on 22 July bound for China. On the way she sighted the islands of Nama,
Losap Losap is an atoll located in the Eastern Islands or Upper Mortlock Islands group in the outer islands region of the state of Chuuk in the Federated States of Micronesia. It is located to the SE of Chuuk. Losap is also the name of one of the fou ...
, Murilo, and
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in the area of Truk. She arrived at
Whampoa anchorage Pazhou is a subdistrict of Haizhu in southeastern Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, in China. , formerly Whampoa Island, has a total area of and is the site of Pazhou Pagoda. Its eastern bay was formerly the chief anchorage for ships parti ...
on 17 September. From there she sailed to "Capshee Bay", which she reached on 12 October, before she returned to Whampoa on 21 November. She left in company with , and on 5 January 1803, ''Coromandel'' was at Lintin Island. From there she sailed to
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, which she reached on 17 April, and then on to Long Reach, arriving back in Britain on 14 June. The ''LR'' for 1803 showed her master as changing from Sterling to Robinson. It reported that she had damages repaired in 1802, and that her trade was London–Botany Bay. On her second voyage, she was under the command of John Robinson. The
Napoleonic Wars {{Infobox military conflict , conflict = Napoleonic Wars , partof = the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars , image = Napoleonic Wars (revision).jpg , caption = Left to right, top to bottom:Battl ...
had commenced so Robinson applied for and received a
letter of marque A letter of marque and reprisal () was a Sovereign state, government license in the Age of Sail that authorized a private person, known as a privateer or French corsairs, corsair, to attack and capture vessels of a foreign state at war with t ...
on 16 September 1803. ''Coromandel'' sailed from England on 4 December 1803, with 200 male convicts, and 32 officers and men of the
New South Wales Corps The New South Wales Corps, later known as the 102d Regiment of Foot, and lastly as the 100th Regiment of Foot, was a formation of the British Army organised in 1789 in England to relieve the New South Wales Marine Corps, which had accompanied ...
, who provided the guards. She left in company with . While sailing in the
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''Experiment'' suffered damage during a gale and had to limp back to
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for repairs. Robinson died off St. Salvador, and George Blakely took over command. ''Coromandel'' arrived at Port Jackson on 7 May 1804. No convicts died during the voyage. ''Coromandel'' left Port Jackson on 10 July bound for China.


French capture

The French privateer captured ''Coromandel'' on 15 March 1805, as she was sailing from China to London, and sent her into
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. The EIC put the value of the cargo lost when the French captured her at £35,768. By 1809, ''Coromandel'' was back in British hands with William Linton, master, and W. Gordon, owner. The question of how she returned to British control and ownership is currently obscure. For the invasions of
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and
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(Mauritius) in 1810-1811 the British government hired a number of transport vessels. ''Coromandel'' was among them. ''Coromandel'', Hogue, Davidson, & Co., owners, appeared on a list of vessels registered at Calcutta in January 1811.


Misadventures

There was a ''Coromandel'' that was reported to have been totally lost in the Carimata Passage, together with ''Abercrombie'', the first coming from Bengal bound for Batavia and the second from
Bombay Mumbai ( ; ), also known as Bombay ( ; its official name until 1995), is the capital city of the Indian States and union territories of India, state of Maharashtra. Mumbai is the financial centre, financial capital and the list of cities i ...
to China. Apparently ''Coromandel'' was badly stranded in the Karimata Passage in 1812, but salved and repaired.


American capture

The next notable event occurred on 2 August 1814. The American privateer schooner ''York'' (or ''Yorktown''), captured ''Coromandel'', a "country ship" of 500 tons (bm), as she was sailing from Batavia to London. ''Lloyd's List'' reported that ''Coromandel'', Cameron, master, from St Helena, was missing from "the Fleet" on 13 August. recaptured ''Coromandel'' on the 12th. ''Coromandel'' arrived at Plymouth on 16 August 1814.


Ongoing service

On 12 January 1816 ''Coromandel'' stopped at the Cape on her way to Madras and Bengal; she was still under Cameron's command. What connects this ''Coromandel'' with that of the voyages to Australia is that a ''Coromandel'' appeared in the ''Lloyd's Register'' (''LR'') for 1818 and 1819. ''LR'' described her as a teak-built vessel of 503 tons (bm), launched in 1793 in the East Indies. Her master was "A. Cameron", her owner was "Campbell", and her trade was London to India.


Fate

''Coromandel'' foundered on 6 February 1821. ''Coromandel'', W. Butler, master, was sailing for Malacca when her crew had to abandon her off the coast of Borneo as she was in a sinking state. The crew took to three boats and all were saved. Butler and 39 officers and men arrived at "Kemanlie", the second boat with an officer and 12 men arrived at Sourabaya, and the third boat arrived at
Samarang Semarang ( Javanese: , ''Kutha Semarang'') is the capital and largest city of Central Java province in Indonesia. It was a major port during the Dutch colonial era, and is still an important regional center and port today. The city has been na ...
.''The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and ...,'' (September 1821), Vol. 12, p.308.


Notes


Citations


References

* * * * * *''Reports and Papers on the Impolicy of Employing Indian Built Ships in the Trade of the East-India Company, and of Admitting Them to British Registry: With Observation on Its Injurious Consequences to the Landed and Shipping Interests, and to the Numerous Branches of Trade Dependent on the Building and Equipment of British-built Ships''. (1809). (London:Blacks and Parry). {{1821 shipwrecks 1790s ships Convict ships to New South Wales Ships of the British East India Company Age of Sail merchant ships Merchant ships of the United Kingdom Captured ships Maritime incidents in February 1821