The ''Cormorant''-class gunvessels (sometimes known as ''Eclipse''-class gunvessels) were a class of 4-gun first-class

gunvessel A gunboat is a naval watercraft designed for the express purpose of carrying one or more guns to bombard coastal targets, as opposed to those military craft designed for naval warfare, or for ferrying troops or supplies. History Pre-steam ...

s built for the Royal Navy in the 1860s. They were somewhat unsuccessful; intended for shore bombardment in shallow water, they exceeded their design draft by 50%. Seven of the 13 ships ordered were suspended, with 3 finished or converted as survey ships and the other 4 cancelled. ''Racehorse'' was wrecked after only 4 years, and those ships that were completed as planned had short operational lives, in some cases less than 10 years. The survey vessels (''Myrmidon'', ''Sylvia'' and ''Nassau'') lasted longest, with the last ship of the class, ''Sylvia'', being broken up in 1890.

Design

Propulsion

The first 6 ships had a 2-cylinder horizontal single-expansion steam engine provided by

Robert Napier and Sons Messrs Robert Napier and Sons was a famous firm of Clyde shipbuilders and marine engineers at Govan, Glasgow founded by Robert Napier in 1826. It was moved to Govan for more space in 1841. His sons James and John were taken into partnership in ...

and rated at 200 horsepower#Nominal horsepower, nominal horsepower, driving a single screw. On trials these units developed between and , giving speeds of about . ''Sylvia'' and ''Nassau'' were completed as survey ships and were powered by 150 nhp Humphrys, Tennant and Dykes, Humphreys and Tennant engines. ''Myrmidon'' received a more powerful 200 nhp Humphreys and Tennant engine.

Armament

The main armament, which was principally intended for shore bombardment, was originally designed with two 68-pounder gun, 68-pounder and two 32-pounder muzzle-loading smoothbore guns. They were finished, however, with a single RBL 7 inch Armstrong gun, 7-inch/110-pounder Armstrong breech-loading gun and a 68-pounder gun, 68-pounder muzzle-loading smoothbore gun. A pair of broadside RBL 20 pounder Armstrong gun, 20-pounder Armstrong breech-loading guns were also fitted. The 68-pounders were later replaced by a pair of 64-pounder muzzle-loading rifled guns.

Sail plan

In common with all other Royal Navy wooden screw gunvessels, the ''Cormorant''s were rigged as barques, that is with three masts, with the fore and main masts square rigged, and the mizzen fore-and-aft rigged.

Construction

The first 6 ships were ordered from commercial yards (Money Wigram & Sons, Thames Ironworks and Shipbuilding Company, C J Mare & Co and Millwall Iron Works, J Scott Russell), with fitting out to be done in the Royal Dockyards at Chatham (first pair) and Woolwich (last 4). A further batch of 4 ships (''Sylvia'' - ''Myrmidon'') were ordered on 5 March 1860 and another batch of 3 (''Pegasus'' - ''Guernsey'') on 25 March 1862. The first completed ships had a draught of , exceeding the intended by a considerable margin. Since gunvessels were intended to work in shallow water while bombarding the shore, work on the later two batches was suspended. ''Sylvia'', ''Nassau'' and ''Myrmidon'' were suspended in 1862 or 1863, but were resumed, with ''Sylvia'' and ''Nassau'' being finished as survey vessels. ''Tartarus'' was broken up on the slipway in 1865, having cost £6,268 and work to ''Pegasus'' cost only £339. ''Guernsey'' was never laid down.

Ships

References and sources

;References ;Sources *Bastock, John (1988), ''Ships on the Australia Station'', Child & Associates Publishing Pty Ltd; Frenchs Forest, Australia. * * {{Cormorant class gunvessel 1860s ships Gunvessels of the Royal Navy Victorian-era gunboats of the United Kingdom Cormorant-class gunvessels,