Cordaicarpus
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''Cordaicarpus'' is a
form genus Form classification is the classification of organisms based on their morphology, which does not necessarily reflect their biological relationships. Form classification, generally restricted to palaeontology, reflects uncertainty; the goal of sc ...
named by ''Geinitz'' (1862) and redefined by ''Seward'' (1917) to avoid confusion with another
genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
and to establish that the genus refers only
seed In botany, a seed is a plant structure containing an embryo and stored nutrients in a protective coat called a ''testa''. More generally, the term "seed" means anything that can be Sowing, sown, which may include seed and husk or tuber. Seeds ...
s. ''Seward'' defined the differences between ''Cordaicarpus'' and ''
Samaropsis ''Samaropsis'' is a form genus named by Goeppert in 1864. Later Sewart (1917) redefined the taxon to refer only to the seeds. Location In Brazil, the fossil species ''S. gigas'', ''S. kurtzii'', ''S. millaniana'', ''S. rigbyi'' and ''S. seixasi' ...
''.


Location

In
Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...
, the fossil species ''C. brasilianus'', ''C. fanatinensis'', and ''C. truncata'' are located in
outcrop An outcrop or rocky outcrop is a visible exposure of bedrock or ancient superficial deposits on the surface of the Earth and other terrestrial planets. Features Outcrops do not cover the majority of the Earth's land surface because in most p ...
''Morro Papaléo'' in the city of
Mariana Pimentel Mariana Pimentel is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It is located approximately 75 km from the state's capital, Porto Alegre. Geography Mariana Pimentel belongs to Porto Alegre Metropolitan Mesoregion and to Porto ...
. The species ''C. cerronegrensisi'' was located in outcrop ''Mina Faxinal'' in the city of Arroio dos Ratos. They are in geopark Paleorrota in
Rio Bonito Formation The Rio Bonito Formation is a geological formation of the Paraná and Pelotas Basins of Permian age. It is represented by a succession of cyclic sedimentary packages of sandstones, siltstones and shales which bear extensive deposits of coal that ...
and date from the
Sakmarian In the geologic timescale, the Sakmarian is an age or stage of the Permian period. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch or Series. The Sakmarian lasted between 293.52 and million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Asselian and fo ...
stage of the
Permian Period The Permian ( ) is a geologic period and System (stratigraphy), stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years, from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.902 Mya. It is the s ...
.


References

Prehistoric gymnosperm genera Conifer genera Cordaitales {{paleo-conifer-stub