''Coprinellus'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing Sporocarp (fungi), fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground on soil or another food source. ''Toadstool'' generally refers to a poisonous mushroom. The standard for the n ...

-forming

fungi A fungus (: fungi , , , or ; or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and mold (fungus), molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as one ...

in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Psathyrellaceae The Psathyrellaceae are a family of dark-spored agarics that generally have rather soft, fragile fruiting bodies, and are characterized by black, dark brown, rarely reddish, or even pastel-colored spore prints. About 50% of species produce frui ...

. The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, a circumscribed circle for a set of points is a circle passing through each of them. Such a circle is said to ''circumscribe'' the points or a polygon formed from them; such a polygon is said to be ''inscribed'' in the circle. * Circum ...

by the Finnish mycologist

Petter Adolf Karsten Petter Adolf Karsten (16 February 1834 – 22 March 1917) was a Finland, Finnish mycology, mycologist, the foremost expert on the fungi of Finland in his day, and known in consequence as the "father of Finnish mycology". Karsten was born in Merim ...

in 1879. Most ''Coprinellus'' species were transferred from the once large genus ''

Coprinus ''Coprinus'' is a small genus of mushroom-forming fungi consisting of '' Coprinus comatus''the shaggy ink cap (British) or shaggy mane ( American)and several of its close relatives. Until 2001, ''Coprinus'' was a large genus consisting of all a ...

''.

Molecular A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions that satisfy this criterion. In quantum physics, organic chemistry, ...

studies published in 2001 redistributed ''Coprinus'' species to ''

Psathyrella ''Psathyrella'' is a large genus of about 400 species, and is similar to the genera ''Coprinellus'', ''Coprinopsis'', ''Coprinus'' and ''Panaeolus'', usually with a thin pileus (mycology), cap and white or yellowish white hollow stipe (mycology), ...

'', or the segregate genera ''

Coprinopsis ''Coprinopsis'' is a genus of mushrooms in the family (biology), family Psathyrellaceae.' ''Coprinopsis'' was split out of the genus ''Coprinus'' based on molecular phylogenetics, molecular data. The species ''Coprinopsis cinerea'' is a model org ...

'' and ''Coprinellus''. In 2020,

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ...

analysis conducted by the German mycologists

Dieter Wächter Dieter or dieter may refer to: * A person committed to dieting People Dieter is a German given name, a short form of Dietrich, from ''theod+ric'' "people ruler", see Theodoric. Rarely, it is a German form of the given name Theodore. Given ...

Andreas Melzer Andreas () is a name derived from the Greek noun ἀνήρ ''anēr'', with genitive ἀνδρός ''andros'', which means "man". See the article on Andrew for more information. The Scandinavian name is earliest attested as antreos in a runestone ...

reclassified many ''Coprinellus'' species as belonging to the new genus ''

Tulosesus ''Tulosesus'' is a genus of fungi in the family Psathyrellaceae. Taxonomy The ''Tulosesus'' genus was created in 2020 by the German mycologists Dieter Wächter & Andreas Melzer when the Psathyrellaceae family was subdivided based on phylogene ...

''.

Species

Index Fungorum ''Index Fungorum'' is an international project to index all formal names (scientific names) in the fungus kingdom. As of 2015, the project is based at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, one of three partners along with Landcare Research and th ...

accepted 62 species of ''Coprinellus''. In recent years many species were added to the genus having mostly been moved from ''

'' whilst numerous species were removed and placed in the genus ''

'' in 2020. One species was moved to the monotypic genus ''

Punjabia ''Punjabia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Psathyrellaceae. The genus is monotypic and contains the single species ''Punjabia pakistanicus'' which was previously classified as ''Coprinellus pakistanicus.'' Taxonomy The ''Punjabia'' genus ...

.'' The total number of accepted species has not changed greatly from the 66 in 2019, however many species have been moved. Due to the significant changes to this genus recently many old synonyms are likely to still be in use. Many of these species appear similar and require microscopic analysis to differentiate and identify.

Former Species

These species were reclassified as ''

'' in 2020.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1073442 Agaricales genera Taxa named by Petter Adolf Karsten Taxa described in 1879

Species

Former Species

See also

References