The coppery-chested jacamar (''Galbula pastazae'') is a species of

bird Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class (biology), class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the Oviparity, laying of Eggshell, hard-shelled eggs, a high Metabolism, metabolic rate, a fou ...

in the family

Galbulidae The jacamars are a family, Galbulidae, of birds from tropical South and Central America, extending up to Mexico. The family contains five genera and 18 species. The family is closely related to the puffbirds, another Neotropical The Neotro ...

. It is found in

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

and

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

.Schulenberg, T. S. and G. M. Kirwan (2020). Coppery-chested Jacamar (''Galbula pastazae''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (T. S. Schulenberg, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.cocjac2.01 retrieved May 10, 2021

Taxonomy and systematics

The coppery-chested jacamar is

monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...

. It and the rufous-tailed (''Galbula ruficauda''), white-chinned (''G. tombacea''), bluish-fronted (''G. cyanescens''), and

green-tailed jacamar The green-tailed jacamar (''Galbula galbula'') is a species of bird in the family Galbulidae. It is native to Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.Tobias, J., T. Züchner, and T.A. de Melo Júnior (2020). Green-taile ...

s (''G. glabula'') are considered to form a

superspecies In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...

.Remsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, J. F. Pacheco, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 19 January 2021. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved January 19, 2021

Description

The coppery-chested jacamar is long and weighs approximately . The male's crown is metallic green with a blue gloss. The rest of the upper parts are metallic bronzy green. The throat and breast are shiny green and the belly and vent area are dark rufous. The female is similar except that the chin and throat are dark rufous.

Distribution and habitat

The coppery-chested jacamar is effectively

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found only in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also foun ...

to Ecuador, though there are records from a single site in each of far southern Colombia and far northern Peru. It is found on the east slope of the

Andes The Andes ( ), Andes Mountains or Andean Mountain Range (; ) are the List of longest mountain chains on Earth, longest continental mountain range in the world, forming a continuous highland along the western edge of South America. The range ...

between approximately in Ecuador. The Colombia record, at El Carmen, Nariño Department, was at and the Peru record, on the upper Comaina River,

Amazonas Department Amazonas Department may refer to: * Amazonas (Colombian department), the Colombian department of Amazonas * Amazonas (Peruvian department), the Peruvian department of Amazonas * Department of Amazonas (Peru–Bolivian Confederation), the department ...

, was at . The coppery-chested jacamar inhabits humid

montane forest Montane ecosystems are found on the slopes of mountains. The alpine climate in these regions strongly affects the ecosystem because temperatures lapse rate, fall as elevation increases, causing the ecosystem to stratify. This stratification is ...

. It is a bird of the understory, being found along forest edges, along watercourses, and at tree falls and landslides that provide openings.

Behavior

Feeding

The coppery-chested jacamar is

insectivorous A robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant which eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can also refer to the human practice of eating insects. The first vertebrate insectivores we ...

but few details of its diet or feeding methods are known.

Breeding

One known nest of the coppery-chested jacamar was a burrow in an earth bank. Little else has been documented about its breeding.

Vocalization

The coppery-chested jacamar's song is "a rising series of ''wee notes'', sometimes ending in a descending rattle

Its call is "a ''weet'' note, singly or in a series

Status

The

IUCN The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources. Founded in 1948, IUCN has become the global authority on the status ...

has assessed the coppery-chested jacamar as

least concern A least-concern species is a species that has been evaluated and categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as not being a focus of wildlife conservation because the specific species is still plentiful in the wil ...

. It is uncommon and its population is believed to be decreasing in parallel with forest destruction.

References

External links

BirdLife Species Factsheet.
{{Taxonbar, from=Q534082 coppery-chested jacamar Birds of the Ecuadorian Andes coppery-chested jacamar coppery-chested jacamar Taxonomy articles created by Polbot