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Coppa Nevigata is an archaeological site in the
province of Foggia The province of Foggia (, ; Neapolitan language, Foggiano: ) is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Regions of Italy, Italian region Apulia. This province is also known as Daunia, after the Daunians, an Iapygians, Iapygian pre-Roman tribe livi ...
, southern
Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...
, southwest of
Manfredonia Manfredonia () is a town and Comune, commune of Apulia, Italy, in the province of Foggia, from which it is northeast by rail. Manfredonia is situated on the coast, facing east, to the south of Monte Gargano, and gives its name to the Gulf of Manf ...
, on the
Apulia Apulia ( ), also known by its Italian language, Italian name Puglia (), is a Regions of Italy, region of Italy, located in the Southern Italy, southern peninsular section of the country, bordering the Adriatic Sea to the east, the Strait of Ot ...
n coast of the
Gargano Gargano () is a historical and geographical sub-region in the province of Foggia, Apulia, southeast Italy, consisting of a wide isolated mountain massif made of highland and several peaks and forming the backbone of a promontory projecting into ...
peninsula. The earliest recorded human presence on the site, which was situated on the edge of a coastal
lagoon A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by a narrow landform, such as reefs, barrier islands, barrier peninsulas, or isthmuses. Lagoons are commonly divided into ''coastal lagoons'' (or ''barrier lagoons'') an ...
, with easy access to the sea and numerous natural resources, dates back to the
Neolithic The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Ancient Greek, Greek 'new' and 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Mesopotamia, Asia, Europe and Africa (c. 10,000 BCE to c. 2,000 BCE). It saw the Neolithic Revo ...
, between the 7th and 5th millennia BC. At a later date, a settlement of the final Neolithic period continued into the Bronze Age; occupation at the site is attested for the Protoapennine, Apennine, and Subapennine phases of the Italian Bronze Age. During the Bronze Age, a significant settlement arose that had contacts with the civilizations of the Aegean; these contacts are most visible during the Subapennine phase, when fragments of Mycenaean ceramics are found at the site. From the beginning of the Protoapennine phase, there is evidence for the extraction of purple dye from
murex ''Murex'' is a genus of medium to large sized predatory tropical sea snails. These are carnivorous marine gastropod molluscs in the family Muricidae, commonly called "murexes" or "rock snails".Houart, R.; Gofas, S. (2010). Murex Linnaeus, 1 ...
shells and for pressing of olives to extract
olive oil Olive oil is a vegetable oil obtained by pressing whole olives (the fruit of ''Olea europaea'', a traditional Tree fruit, tree crop of the Mediterranean Basin) and extracting the oil. It is commonly used in cooking for frying foods, as a cond ...
. The purple dye production, starting around 1800 BC, is the earliest yet attested in Italy. This dye production increased through the 14th century BC, but sharply dropped off by the 12th century in the Subapennine phase. Some areas near the fortifications and on the shore of the lagoon were dedicated both to the processing and storage of
cereals A cereal is a grass cultivated for its edible grain. Cereals are the world's largest crops, and are therefore staple foods. They include rice, wheat, rye, oats, barley, millet, and maize (Corn). Edible grains from other plant families, suc ...
and to the extraction of purple dye; these activities were later moved within the settlement. The site was defended by
dry stone Dry stone, sometimes called drystack or, in Scotland, drystane, is a building method by which structures are constructed from stones without any mortar to bind them together. A certain amount of binding is obtained through the use of carefully ...
fortification walls. The site is currently under periodic excavation by a team from
Sapienza University of Rome The Sapienza University of Rome (), formally the Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", abbreviated simply as Sapienza ('Wisdom'), is a Public university, public research university located in Rome, Italy. It was founded in 1303 and is ...
, under the direction of Alberto Cazzella.


Bibliography

* P. Boccuccia, "Ricerche nell'area sud-orientale di Coppa Nevigata," in ''Taras,'' 15 (1995), pp. 153–174. * S.M. Cassano, A. Cazzella, A. Manfredini, M. Moscoloni (eds.), ''Coppa Nevigata e il suo territorio'', Rome 1987. * A. Cazzella, "L'insediamento di Coppa Nevigata fra tarda età del Bronzo ed età del Ferro," in ''Archeologia Classica'', 43 (1991), pp. 39–53. * A. Cazzella, "La Puglia come area periferica del mondo miceneo: il caso di Coppa Nevigata," in ''Atti del II Convegno Internazionale di Studi Micenei'', Rome-Naples 1996, pp. 1543–1549. * A. Cazzella, M. Moscoloni, "La sequenza cronostratigrafica di Coppa Nevigata fra XVI e XIV secolo a.C.," in ''Rassegna di Archeologia'', 10 (1992), pp. 533–543. * G. Siracusano, "Le indagini archeozoologiche nel sito stratificato di Coppa Nevigata: una visione d'insieme," in ''Origini'', 15 (1992), pp. 201–217


External links


"Coppa Nevigata - Testimonianze archeologiche dal VII al II millennio avanti Cristo"
*Cazzella, Alberto & Maurizio Moscoloni. 1998. "Coppa Nevigata: un insediamento fortificato dell'eta del Bronzo," in Luciana Drago Troccoli (ed.), ''Scavi e ricerche archeologiche dell'Università di Roma La Sapienza''
pp. 178-183
*Cazzella, Alberto ''et al''. 2004. "L’insediamento dell’età del Bronzo di Coppa Nevigata (Foggia) e la più antica attestazione della produzione della porpora in Italia," ''Preistoria Alpina'' Supplement 1, v. 40
pp. 177-182.
''This article contains material translated from the equivalent article in the Italian Wikipedia.'' {{Coord, 41.5581, N, 15.8339, E, source:wikidata, display=title Geography of Apulia Archaeological sites in Apulia Prehistoric sites in Italy Province of Foggia Neolithic sites of Europe Bronze Age sites in Europe