The Convention of Saint-Cloud was a military convention signed on 3 July 1815 by which the French army under
Marshal Davout
Louis-Nicolas d'Avout (; 10 May 1770 – 1 June 1823), better known as Davout, 1st Prince of Eckmühl, 1st Duke of Auerstaedt, was a French military commander and Marshal of the Empire who served during both the French Revolutionary Wars and t ...
surrendered
Paris
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of France. With an estimated population of 2,048,472 residents in January 2025 in an area of more than , Paris is the List of ci ...
to the armies of
Prince Blücher
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The fem ...
and the
Duke of Wellington
Duke is a male title either of a monarch ruling over a duchy, or of a member of royalty, or nobility. As rulers, dukes are ranked below emperors, kings, grand princes, grand dukes, and above sovereign princes. As royalty or nobility, they ar ...
, ending the hostilities of the
Hundred Days
The Hundred Days ( ), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition (), marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII o ...
. The agreement was signed at
Saint-Cloud
Saint-Cloud () is a French commune in the western suburbs of Paris, France, from the centre of Paris. Like other communes of Hauts-de-Seine such as Marnes-la-Coquette, Neuilly-sur-Seine and Vaucresson, Saint-Cloud is one of France's wealthie ...
, a suburb of Paris.
Under the terms of the convention, the commander of the French army, "Marshal Prince of Eckmühl" (better known as Marshal Davout) surrendered Paris to the two allied armies of the
Seventh Coalition
The Hundred Days ( ), also known as the War of the Seventh Coalition (), marked the period between Napoleon's return from eleven months of exile on the island of Elba to Paris on20 March 1815 and the second restoration of King Louis XVIII o ...
and agreed to move the French army well away from Paris, to south of the
Loire
The Loire ( , , ; ; ; ; ) is the longest river in France and the 171st longest in the world. With a length of , it drains , more than a fifth of France's land, while its average discharge is only half that of the Rhône.
It rises in the so ...
. In return, the allies promised to respect the rights and property of the local government, French civilians and members of the French armed forces.
The French delegates who signed the treaty were:
*
Louis Bignon
Louis Bignon (26 June 1816 – 18 May 1906) was a famous French chef whose Café Riche became the most fashionable in Paris. He was also a noted agriculturalist, won prizes for his products and was awarded the Legion of Honour.
Early years
Louis ...
, who held the portfolio of foreign affairs,
*General
Guillemot
Guillemot is the common name for several species of seabird in the Alcidae or auk family, part of the order Charadriiformes. In Europe, the term covers two genera, '' Uria'' and '' Cepphus''. In North America the ''Uria'' species are called mu ...
, chief of the general staff of the army,
*
Comte de Bondy, prefect of the department of the Seine
Coalition officers who signed the treaty were:
*
Karl Müffling, the Prussian commissioner to Wellington's army
*
Colonel Hervey-Bathurst
The convention was approved by Davout for the French, and by Blücher and Wellington for the Seventh Coalition.
Notes
References
*
*{{cite book, last=Gifford , first=C. H. , year=1817 , title=History of the Wars Occasioned by the French Revolution, from the Commencement of Hostilities in 1792, to the End of 1816: Embracing a Complete History of the Revolution, publisher=W. Lewis , pag
1506}
1815 in France
Hundred Days
July 1815