''Conasprella mindana'' is a species of
sea snail, a marine
gastropod mollusk
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...
in the family
Conidae
Conidae, with the current common name of " cone snails", is a taxonomic family (previously subfamily) of predatory sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Conoidea.
The 2014 classification of the superfamily Conoidea, group ...
, the
cone snails
A cone is a three-dimensional geometric shape that tapers smoothly from a flat base (frequently, though not necessarily, circular) to a point called the apex or vertex.
A cone is formed by a set of line segments, half-lines, or lines ...
and their allies.
[Bouchet, P. (2015). Conasprella mindana (Hwass in Bruguière, 1792). In: MolluscaBase (2015). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=836701 on 2015-06-18]
Like all species within the genus ''Conasprella'', these snails are
predatory
Predation is a biological interaction where one organism, the predator, kills and eats another organism, its prey. It is one of a family of common feeding behaviours that includes parasitism and micropredation (which usually do not kill t ...
and
venomous
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered through a wound by means of a bite, sting, or similar action. The toxin is delivered through a specially evolved ''venom apparatus'', such as fangs or a ...
. They are capable of
stinging
Sting may refer to:
* Stinger or sting, a structure of an animal to inject venom, or the injury produced by a stinger
* Irritating hairs or prickles of a stinging plant, or the plant itself
Fictional characters and entities
* Sting (Middle-eart ...
humans, therefore live ones should be handled carefully or not at all.
Subspecies
* ''Conasprella mindanus bermudensis''
Clench, W.J., 1962
* ''Conasprella mindana mindana''
(Hwass in Bruguière, 1792)
Distribution
Locus typicus: (of C. mindanus agassizii) "Off Santa Cruz (=St. Croix, Virgin Islands) in 115 fathoms.
Specimens of the type material conspecific with ''C. agassizi''
were also collected off Barbados, in 76 fathoms."
[Danker VINK, 1989-La Conchiglia, Year XXI, No. 246-249, pages 34-34.]
This marine species occurs in the
Caribbean Sea
The Caribbean Sea ( es, Mar Caribe; french: Mer des Caraïbes; ht, Lanmè Karayib; jam, Kiaribiyan Sii; nl, Caraïbische Zee; pap, Laman Karibe) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere. It is bounded by Mexico ...
off
Costa Rica,
Guadeloupe
Guadeloupe (; ; gcf, label=Antillean Creole, Gwadloup, ) is an archipelago and overseas department and region of France in the Caribbean. It consists of six inhabited islands— Basse-Terre, Grande-Terre, Marie-Galante, La Désirade, and the ...
and
Curacao; in the
Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth#Surface, Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Afr ...
off Eastern
Brazil
Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...
,
Barbados
Barbados is an island country in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies, in the Caribbean region of the Americas, and the most easterly of the Caribbean Islands. It occupies an area of and has a population of about 287,000 (2019 estimate ...
and
Bermuda
)
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, song = "Hail to Bermuda"
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Description
The maximum recorded
shell
Shell may refer to:
Architecture and design
* Shell (structure), a thin structure
** Concrete shell, a thin shell of concrete, usually with no interior columns or exterior buttresses
** Thin-shell structure
Science Biology
* Seashell, a hard o ...
length is 50 mm.
[Welch J. J. (2010). "The "Island Rule" and Deep-Sea Gastropods: Re-Examining the Evidence". '' PLoS ONE'' 5(1): e8776. .]
Habitat
The minimum recorded depth for this species is 0 m; the maximum recorded depth is 210 m.
References
* Rabiller M. & Richard G., 2019. ''Conidae offshore de Guadeloupe : Description du matériel dragué lors de l’expédition KARUBENTHOS 2 contenant de nouvelles espèces. Xenophora Taxonomy 24: 3-31''
Puillandre N., Duda T.F., Meyer C., Olivera B.M. & Bouchet P. (2015). ''One, four or 100 genera? A new classification of the cone snails.'' Journal of Molluscan Studies. 81: 1–23
Gallery
Below are several color forms and one subspecies:
File:Conus mindanus 2.jpg, ''Conasprella mindana'' (Hwass in Bruguière, J.G., 1792)
File:Conus mindanus 3.jpg, ''Conasprella mindana'' (Hwass in Bruguière, J.G., 1792)
File:Conus mindanus bermudensis 1.jpg, ''Conasprella mindana bermudensis'' Clench, W.J., 1962
External links
The ''Conus'' Biodiversity websiteCone Shells – Knights of the Sea*
Specimen at MNHN, Paris
mindana
Gastropods described in 1792
{{Conidae-stub