''Consul fabius'', the tiger leafwing, is the most common and well known species of the genus ''

Consul Consul (abbrev. ''cos.''; Latin plural ''consules'') was the title of one of the two chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently also an important title under the Roman Empire. The title was used in other European city-states thro ...

'' of

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

Charaxinae __NOTOC__ The Charaxinae, the leafwings, are a nymphalid subfamily of butterflies that includes about 400 species, inhabiting mainly the tropics, although some species extend into temperate regions in North America, Europe, China, and southern ...

in the

brush-footed butterfly The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have ...

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

(Nymphalidae). It is found all over the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In biogeog ...

Description

The length of the forewings reaches about . The uppersides of the wings have a bright orange and black pattern, with two yellow bands across the angular forewings. The hindwings are tailed. This butterfly is part of a

mimicry In evolutionary biology, mimicry is an evolved resemblance between an organism and another object, often an organism of another species. Mimicry may evolve between different species, or between individuals of the same species. In the simples ...

ring, as a matter of fact the cryptic undersides of the wings mimic a dead leaf. The eggs are laid on the leaves of various species of

Piperaceae The Piperaceae (), also known as the pepper family, are a large family (biology), family of flowering plants. The group contains roughly 3,600 currently accepted species in five genera. The vast majority of species can be found within the two mai ...

('' Piper tuberculatum'', ''

Piper auritum ''Piper auritum'' is an aromatic culinary herb in the pepper family Piperaceae, which grows in tropical Central America. Common names include (), , , Mexican pepperleaf, acuyo, tlanepa, anisillo, root beer plant, Vera Cruz pepper and sacred pepp ...

'', '' Piper umbellatum'', etc.), of which the caterpillars feed. The caterpillars are dark green with reddish spots along the back, while the chrysalis are pale green.

Distribution

''Consul fabius'' occurs from

Mexico Mexico, officially the United Mexican States, is a country in North America. It is the northernmost country in Latin America, and borders the United States to the north, and Guatemala and Belize to the southeast; while having maritime boundar ...

to the

Amazon basin The Amazon basin is the part of South America drained by the Amazon River and its tributary, tributaries. The Amazon drainage basin covers an area of about , or about 35.5 percent of the South American continent. It is located in the countries ...

(

Bolivia Bolivia, officially the Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a landlocked country located in central South America. The country features diverse geography, including vast Amazonian plains, tropical lowlands, mountains, the Gran Chaco Province, w ...

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

Colombia Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country primarily located in South America with Insular region of Colombia, insular regions in North America. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuel ...

Ecuador Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...

Panama Panama, officially the Republic of Panama, is a country in Latin America at the southern end of Central America, bordering South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and ...

Peru Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...

Suriname Suriname, officially the Republic of Suriname, is a country in northern South America, also considered as part of the Caribbean and the West Indies. It is a developing country with a Human Development Index, high level of human development; i ...

Trinidad Trinidad is the larger, more populous island of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the country. The island lies off the northeastern coast of Venezuela and sits on the continental shelf of South America. It is the southernmost island in ...

Venezuela Venezuela, officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many Federal Dependencies of Venezuela, islands and islets in the Caribbean Sea. It com ...

)."''Consul'' Hübner, [1807]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''

Habitat

This species is present in deciduous forest">807]"">"''Consul'' Hübner, [1807]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms''

Habitat

This species is present in deciduous forest, rainforest, and cloud forest. It usually prefers the forest canopy, the banks of rivers and the forest edges, at elevations between sea level and about 1200 m.

Subspecies

*''C. f. fabius'' (Suriname) *''C. f. cecrops'' (Doubleday,

849 __NOTOC__ Year 849 ( DCCCXLIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. Events By place Europe * Summer – Battle of Ostia: A Saracen Arab fleet from Sardinia sets sail towards Rome. In response, Pope Leo IV ...

(Mexico, Panama to Bolivia) *''C. f. albinotatus'' (Butler, 1874) (Colombia) *''C. f. bogotanus'' (Butler, 1874) (Columbia, Venezuela) *''C. f. castaneus'' (Butler, 1874) (Brazil: Amazonas) *''C. f. drurii'' (Butler, 1874) (Brazil) *''C. f. divisus'' (Butler, 1874) (Peru) *''C. f. ochraceus'' (Butler, 1874) (Trinidad) *''C. f. quadridentatus'' (Butler, 1874) (Bolivia) *''C. f. fulvus'' (Butler, 1875) (Peru) *''C. f. diffusus'' (Butler, 1875) (Ecuador) *''C. f. semifulvus'' (Butler, 1875) (Ecuador) *''C. f. fassli'' (Röber, 1916) (western Colombia, Ecuador) *''C. f. superba'' (Niepelt, 1923) (Colombia)

Synonyms

* ''Papilio fabius'' Cramer,

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/small> * ''Consul hippona'' * ''Anaea fabius'' * ''Protogonius quadridentatus'' = ''C. f. quadridentatus'' (Butler, 1874) * ''Protogonius castaneus'' = ''C. f. castaneus'' (Butler, 1874) * ''Protogonius ochraceus'' = ''C. f. ochraceus'' (Butler, 1874) * ''Protogonius albinotatus'' = ''C. f. albinotatus'' (Butler, 1874) * ''Protogonius cecrops'' Doubleday,

/small> * ''Protogonius hippona chiricanus'' Röber, 1916 * ''Protogonius tithoreides'' Butler, 1874 * ''Protogonius lilops'' Butler, 1874 * ''Protogonius holocrates'' Hahnel, 1890 * ''Protogonius hippona'' var. ''immaculatus'' Staudinger, 1887 * ''Protogonius hippona'' var. ''peruvianus'' Staudinger, 1887 * ''Protogonius hippona trinitatis'' Röber, 1916 * ''Protogonius butleri'' Staudinger, 1886 * ''Protogonius aequatorialis'' Butler, 1875 * ''Protogonius diffusus'' ab. ''ecuadorensis'' Strand, 1921

References

External links

*
Neotropical ButterfliesTolweb
Anaeini Butterflies of Central America Nymphalidae of South America Butterflies described in 1776 Lepidoptera of Brazil Taxa named by Pieter Cramer Fauna of Suriname Lepidoptera of Mexico Lepidoptera of Bolivia Lepidoptera of Colombia Lepidoptera of Venezuela Lepidoptera of Peru Lepidoptera of Ecuador Butterflies of Trinidad and Tobago {{Charaxinae-stub