
In
Roman law
Roman law is the law, legal system of ancient Rome, including the legal developments spanning over a thousand years of jurisprudence, from the Twelve Tables (), to the (AD 529) ordered by Eastern Roman emperor Justinian I.
Roman law also den ...
, a ''constitutio'' ("constitution") is any
legislative
A legislature (, ) is a deliberative assembly with the legal authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country, nation or city on behalf of the people therein. They are often contrasted with the executive and judicial powers ...
enactment by a
Roman emperor. It includes edicts, decrees (judicial decisions), and
''rescripta'' (written answers to officials or petitioners). ''Mandata'' (instructions) given by the Emperor to officials were not constitutions but created legal rules that could be relied upon by individuals.
One of the most important constitutions issued by a Roman emperor was
Caracalla's ''
Constitutio Antoniniana
The (Latin for "Constitution r Edictof Antoninus"), also called the Edict of Caracalla or the Antonine Constitution, was an edict issued in AD 212 by the Roman emperor Caracalla. It declared that all free men in the Roman Empire were to be ...
'' of 212, also called the Edict of Caracalla or the Antonine Constitution, which declared that all
free men of the
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire ruled the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia and North Africa. The Roman people, Romans conquered most of this during the Roman Republic, Republic, and it was ruled by emperors following Octavian's assumption of ...
were to be given
Roman citizenship and all free women the same rights as Roman women.
References
Further reading
*
H. F. Jolowicz and B. Nicholas, ''Historical Introduction to Roman Law'', 3rd edn. (1972)
*
Tony Honoré, ''Emperors and Lawyers'' (1981; 2nd edn. 1994).
Roman law
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