Benjamin-Constant Martha, also known under the name Constant Martha, (1820–1895) was a 19th-century French moralist and historian of ancient morality. A graduate of the

École normale supérieure École may refer to: * an elementary school in the French educational stages normally followed by secondary education Secondary education or post-primary education covers two phases on the International Standard Classification of Education sca ...

, agrégé de lettres and

docteur ès lettres Doctor of Letters (D.Litt., Litt.D., Latin: ' or ') is a terminal degree in the humanities that, depending on the country, is a higher doctorate after the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) degree or equivalent to a higher doctorate, such as the Doctor ...

, he was professor of literature at the lycée de Strasbourg, then held the chair of Latin eloquence at the

Sorbonne Sorbonne may refer to: * Sorbonne (building), historic building in Paris, which housed the University of Paris and is now shared among multiple universities. *the University of Paris (c. 1150 – 1970) *one of its components or linked institution, ...

and professor at the

Collège de France The Collège de France (), formerly known as the ''Collège Royal'' or as the ''Collège impérial'' founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment ('' grand établissement'') in France. It is located in Paris ...

. He was elected a member of the

Académie des sciences morales et politiques An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, f ...

in 1872. He was

Jules Martha Joseph-Jules Martha (8 January 1853 – 7 April 1932) was a French scholar and archaeologist. Biography He was the son of Benjamin-Constant Martha. He studied at the École normale supérieure from 1872 to 1875 and earned a docteur ès lettre ...

's father and

Paul Girard Paul Frédéric Girard (23 March 1852, Paris – 1 July 1922, Paris) was a French Hellenist, archaeologist and epigrapher. Biography A student of the École Normale Supérieure, he obtained his agrégation de lettres in 1875. A member of the Fre ...

's stepfather.

Publications

*1854: ''De la Morale pratique dans les lettres de Sénèque'' (thesis
online
*1854: ''Dionis philosophantis effigies'' (thèse complémentaire en latin) *1854: ''De la Morale pratique dans les lettres de Sénèque'' *1865: ''Les Moralistes sous l'Empire romain, philosophes et poètes'' :Includes La morale pratique dans les lettres de Sénèque. Un Poète stoïcien - Persia. La Vertu stoïque -

Epictetus Epictetus (; grc-gre, Ἐπίκτητος, ''Epíktētos''; 50 135 AD) was a Greek Stoic philosopher. He was born into slavery at Hierapolis, Phrygia (present-day Pamukkale, in western Turkey) and lived in Rome until his banishment, when h ...

. L'Examen de conscience d'un empereur romain -

Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Antoninus (Latin: áːɾkus̠ auɾέːli.us̠ antɔ́ːni.us̠ English: ; 26 April 121 – 17 March 180) was Roman emperor from 161 to 180 AD and a Stoic philosopher. He was the last of the rulers known as the Five Good ...

. La Prédication morale populaire -

Dio Chrysostom Dio Chrysostom (; el, Δίων Χρυσόστομος ''Dion Chrysostomos''), Dion of Prusa or Cocceianus Dio (c. 40 – c. 115 AD), was a Greek orator, writer, philosopher and historian of the Roman Empire in the 1st century AD. Eighty of his ...

. La Société romaine -

Juvenal Decimus Junius Juvenalis (), known in English as Juvenal ( ), was a Roman poet active in the late first and early second century CE. He is the author of the collection of satirical poems known as the '' Satires''. The details of Juvenal's lif ...

. Le Scepticisme religieux et philosophique -

Lucian Lucian of Samosata, '; la, Lucianus Samosatensis ( 125 – after 180) was a Hellenized Syrian satirist, rhetorician and pamphleteer who is best known for his characteristic tongue-in-cheek style, with which he frequently ridiculed superstiti ...

. *1866: ''Les Sophistes grecs dans l’Empire romain'' *1869: ''Le Poème de Lucrèce : morale, religion, science'
Read online
*1883: ''Études morales sur l'antiquité''. Includes: L'Éloge funèbre chez les Romains. Le Philosophe

Carneades Carneades (; el, Καρνεάδης, ''Karneadēs'', "of Carnea"; 214/3–129/8 BC) was a Greek philosopher and perhaps the most prominent head of the Skeptical Academy in ancient Greece. He was born in Cyrene. By the year 159 BC, he had beg ...

à Rome. Les Consolations dans l'Antiquité. L'Examen de conscience chez les anciens. Un Chrétien devenu paĭen. Un Paĭen devenu chrétien. *1884: ''La Délicatesse dans l'art'' *1896: ''Mélanges de littérature ancienne'' Incledes: L'Éducation des femmes grecques.

Pindar Pindar (; grc-gre, Πίνδαρος , ; la, Pindarus; ) was an Ancient Greek lyric poet from Thebes. Of the canonical nine lyric poets of ancient Greece, his work is the best preserved. Quintilian wrote, "Of the nine lyric poets, Pindar i ...

. Les Romains à la comédie.

Cicero Marcus Tullius Cicero ( ; ; 3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the est ...

and Lucretius.

Augustus Caesar Augustus (born Gaius Octavius; 23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14), also known as Octavian, was the first Roman emperor; he reigned from 27 BC until his death in AD 14. He is known for being the founder of the Roman Pr ...

et les lettres. Sénèque.

Bibliography

Paul Janet Paul Alexandre René Janet (30 April 1823 – 4 October 1899) was a French philosopher and writer. Biography Born in Paris, he became professor of moral philosophy at Bourges (1845–1848) and Strasbourg (1848–1857), and of logic at the ''ly ...

'' Notice sur Benjamin-Constant Martha''
Cerf, Versailles, 1895, 16 p., Gallica * Jean-Yves Mariotte, « Benjamin Constant Martha », in ''Nouveau Dictionnaire de biographie alsacienne'', vol. 25, (p. 2533)

External links

Notice on Benjamin-Constant Martha
on Gallica {{DEFAULTSORT:Martha, Constant 19th-century French historians Academic staff of the Collège de France Members of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques École Normale Supérieure alumni Writers from Strasbourg 1820 births 1895 deaths