Conegliano (; Venetian: ''Conejan'') is a town and ''

comune A (; : , ) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions () and provinces (). The can also have the City status in Italy, titl ...

'' of the

Veneto Veneto, officially the Region of Veneto, is one of the 20 regions of Italy, located in the Northeast Italy, north-east of the country. It is the fourth most populous region in Italy, with a population of 4,851,851 as of 2025. Venice is t ...

region,

Italy Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern Europe, Southern and Western Europe, Western Europe. It consists of Italian Peninsula, a peninsula that extends into the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land b ...

, in the

province of Treviso The province of Treviso () is a Provinces of Italy, province in the Veneto region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Treviso. The province is surrounded by Province of Belluno, Belluno in the north, Province of Vicenza, Vicenza in the west, Pro ...

, about north by rail from the town of

Treviso Treviso ( ; ; ) is a city and (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 87.322 inhabitants (as of December 2024). Some 3,000 live within the Venetian wall ...

. The population of the city is of people. The remains of a 10th-century castle are situated on a hill that dominates the town. Formerly belonging to the Bishop of Vittorio Veneto, what remains is a bell tower, which now houses a small museum, and outer walls. On 7 July 2019, Le Colline del

Prosecco Prosecco (, ) is an Italian wine, Italian Denominazione di origine controllata#Denominazione di origine controllata (DOC), DOC or Denominazione di origine controllata#Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita (DOCG), DOCG white wine pro ...

di Conegliano e

Valdobbiadene Valdobbiadene (; ) is a town and (municipality) in the province of Treviso, Veneto, Italy. Valdobbiadene is a wine growing area: located below the Dolomites, Alpine-Dolomite areas of Veneto, the climate allows the cultivation of the Glera variety ...

was inscribed as a

UNESCO The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) is a List of specialized agencies of the United Nations, specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and International secur ...

World Heritage Site World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection under an treaty, international treaty administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance. The sites are judged to contain "cultural and natural ...

History

Medieval and early modern periods

In the 10th century, the Castle of Conegliano was established under the control of the Bishop of Belluno. The origin of the name 'Conegliano' likely derives itself from

Latin Latin ( or ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally spoken by the Latins (Italic tribe), Latins in Latium (now known as Lazio), the lower Tiber area aroun ...

''cuniculus'' meaning 'underground tunnel'. Control of the area was passed over first to the March of Treviso in 1153, and then the

Republic of Venice The Republic of Venice, officially the Most Serene Republic of Venice and traditionally known as La Serenissima, was a sovereign state and Maritime republics, maritime republic with its capital in Venice. Founded, according to tradition, in 697 ...

in 1337. In the 1300s, a village was established by a group of noble families around the castle. During the

Middle Ages In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period lasted approximately from the 5th to the late 15th centuries, similarly to the post-classical period of global history. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and ...

, the castle served as the centre of power in Conegliano, being both the seat of the town's

podestà (), also potestate or podesta in English, was the name given to the holder of the highest civil office in the government of the cities of central and northern Italy during the Late Middle Ages. Sometimes, it meant the chief magistrate of a c ...

and religious functions. Under Trevigiani and Venetian control, Conegliano's fortifications were strengthened. However, Conegliano entered a state of decline following the end of the

War of the League of Cambrai The War of the League of Cambrai, sometimes known as the War of the Holy League and several other names, was fought from February 1508 to December 1516 as part of the Italian Wars of 1494–1559. The main participants of the war, who fough ...

. Between the end of the 1300s and 1800s, Conegliano was home to a

Jewish community Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly inte ...

. In 1629, the Jewish community was forcibly relocated to the bottom of the castle's hill, before being again moved in 1675 to outside the town's walls.

1800s to present

Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars, Conegliano came under Austrian control as part of the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia. Under Austrian control, Conegliano underwent civil growth and development. In

World War I World War I or the First World War (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918), also known as the Great War, was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War I, Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers. Fighting to ...

, following the Italian defeat at

Battle of Caporetto The Battle of Kobarid (also known as the Twelfth Battle of the Isonzo, the Battle of Caporetto or the Battle of Karfreit) took place on the Italian front of World War I. The battle was fought between the Kingdom of Italy and the Central P ...

, Italian troops began retreating to the

Piave river The Piave (; ) is a river in Northeast Italy. It begins in the Alps and flows southeast for into the Adriatic Sea near the city of Venice. One of its tributaries is the Boite. In 1809 it was the scene of a battle during the Napoleonic Wars, in ...

with Conegliano becoming an important transit point. The German-Austrian advance meant the town was occupied on 1 November 1917. It remained under the occupation of the Central Powers up to 24 October 1918 after the Italian victory at the

Battle of Vittorio Veneto The Battle of Vittorio Veneto was fought from 24 October to 3 November 1918 (with an armistice taking effect 24 hours later) near Vittorio Veneto on the Italian Front during World War I. After having thoroughly defeated Austro-Hungarian troops ...

Economy

Conegliano is noted for its

wine Wine is an alcoholic drink made from Fermentation in winemaking, fermented fruit. Yeast in winemaking, Yeast consumes the sugar in the fruit and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Wine is most often made f ...

, chiefly the dry white

(made from the glera grape) which comes in three varieties: tranquillo (still), frizzante (slightly sparkling) and spumante ( sparkling). It is also home to Italy's oldest and most prestigious wine school called Scuola Enologica. It is also home to the Istituto Sperimentale per la Viticoltura where several Italian grape varieties have been bred, including Albarossa,

Vega Vega is the brightest star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It has the Bayer designation α Lyrae, which is Latinised to Alpha Lyrae and abbreviated Alpha Lyr or α Lyr. This star is relatively close at only from the Sun, and ...

and

Valentino nero Valentino nero is a red Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Piedmont wine region of northwest Italy but was initially bred at the Conegliano research center in the Veneto. In 1936, its creator, Giovanni Dalmasso, stated that the ...

. Additionally, viticulturalists at the institute have helped save many native Italian grape varieties from extinction, such as the

Valpolicella Valpolicella (, , ) is a viticultural zone of the province of Verona, Italy (wine), Italy, east of Lake Garda. The hilly agricultural and marble-quarrying region of small holdings north of the Adige is famous for wine production. Valpolicella ra ...

grape Bigolona. There is also a great industrial tradition, especially specialized in home appliances.

Colli di Conegliano DOC

The hills around Conegliano are home to the ''

Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita The following four classification of wine, classifications of wine constitute the Italy, Italian system of labelling and legally protecting Italian wine: * ''Denominazione di origine'' (DO, rarely used; ; 'designation of origin'); * ''Indicazione ...

'' (DOCG) zone of Colli di Conegliano. There both red and white

Italian wine Italian wine () is produced in every region of Italy. Italy is the country with the widest variety of indigenous grapevine in the world, with an area of under vineyard cultivation, as well as the List of wine-producing regions#Countries, world's ...

s are produced at a variety of sweetness levels from dry to sweet ''

passito Straw wine, or raisin wine, is a wine made from grapes that have been dried off the vine to concentrate their juice. Under the classic method, after a careful hand harvest, selected bunches of ripe grapes will be laid out on mats in full sun. ( ...

dessert wine Dessert wines, sometimes called pudding wines in the United Kingdom, are sweet wines typically served with dessert. There is no simple definition of a dessert wine. In the UK, a dessert wine is considered to be any sweet wine drunk with a mea ...

s. Grapes destined for DOC wine production must be harvested to a yield no greater than 12

tonnes The tonne ( or ; symbol: t) is a unit of mass equal to 1,000 kilograms. It is a non-SI unit accepted for use with SI. It is also referred to as a metric ton in the United States to distinguish it from the non-metric units of the s ...

hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), that is, square metres (), and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. ...

. The finished wine must attain a minimum

alcohol level Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, ...

of 12% for the red wines and 10.5% for the whites in order to be labelled with the Colli di Conegliano DOC designation.P. Saunders ''Wine Label Language'', p. 143. Firefly Books 2004 . The red DOC wines are made

Merlot Merlot ( ) is a dark-blue-colored wine grape variety that is used as both a blending grape and for varietal wines. The name ''Merlot'' is thought to be a diminutive of , the French name for the blackbird, probably a reference to the color ...

(10-40%),

Cabernet Sauvignon Cabernet Sauvignon () is one of the world's most widely recognized red wine grape varieties. It is grown in nearly every major wine producing country among a diverse spectrum of climates from Australia and British Columbia, Canada to Lebano ...

Cabernet Franc Cabernet Franc is one of the major black grape varieties worldwide. It is principally grown for blending with Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot in the Bordeaux (wine), Bordeaux style, but can also be vinified alone, as in the Loire (wine), Loire's C ...

and

Marzemino Marzemino is a red Italian wine grape variety that is primarily grown around Isera, south of Trentino (wine), Trentino. The wine is most noted for its mention in the opera ''Don Giovanni'', the music for which was composed by Wolfgang Amadeus Mo ...

(at least 10% of each with no maximum for the last three varieties) and up 10% of Incrocio Manzoni 2.15. The wine is required to be aged at least two years in

barrel A barrel or cask is a hollow cylindrical container with a bulging center, longer than it is wide. They are traditionally made of wooden stave (wood), staves and bound by wooden or metal hoops. The word vat is often used for large containers ...

prior to being released. A sweet red ''passito'' labeled as ''Refrontolo'' is made from at least 95% Marzemino with up 5% of other local non-

aromatic In organic chemistry, aromaticity is a chemical property describing the way in which a conjugated system, conjugated ring of unsaturated bonds, lone pairs, or empty orbitals exhibits a stabilization stronger than would be expected from conjugati ...

varieties permitted to round out the blend. The dry white of the DOC is made from at least 30%

Manzoni bianco Incrocio Manzoni or Manzoni grapes is a family of grape varieties named after Professor Luigi Manzoni (1888-1968) of Italy's oldest school of oenology located in Conegliano, in the Veneto (wine), Veneto region. Manzoni created the new grape varie ...

with between 30-70% collectively of

Pinot blanc Pinot blanc () or Pinot bianco is a white wine grape. It is a point genetic mutation of Pinot noir. Pinot noir is genetically unstable and will occasionally experience a point mutation in which a vine bears all black fruit except for one cane wh ...

and

Chardonnay Chardonnay (, ; ) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand. For new a ...

and up to 10% total of

Sauvignon blanc Sauvignon blanc () is a green-skinned grape variety that originates from the city of Bordeaux in France. The grape most likely gets its name from the French words ''sauvage'' ("wild") and ''blanc'' ("white") due to its early origins as an ind ...

and Riesling Renano. The ''passito'' style ''Torchiato di Fregona'' can be made in both a dry and sweet style from at least 30% each of Glera and

Verdiso Verdiso is a white Italian wine grape variety grown primarily in province of Treviso in the Veneto wine region of northeast Italy.J. Robinson ''Jancis Robinson's Guide to Wine Grapes'' pg 20 Oxford University Press 1996 It is a permitted vari ...

, a minimum 25% of Boschera and up to 15% of non-aromatic varieties like

Marzemina bianca Marzemina bianca is a white Italian wine grape variety that is grown in the Veneto (wine), Veneto region of northeastern Italy. Ampelographers believe that the grape is a natural crossing (vine), crossing of the Trentino wine grape Marzemino and th ...

and Bianchetta Trevigiana. This wine is required to age at least 13 months prior to being release.

Culture

Cima da Conegliano - Madonna in trono col Bambino fra angeli e santi

Every June, a special chess or 'dama' game where the pieces are represented by actual real people—known as the ''Dama Castellana''—is performed in the historical center. This event is not the continuation of a secular tradition, but was introduced only a few years ago, yet still managed to become a traditional event in the Coneglianese calendar. Conegliano was the birthplace of the painters

Cima da Conegliano Giovanni Battista Cima, also called Cima da Conegliano (), was an Italian Renaissance painter, who mostly worked in Venice. He can be considered part of the Venetian school (art), Venetian school, though he was also influenced by Antonello da ...

, a fine altar-piece by whom is in the cathedral (dating to 1492), and Francesco Beccaruzzi, as well as the composer and conductor at the Cincinnati Conservatory, Pier Adolfo Tirindelli. The town has one

association football Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 Football player, players who almost exclusively use their feet to propel a Ball (association football), ball around a rectangular f ...

team called

Conegliano Conegliano (; Venetian language, Venetian: ''Conejan'') is a town and ''comune'' of the Veneto region, Italy, in the province of Treviso, about north by rail from the town of Treviso. The population of the city is of people. The remains of a 10th ...

who currently play in the

Promozione The Promozione (, "promotion") is the sixth level in the Italian football league system. Each individual league winner within the Promozione level progresses to their closest regional league in the Eccellenza level. Depending on each league's ...

, the sixth tier of Italian football.

Notable people

* Francesco Beccaruzzi, painter * Ferruccio Benini,

actor An actor (masculine/gender-neutral), or actress (feminine), is a person who portrays a character in a production. The actor performs "in the flesh" in the traditional medium of the theatre or in modern media such as film, radio, and television. ...

. *

Ugo Cerletti Ugo Cerletti (26 September 1877 – 25 July 1963) was an Italian neurology, neurologist who discovered the method of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) used in psychiatry. Electroconvulsive therapy is a therapy in which electric current is used to pro ...

, a

neurologist Neurology (from , "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the nervous system, which comprises the brain, the ...

who discovered the method of

electroconvulsive therapy Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a psychiatry, psychiatric treatment that causes a generalized seizure by passing electrical current through the brain. ECT is often used as an intervention for mental disorders when other treatments are inadequ ...

psychiatry Psychiatry is the medical specialty devoted to the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of deleterious mental disorder, mental conditions. These include matters related to cognition, perceptions, Mood (psychology), mood, emotion, and behavior. ...

. * Giambattista Cima,

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) is a Periodization, period of history and a European cultural movement covering the 15th and 16th centuries. It marked the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and was characterized by an effort to revive and sur ...

painter. *

Paolo De Coppi Paolo is a masculine given name, the Italian form of the name Paul. It may refer to: People Art * Paolo Abbate (1884–1973), Italian-American sculptor * Paolo Alboni (1671–1734), Italian painter * Paolo Antonio Barbieri (1603–1649), Ital ...

scientist A scientist is a person who Scientific method, researches to advance knowledge in an Branches of science, area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, philosophers engag ...

. *

Alessandro Del Piero Alessandro Del Piero (; born 9 November 1974) is an Italian former professional footballer who mainly played as a second striker, although he was capable of playing in several offensive positions. Since 2015, he has worked as a pundit for ...

World Cup A world cup is a global sporting competition in which the participant entities – usually international teams or individuals representing their countries – compete for the title of world champion. The event most associated with the name is ...

-winning

footballer A football player or footballer is a sportsperson who plays one of the different types of football. The main types of football are association football, American football, Canadian football, Australian rules football, Gaelic football, rugby lea ...

. *

Marco Donadel Marco Donadel (born 21 April 1983) is an Italian Association football, football coach and a former midfielder. He is currently the interim head coach of Major League Soccer club CF Montréal. Club career Milan Donadel is a youth product of A.C. ...

, football midfielder. *

Maurizio Zanetti Maurizio is an Italian masculine given name, derived from the Roman name Mauritius. Mauritius is a derivative of Maurus, meaning ''dark-skinned, Moorish''. List of people with the given name Maurizio Art and music * Maurizio Arcieri (born 1945 ...

, scientist immunologist * Gino Girolamo Fanno,

engineer Engineers, as practitioners of engineering, are professionals who Invention, invent, design, build, maintain and test machines, complex systems, structures, gadgets and materials. They aim to fulfill functional objectives and requirements while ...

. *

Marco Fanno Marco may refer to: People Given name * Marco (actor) (born 1977), South Korean model and actor Surname * Georg Marco (1863–1923), Romanian chess player of German origin * Jindřich Marco (1921–2000), Czechoslovak photographer and numisma ...

economist An economist is a professional and practitioner in the social sciences, social science discipline of economics. The individual may also study, develop, and apply theories and concepts from economics and write about economic policy. Within this ...

. *

Pier Paolo Pasolini Pier Paolo Pasolini (; 5 March 1922 – 2 November 1975) was an Italian poet, film director, writer, actor and playwright. He is considered one of the defining public intellectuals in 20th-century Italian history, influential both as an artist ...

poet A poet is a person who studies and creates poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be the creator (thought, thinker, songwriter, writer, or author) who creates (composes) poems (oral t ...

. *

Maurizio Sacconi Maurizio Sacconi (Conegliano, 13 July 1950) is an Italian politician from Veneto. A long-time member of the Italian Socialist Party, from 1979 to 1994 he was a member of the Italian Chamber of Deputies and from 1987 to 1994 he served also as Under ...

politician A politician is a person who participates in Public policy, policy-making processes, usually holding an elective position in government. Politicians represent the people, make decisions, and influence the formulation of public policy. The roles ...

. * Alberto Rapisarda,

illustrator An illustrator is an artist who specializes in enhancing writing or elucidating concepts by providing a visual representation that corresponds to the content of the associated text or idea. The illustration may be intended to clarify complicate ...

. * Tullio De Rosa,

enologist Oenology (also enology; ) is the science and study of wine and winemaking. Oenology is distinct from viticulture, which is the science of the growing, cultivation, and harvesting of grapes. The English word oenology derives from the Greek word ' ...

and

novelist A novelist is an author or writer of novels, though often novelists also write in other genres of both fiction and non-fiction. Some novelists are professional novelists, thus make a living wage, living writing novels and other fiction, while other ...

. * Stefano Curtarolo, materials scientist. * Bruna Pegoraro Brylawski,

molecular biologist Molecular biology is a branch of biology that seeks to understand the molecule, molecular basis of biological activity in and between Cell (biology), cells, including biomolecule, biomolecular synthesis, modification, mechanisms, and interactio ...

. * Francesco Gera,

agronomist An agriculturist, agriculturalist, agrologist, or agronomist (abbreviated as agr.) is a professional in the science, practice, and management of agriculture and agribusiness. It is a regulated profession in Canada, India, the Philippines, the Uni ...

and sericulturist.

Transport

* Conegliano railway station Taxis are often located at the railway station to transport train riders to their final destination in Conegliano.

International relations

Twin towns - sister cities

Conegliano is twinned with: *

Garibaldi Giuseppe Maria Garibaldi ( , ;In his native Ligurian language, he is known as (). In his particular Niçard dialect of Ligurian, he was known as () or (). 4 July 1807 – 2 June 1882) was an Italian general, revolutionary and republican. H ...

Brazil Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population ...

* Lismore in New South Wales, Australia

Photo gallery

File:Conegliano Via XX Sept.jpg, The center File:Ancient history.jpg, Middle Ages castle File:Conegliano Colle di Giano 2007.jpg, ''Giano'' hill with the castle and ''Villa Gera'' File:ConeglianoTrainStation.jpg, Panoramic view of the train station (from the castle) File:I-TV-Conegliano12.JPG, San Rocco Church File:I-TV-Conegliano13.JPG, ''Scalinata degli Alpini'' (Alpines' flight of steps) File:I-TV-Conegliano03.JPG, ''Via Madonna'' File:I-TV-Conegliano11.JPG, ''Fontana dei cavalli'' (Horses fountain) File:I-TV-Conegliano10.JPG, ''Porta Dante'' File:I-TV-Conegliano09.JPG, ''Via XX Settembre'' File:I-TV-Conegliano08.JPG, ''Duomo'' File:I-TV-Conegliano07.JPG, An old building in ''Via XX Settembre'' File:I-TV-Conegliano06.JPG, Cima Square, ''Accademia'' theatre File:I-TV-Conegliano05.JPG, ''Via XX Settembre'' (with Montalban Palace) File:I-TV-Conegliano04.JPG, ''Porta Monticano'' File:I-TV-Conegliano02.JPG, ''Porta Monticano'' File:Conegliano - torrente cervano.jpg, The river: ''Monticano'' File:Costa (conegliano) da collalbrigo.jpg, Prosecco hills of Conegliano (in ''località Costa'') File:Conegliano staz ferr lato binari.jpg, Train station

References

Conegliano Official WebsiteExhibition Official Website

External links

Le Colline del Prosecco di Conegliano e Valdobbiadene
UNESCO Collection on Google Arts and Culture ;Notes
{{Authority control Cities and towns in Veneto World Heritage Sites in Italy