A condyloid joint (also called condylar, ellipsoidal, or bicondylar
) is an
ovoid articular
The articular bone is part of the lower jaw of most vertebrates, including most jawed fish, amphibians, birds and various kinds of reptiles, as well as ancestral mammals.
Anatomy
In most vertebrates, the articular bone is connected to two oth ...
surface, or
condyle that is received into an elliptical cavity. This permits movement in two planes, allowing
flexion
Motion, the process of movement, is described using specific anatomical terms. Motion includes movement of organs, joints, limbs, and specific sections of the body. The terminology used describes this motion according to its direction relativ ...
,
extension,
adduction
Motion, the process of movement, is described using specific anatomical terms. Motion includes movement of organs, joints, limbs, and specific sections of the body. The terminology used describes this motion according to its direction relati ...
,
abduction
Abduction may refer to:
Media
Film and television
* "Abduction" (''The Outer Limits''), a 2001 television episode
* " Abduction" (''Death Note'') a Japanese animation television series
* " Abductions" (''Totally Spies!''), a 2002 episode of an ...
, and
circumduction.
Examples
Examples include:
Module – Introduction to Joints
* the wrist-joint
* metacarpophalangeal joint
The metacarpophalangeal joints (MCP) are situated between the metacarpal bones and the proximal phalanges of the fingers. These joints are of the condyloid kind, formed by the reception of the rounded heads of the metacarpal bones into shallow c ...
s
* metatarsophalangeal joints
* atlanto-occipital joints
These are also called ellipsoid joints. The oval-shaped condyle of one bone fits into the elliptical cavity of the other bone. These joints allow biaxial movements—i.e., forward and backward, or from side to side, but not rotation. Radiocarpal joint and Metacarpo-phalangeal joint are examples of condyloid joints.
An example of an Ellipsoid joint is the wrist; it functions similarly to the ball and socket joint
The ball-and-socket joint (or spheroid joint) is a type of synovial joint in which the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. The distal bone is capable of motion around an indefinite number of ...
except is unable to rotate 360 degrees; it prohibits axial rotation.
References
{{Authority control
Joints