''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the

tribe The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide usage of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. This definition is contested, in part due to confl ...

Rhamneae of the

buckthorn ''Rhamnus'' is a genus of about 110 accepted species of shrubs or small trees, commonly known as buckthorns, in the family Rhamnaceae. Its species range from tall (rarely to ) and are native mainly in east Asia and North America, but found t ...

family,

Rhamnaceae The Rhamnaceae are a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs, and some vines, commonly called the buckthorn family. Rhamnaceae is included in the order Rosales. The family contains about 55 genera and 950 species. The Rhamnaceae ...

. It was named for

Antonio Condal Antonio is a masculine given name of Etruscan origin deriving from the root name Antonius. It is a common name among Romance language-speaking populations as well as the Balkans and Lusophone Africa. It has been among the top 400 most popular m ...

, an 18th

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: ** Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Ca ...

physician. Members of the genus are native to

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

and subtropical

deserts and xeric shrublands Deserts and xeric shrublands are a biome defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Deserts and xeric (ancient Greek xērós, “dry") shrublands form the largest terrestrial biome, covering 19% of Earth's land surface area. Ecoregions in thi ...

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''no ...

and

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the souther ...

. The ranges of each species vary considerably; some are confined to only a few square miles, while others can be found on an area up to .

Common names

''Condalia'' species are often referred to as bluewood, purple haw, logwood, or snakewood in English. Some southern hemisphere species are known as "piquillín" or "yuna". The name snakewood is broadly used and does not indicate any particular species.

Taxonomy

Research performed on the members of ''Condalia'' usually concerns only the species native to

; taxonomy is determined for only one group of species. As a result, a consensus has not been reached regarding the composition of the genus.

Uses

The amount of research conducted on the economic and

medical Medicine is the science and practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, treatment, palliation of their injury or disease, and promoting their health. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practi ...

uses of ''Condalia'' species is small. However, biochemical features of this genus are currently being studied. The fruit of ''Condalia hookeri'' are edible, consumed by birds, and can be made into jelly.

Species

* '' Condalia buxifolia''

Reissek Siegfried Reissek (11 April 1819 in Cieszyn, Teschen – 9 November 1871 in Vienna) was an Austrian naturalist and botanist who specialized in spermatophytes. He is known for his studies involving plant anatomy and histology. From 1837 to 1841 ...

* '' Condalia correllii'' M.C.Johnst. – Correll's snakewood * '' Condalia ericoides'' (

A.Gray Asa Gray (November 18, 1810 – January 30, 1888) is considered the most important American botanist of the 19th century. His '' Darwiniana'' was considered an important explanation of how religion and science were not necessarily mutually exc ...

) M.C.Johnst. – javelina bush * ''

Condalia globosa ''Condalia globosa'', also called bitter condalia, or bitter snakewood, is a perennial shrub, small tree of the family Rhamnaceae. The tree or shrub is a gray, smooth barked tree, up to 4m tall. The fruit can be deep violet-black. Distribution ...

I.M.Johnst. I. M. (Ivan Murray) Johnston (February 28, 1898–May 31, 1960), was a United States Botany, botanist. He studied at Pomona College in Claremont, California and at Harvard University. His plant collections are housed in the ''Rancho Santa Ana Bot ...

– bitter snakewood (

Southwestern United States The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States that generally includes Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent portions of California, Colorado, N ...

, northwestern

Mexico Mexico ( Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guate ...

) * '' Condalia hookeri'' M.C.Johnst. – Brazilian bluewood * '' Condalia mexicana''

Schltdl. Diederich Franz Leonhard von Schlechtendal (27 November 1794, Xanten – 12 October 1866, Halle an der Saale, Halle) was a German botanist. He studied in Berlin, in 1819 becoming curator of the Botanical Garden in Berlin, Royal Herbarium. He was ...

- Mexican bluewood * '' Condalia microphylla'' Cav. – piquillín (

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, t ...

) * '' Condalia spathulata'' A.Gray – knifeleaf condalia * '' Condalia velutina'' I.M.Johnst. * ''

Condalia viridis ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shru ...

'' I.M.Johnst. – green snakewood * ''

Condalia warnockii ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shr ...

'' M.C.Johnst. – warnock snakewood * ''

Condalia weberbaeuri ''Condalia'' is a genus of spiny shrubs in the tribe Rhamneae of the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae. It was named for Antonio Condal, an 18th Spanish physician. Members of the genus are native to tropical and subtropical deserts and xeric shr ...

'' Perkins – yana yana

Formerly placed here

* ''

Ziziphus obtusifolia ''Ziziphus obtusifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the buckthorn family known by several common names, including lotebush, graythorn, gumdrop tree, and Texas buckthorn. Distribution The plant is native to the South Central and Southwest ...

'' (Hook. ex Torr. & A.Gray) A.Gray (as ''C. lycioides'' (A.Gray) Weberb.)

References

Condalia taxa in the US
{{Taxonbar, from=Q145864 Rhamnaceae genera Taxa named by Antonio José Cavanilles