barnacle
A barnacle is a type of arthropod constituting the subclass Cirripedia in the subphylum Crustacea, and is hence related to crabs and lobsters. Barnacles are exclusively marine, and tend to live in shallow and tidal waters, typically in erosive ...
s.
Species
,
WoRMS Worms may refer to:
*Worm, an invertebrate animal with a tube-like body and no limbs
Places
*Worms, Germany, a city
** Worms (electoral district)
* Worms, Nebraska, U.S.
*Worms im Veltlintal, the German name for Bormio, Italy
Arts and entertai ...
recognizes the following two species:
* '' Concavus concavus'' (Bronn, 1831) —
Pliocene
The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58early Pleistocene; Western Europe.
* '' Concavus crassostricola'' Zullo, 1984 —
Early Miocene
The Early Miocene (also known as Lower Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Aquitanian and Burdigalian stages.
The sub-epoch lasted from 23.03 ± 0.05 Ma to 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago). It was p ...
; North Carolina and northern Florida.
Taxonomic history
The genus was
circumscribed
In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius.
Not every po ...
by William A. Newman in 1982. His original list of subgenera and species for the genus was the following:
* ''Concavus'' genus
** ''Concavus'' subgenus
*** ''
C. concavus
C. or c. may refer to:
* Century, sometimes abbreviated as ''c.'' or ''C.'', a period of 100 years
* Cent (currency), abbreviated ''c.'' or ''¢'', a monetary unit that equals of the basic unit of many currencies
* Caius or Gaius, abbreviated as ...
''
** ''Menesiniella'' subgenus
*** ''C. (M.) aquila''
*** ''C. (M.) regalis''
** ''Arossia'' subgenus
*** ''C. (A.) panamensis''
**** ''C. (A.) p. panamensis''
**** ''C. (A.) p. eyerdami''
*** ''C. (A.) henryae''
Newman noted there were multiple fossil taxa in this genus, but didn't classify any except for the type species ''C. concavus''.
In 1992, Victor A. Zullo revised the genus. He created a new subfamily, Concavinae, with '' Tamiosoma'' (the senior synonym of '' Menesiniella'' according to Zullo), '' Arossia'' and ''Concavus'' among its genera. With his revision, ''Concavus'' only consists of the two species ''C. concavus'' and ''C. crassostricola''.
Fossil records
This genus is known in the
fossil record
A fossil (from Classical Latin , ) is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved ...
s from the
Oligocene
The Oligocene ( ) is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present ( to ). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but ...
to the Quaternary (age range: from 28.4 to 0.012 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata of United States, Italy, Mexico, Morocco, Algeria, France, Haiti, Madagascar, Panama, Colombia and Slovenia.Fossilworks /ref>