''Comrade X'' is a 1940 American

comedy Comedy is a genre of dramatic works intended to be humorous or amusing by inducing laughter, especially in theatre, film, stand-up comedy, television, radio, books, or any other entertainment medium. Origins Comedy originated in ancient Greec ...

spy film The spy film, also known as the spy thriller, is a film genre, genre of film that deals with the subject of fictional espionage, either in a realistic way (such as the adaptations of John le Carré) or as a basis for fantasy (such as many Jame ...

directed by

King Vidor King Wallis Vidor ( ; February 8, 1894 – November 1, 1982) was an American film director, film producer, and screenwriter whose 67-year film-making career successfully spanned the silent and sound eras. His works are distinguished by a vivid, ...

and starring

Clark Gable William Clark Gable (February 1, 1901November 16, 1960) was an American actor often referred to as the "King of Cinema of the United States, Hollywood". He appeared in more than 60 Film, motion pictures across a variety of Film genre, genres dur ...

and Hedy Lamarr. The supporting cast features Oskar Homolka, Felix Bressart, Sig Rumann and

Eve Arden Eve Arden (born Eunice Mary Quedens, April 30, 1908 – November 12, 1990) was an American film, radio, stage and television actress. She performed in leading and supporting roles for nearly six decades. Beginning her film career in 1929 an ...

. In February 2020, the film was shown at the

70th Berlin International Film Festival The 70th annual Berlin International Film Festival took place from 20 February to 1 March 2020. It was the first under the leadership of new Berlin Film Festival board: business administration director Mariette Rissenbeek and artistic director ...

, as part of a retrospective dedicated to King Vidor's career.

Plot

In 1940, a foreign reporter, “Comrade X”, is bypassing censors and sending out critical stories about the Soviet Union. Commissar Vasiliev, chief of the secret police, announces that he has taken over the censorship of the press. His predecessor, Comrade Molkov, who was “not watching his step” has been the victim of a “traffic accident.” All reporters will be restricted, unable to leave Moscow without permits. McKinley "Mac" Thompson, secretly "Comrade X", pretends to be an irresponsible alcoholic who skips the news conference. German reporter Van Hofer has taken over Mac’s room, which Mac has paid for in advance and “fixed up.” “Is this a nice way for a Nazi to act?” Mac asks Van Hofer. Reporter Jane Wilson informs Mac that the funeral will be held that day of Comrade Molkov, shot by his old pal, Commissar Vasiliev, who will now cry over Molkov's grave. Mac pretends to care only about the reception, and Jane expresses disappointment that he was once “the best reporter in the business.” Van Hofer arrives with the Russian hotel manager, complaining that the American has invaded his space. The conversation is interrupted by a phone call, which Mac pretends is the American news bureau notifying that Germany has declared war on Russia (ironically months before Germany’s invasion of Russia actually happened). The indignant Russian manager kicks the German Van Hofer out of the room. At Molkov’s funeral, Mac spots a pallbearer signal by knocking on the coffin. Using a camera disguised as a portable radio, Mac takes a photo as the assassin rises out of the coffin to shoot at Commissar Vasiliev. Mac hides the film. Mac’s identity is discovered by his valet, Vanya, who blackmails him into promising to get his daughter, Golubka, out of the country. Golubka, a streetcar conductor, is called “Theodore” because only men are allowed to drive streetcars. Theodore is an idealistic communist, which Mac and Jane proclaim “the worst thing you can be in the Soviet Union.” Communists are full of ideals dangerous to authorities, so the Communists are executed so that Communism can succeed. Riding Theodore’s streetcar, Mac pretends to admire the Soviet Union and expresses a wish to help her spread communist ideals in the US. Although initially suspicious of Mac’s motives, with her mentor Bastakoff’s blessing (eager to get rid of a pesky fanatical idealist), Theodore agrees to a sham marriage so she can spread the virtues of Communism to the rest of the world. Unable to marry as “Theodore,” she now takes the name of “Lizvanetchka” (Lizzie), a revolutionary martyr. On their wedding night, Lizzie shows Mac a photo of her idol, Bastakoff, whom Mac recognizes as Vasiliev’s attempted assassin. Jane arrives to ask Mac to file a story for her in the US and exposes Mac as anti-Soviet. After she leaves, the secret police arrive to take Mac and Lizzie for questioning by Commissar Vasiliev. Awaiting Vasiliev, Mac pretends to not recognize his own radio-camera, which was found in Vanya’s room. To protect Mac and Lizzie, Vanya claims he is Comrade X, showing how cutouts in “his" handkerchief can be used to decipher messages. Mac, Lizzie, and Vanya are arrested. A group of Bastakoff’s followers are imprisoned with them and Lizzie proclaims they would all rather die than betray Bastakoff. Mac relays a proposition to Vasiliev via a guard. He will tell Vasiliev the identity of the man who tried to assassinate him and provide a photograph of the attempt. When Mac is escorted to “Vasiliev”, he finds Bastakoff is now chief of police. Vasiliev has died of “pneumonia.” The photograph is embarrassing to Bastakoff―as are the 100 Bastakoff followers executed at Bastakoff’s orders to prove his loyalty to the new government. Mac gives Bastakoff the incriminating photo but withholds the negative. Bastakoff exchanges the lives of Lizzie, Vanya, and Mac for the negative, which Mac is to retrieve. Knowing that Bastakoff will not keep his word―Lizzie now disillusioned―they evade the secret police trailing them, and the three hide on a train hauling tanks. Appropriating a tank, which Lizzie has been trained to drive, they cross the border into Romania, where they surrender and successfully reach the US.

Cast

as McKinley B. "Mac" Thompson * Hedy Lamarr as Golubka / Theodore Yahupitz / Lizvanetchka "Lizzie" * Oskar Homolka as Commissar Vasiliev * Felix Bressart as Igor Yahupitz / Vanya *

as Jane Wilson * Sig Rumann as Emil Von Hofer * Natasha Lytess as Olga Milanava *

Vladimir Sokoloff Vladimir Aleksandrovich Sokoloff (; December 26, 1889 – February 15, 1962) was a Russian actor of stage and screen. After studying theatre in Moscow, he began his professional film career in Germany and France during the Silent era, before em ...

as Michael Bastakoff *

Edgar Barrier Edgar Barrier (March 4, 1907 – June 20, 1964) was an American actor who appeared on radio, stage, and screen. In the 1930s he was a member of Orson Welles' Mercury Theatre and was one of several actors who played Simon Templar on ''The Saint (r ...

as Rubick, Commissar's Aide * Georges Renavent as Laszlo, world press attendee (credited as George Renevant) * Mikhail Rasumny as arresting Russian Officer

Production

* Production on ''Comrade X'' began filming in late August 1940. * The film was nominated for an

Academy Award for Best Story The Academy Award for Best Story was an Academy Award given from the beginning of the Academy Awards until 1956. This award can be a source of confusion for modern audiences, given its co-existence with the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenpl ...

. Gable prophetically jokes that "Germany just invaded Russia" and " Panzer tanks are rolling into Ukraine" to get the Russian hotel manager to kick the German reporter out of his room. Less than a year after release, Germany did indeed invade Russia and the Ukrainian SSR. Pre-war American films such as ''Comrade X'' and '' Ninotchka'' depict the

Soviet Union The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 until Dissolution of the Soviet ...

as backwards, dreary, depressing and totalitarian. After the United States entered the war on Russia's side, however, Hollywood's depictions of Russians immediately changed to brave, honorable, freedom-loving liberators. The UK specifically pulled ''Comrade X'' from the cinemas. At one point in the movie, after McKinley feeds vodka to his secretary Olga and embraces her, Golubka enters his room and the women engage in a "hair pulling battle" for his affections that Variety described as “a honey."

Box office

According to MGM records the film earned $1,520,000 in the US and Canada and $559,000 elsewhere resulting in a profit of $484,000.

References

External links

* * * {{Charles Lederer 1940 films 1940 romantic comedy films 1940s American films 1940s English-language films 1940s screwball comedy films American black-and-white films American romantic comedy films American screwball comedy films English-language romantic comedy films Films about journalists Films directed by King Vidor Films scored by Bronisław Kaper Films set in Moscow Films set in Romania Films set in Russia Films with screenplays by Ben Hecht Films with screenplays by Charles Lederer Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer films