Compignano is a village in Italy. It has 175 inhabitants according to the 2001 ISTAT data, who are known as ''compignanesi''. Though a more recent estimate puts the population closer to 177. It is a

frazione A ''frazione'' (: ''frazioni'') is a type of subdivision of a ''comune'' ('municipality') in Italy, often a small village or hamlet outside the main town. Most ''frazioni'' were created during the Fascist era (1922–1943) as a way to consolidat ...

of the

comune A (; : , ) is an administrative division of Italy, roughly equivalent to a township or municipality. It is the third-level administrative division of Italy, after regions () and provinces (). The can also have the City status in Italy, titl ...

Marsciano Marsciano is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 25 km south of Perugia. Marsciano borders the following municipalities: Collazzone, Deruta, Fratta Todina, Perugia, Piegaro, ...

, a larger town 12 km away, along strada statale 317 then provinciale 340 to

Spina Spina was an Etruscan port city, established by the end of the 6th century BCE, on the Adriatic at the ancient mouth of the Po. Discovery The site of Spina was lost until modern times, when drainage schemes in the delta of the Po River in 19 ...

. Compignano is on top of a low (262m) hill, overlooking the valley of the river Nestore, which runs in a wide horseshoe-shaped curve at the foot of the hill.

History

Its name probably comes from ''Campo di Giano''. The first appearance of the village in the historical record dates to 1240, where it is mentioned as the castle of the former

podestà (), also potestate or podesta in English, was the name given to the holder of the highest civil office in the government of the cities of central and northern Italy during the Late Middle Ages. Sometimes, it meant the chief magistrate of a c ...

Florence Florence ( ; ) is the capital city of the Italy, Italian region of Tuscany. It is also the most populated city in Tuscany, with 362,353 inhabitants, and 989,460 in Metropolitan City of Florence, its metropolitan province as of 2025. Florence ...

Andrea did Giacomo, with

Perugia Perugia ( , ; ; ) is the capital city of Umbria in central Italy, crossed by the River Tiber. The city is located about north of Rome and southeast of Florence. It covers a high hilltop and part of the valleys around the area. It has 162,467 ...

as his and its overlord. The village was sacked by the troops of

Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII (German: ''Heinrich''; Vulgar Latin: ''Arrigo''; 1273 – 24 August 1313),Kleinhenz, pg. 494 also known as Henry of Luxembourg, was Count of Luxembourg, King of Germany ('' Rex Romanorum'') from 1308 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1312 ...

in 1312. In 1361 it tried to secede from the

signoria A ''signoria'' () was the governing authority in many of the Italian city-states during the Medieval and Renaissance periods. The word ''signoria'' comes from ''signore'' (), or "lord", an abstract noun meaning (roughly) "government", "governi ...

of Perugia but in 1398 the castle was returned to Perugian control, passing to count Federico di Bernardino di Marsciano (also subject to Perugia) in 1440. In 1631 work began in the village on the construction of a palazzo for Benedetto Monaldi Baldeschi,

bishop of Perugia A bishop is an ordained member of the clergy who is entrusted with a position of Episcopal polity, authority and oversight in a religious institution. In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance and administration of di ...

, who visited the castle in 1637 and 1641 after his promotion to cardinal.

Economy

In the past it was known for its carpentry, construction of floats, blacksmiths, coopers, and hand-weaving. It has had several generations of furnaces, with a small museum dedicated to them in the village (''Museo del Laterizio e delle Terrecotte'') and a restored historical brick-furnace.

Monuments

* Castle - 13th century, with well-preserved circular walls and curtain walls. The entry gate, on Piazza della Vittoria, is surmounted by a stone tower (rebuilt in the first half of the 16th century), the only survivor of the original five towers. In 1925 the village's campanile was built on the remains of one of the other towers. * Palazzo Monaldi - Corneli (17th century); * Church of S. Cristoforo (13th century), in front of palazzo Monaldi. Around the end of the 18th century, it was almost wholly rebuilt, with a vaulted roof, five altars and paintings by Anton Maria Garbi. It was rebuilt again quite faithfully in 1905. Inside hangs a 17th-century painting of

Saint Christopher Saint Christopher (, , ; ) is venerated by several Christian denominations. According to these traditions, he was a martyr killed in the reign of the 3rd-century Roman Empire, Roman emperor Decius (), or alternatively under the emperor Maximin ...

. * Chiesa della Madonna del Crocifisso (late 16th century), a small church made of bricks. Inside are frescoes by the Perugian painter

Gerardo Dottori Gerardo Dottori (11 November 1884 – 13 June 1977) was an Italian Futurist painter. He signed the ''Futurist Manifesto of Aeropainting'' in 1929. He was associated with the city of Perugia most of his life, living in Milan for six months as ...

, dating to 1921-22: a scene of the life of Jesus and two large angels CompignanoMarscianoSanCristoforo3.jpg, Church San Cristoforo CompignanoMarscianoSantissimoCrocifisso3.jpg, Church Santissimo Crocifisso (Madonna del Crocifisso) CompignanoMarscianoPorta1.jpg, City gate of Campignano CompignanoMarscianoCampanile1.jpg, The campanile of Campignano

Sport

A football field and shooting

References

External links

All
Compignano

Frazioni del Comune di Marsciano

Furnaces of Compignano
{{authority control Frazioni of the Province of Perugia