
The Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun (, PCE-SR), also known as (
Quechua for "Red Sun") is a
Marxist–Leninist–Maoist group in
Ecuador
Ecuador, officially the Republic of Ecuador, is a country in northwestern South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. It also includes the Galápagos Province which contain ...
. It was founded on 1 June 1993 and carried out several minor bombings in that year.
In 1994 the
US State Department
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations. Equivalent to the ministry of foreign affairs o ...
estimated that the group had less than 100 members.
[US State Department. ''Patterns of Global Terrorism'']
Page 13
From inception, until their death, the group's former leader used the ''
nom de guerre
A ''nom de guerre'' (, 'war name') is a pseudonym chosen by someone to use when they are involved in a particular activity, especially fighting in a war.
In Ancien régime, ''ancien régime'' Kingdom of France, France it would be adopted by each n ...
'' "Comrade Joselo". Joselo died on November 6, 2022 with no announcement of a successor. The PCE-SR consists mostly of former members of the underground leftist group The organization follows the ideas of the Peruvian communist leader
Abimael Guzmán
Manuel Rubén Abimael Guzmán Reinoso (; 3 December 1934 − 11 September 2021), also known by his ''nom de guerre'' Chairman Gonzalo (), was a Peruvian Maoist guerrilla leader. He founded the organization Communist Party of Peru – Shining ...
, founder and longtime chairman of the
Shining Path in
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pac ...
. The organization has also become close to the , the
Communist Party of India (Maoist)
The Communist Party of India (Maoist) is a banned Marxist–Leninist-Maoist communist political party and militant organization in India which aims to overthrow the Republic of India through protracted people's war. It was founded on 21 S ...
, and is also a member of the International Communist League (Maoist).
The group has protested for workers' rights, and against increased bureaucratic policing and government displacement of communities from economic infrastructure such as mining. Taking inspiration from the Shining Path, PCE-SR advocates for the peasant seizure of farmlands, electoral boycotting, and violence against state institutions.
History
PCE-SR was founded in 1993 by ''Comrade Joselo'' and initially drew a large membership from the defunct guerrilla organization ''.''
The ideological basis for the PCE-SR originates from the Peruvian Shining Path with the aspiration of implementing the contributions of Gonzalo Thought to the conditions of Ecuador.
In 2007, a documentary titled ''Alfaro Vive Carajo: Del Sueño al Caos'' (From Dream to Chaos) was released which gave testimonies by former AVC members. In response, PCE-SR criticized Santiago Kingman for allegedly distorting the guerrilla struggle and capitulating to the government.
Puka Inti has been accused of being a direct puppet of Shining Path, though it asserts that it is only a supporter of Gonzalo Thought and of the broader international Maoist movement.
See also
*
Insurgency in Ecuador
References
External links
PCE-SR communiqués
Anti-revisionist organizations
Communism in Ecuador
Communist militant groups
Guerrilla movements in Latin America
Communist parties in Ecuador
Communist terrorism
Maoist organizations
Maoist parties
Maoism in South America
Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
Paramilitary organisations based in Ecuador
{{Ecuador-party-stub
Antisemitism in South America