Common Turkic, or Shaz Turkic, is a
taxon
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ...
in some classifications of the
Turkic languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia. The Turkic langua ...
that includes all of them except the
Oghuric languages which had diverged earlier.
Classification
Lars Johanson's proposal contains the following subgroups:
*
Southwestern Common Turkic (Oghuz)
*
Northwestern Common Turkic (Kipchak)
*
Southeastern Common Turkic (Karluk)
*
Northeastern Common Turkic (Siberian)
*
Arghu (Khalaj)
In that classification scheme, Common Turkic is opposed to the
Oghuric languages (Lir-Turkic). The Common Turkic languages are characterized by sound correspondences such as Common Turkic ''š'' versus Oghuric ''l'' and Common Turkic ''z'' versus Oghuric ''r''.
Siberian Turkic is split into a "Central Siberian Turkic" and "North Siberian Turkic" branch within the classification presented in
Glottolog
''Glottolog'' is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials ( grammars, articles, dictionaries) describing individual languages, the database also contains the most up-to-d ...
v4.8.
In other classification schemes (such as those of
Alexander Samoylovich and
Nikolay Baskakov), the internal classification is different.
References
Literature
* Johanson, Lars & Éva Agnes Csató (ed.). 1998. ''The Turkic languages.'' London: Routledge. .
External links
Turkic Languages: Resources – University of Michigan
{{DEFAULTSORT:Turkic, Common, languages
Agglutinative languages
Turkic languages
Vowel-harmony languages