''Columella'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of very small, air-breathing land snails,

terrestrial Terrestrial refers to things related to land or the planet Earth. Terrestrial may also refer to: * Terrestrial animal, an animal that lives on land opposed to living in water, or sometimes an animal that lives on or near the ground, as opposed to ...

pulmonate gastropod

mollusk Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is es ...

s in the family Truncatellinidae, the whorl snails and allies.

Taxonomy

''Columella'' is commonly classified within the

Vertiginidae Vertiginidae, common name the whorl snails, is a family of minute, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Pupilloidea. Distribution The distribution of the Vertiginidae is in ...

. However, as shown by Nekola & Coles (2016), the genus is not that closely related to the Vertiginidae, but may rather be affiliated with the

Chondrinidae Chondrinidae is a family of mostly minute air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the order Pulmonata. Anatomy In this family, the number of haploid chromosomes lies between 26 and 30 (according to the values in ...

or form a pupilloid family of its own. A systematic revision is pending.

Species

Species within the genus ''Columella'' include: * '' Columella acicularis'' Almuhambetova, 1979 * ''

Columella aspera ''Columella aspera'' is a species of very small air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Truncatellinidae, the vertigo snails and allies. Description The 2.0-2.5 x 1.3-1.4 mm. shell has 4-5 whorls ...

'' Waldén, 1966 * ''

Columella columella ''Columella columella'' is a species of minute air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Truncatellinidae, the vertigo snails and allies. This species is not listed in the IUCN red list and not evaluated ...

'' ( G. v. Martens, 1830) * '' Columella edentula'' ( Draparnaud, 1805) - toothless column * ''

Columella hartmutnordsiecki Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' Schlickum & Geissert, 1980 * ''

Columella hasta Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the wo ...

'' (Hanna, 1911) * ''

Columella intermedia Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' Schileyko & Almuhambetova, 1984 * ''

Columella microspora Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' (R.T. Lowe, 1852) * ''

Columella nymphaepratensis Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' Hlaváč & Pokryszko, 2009 * ''

Columella polvonense Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' (Pilsbry, 1894) * ''

Columella simplex Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' (Gould, 1840) * ''

Columella talgarica Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' Schileyko & Rymzhanov, 2010 * ''

Columella wyciski Lucius Junius Moderatus Columella (; Arabic: , 4 – ) was a prominent writer on agriculture in the Roman Empire. His ' in twelve volumes has been completely preserved and forms an important source on Roman agriculture, together with the ...

'' Schlickum & Strauch, 1972 ;Species brought into synonymy: * ''Columella inornata'' (Michaud, 1831): synonym of ''Columella edentula'' (Draparnaud, 1805) (junior synonym) * ''Columella ninagongonis'' Pilsbry, 1935: synonym of ''

Truncatellina ninagongonis ''Truncatellina'' is a genus of very small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Truncatellinidae.MolluscaBase (2018). Truncatellina R. T. Lowe, 1852. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Specie ...

'' (Pilsbry, 1935) (original combination) * ''Columella tridentata'' A. B. Leonard, 1946: synonym of '' Gastrocopta ruidosensis'' (Cockerell, 1899)

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Columella (Genus) Truncatellinidae