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The Colombian forest mouse (''Chilomys instans'') is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. Some authorities consider it to be the only species in the genus ''Chilomys'', while others accept ''Chilomys fumeus'' as being a valid species, and it may form part of a species complex. It is found in
Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
, Ecuador, and Venezuela.


Description

''Chilomys instans'' is very similar to ''Chilomys fumeus'' in size and appearance. Both are small sigmodontines, with a head-and-body length of and a tail length of . The ears are medium-sized and clad in short hairs, and the body fur is woolly and short. The dorsal surface is dark grey to greyish-brown and the underparts are a similar colour. The hind feet are narrow, and the slender tail is clad with short hairs, and often has a white tip. There are three pairs of mammary glands. The chief differences between the two species lies in the morphology of the skull.


Taxonomy

Based on both molecular and morphological studies, ''C. instans'' is believed to be most closely related to thomasomyine
sigmodontine The rodent subfamily Sigmodontinae includes New World rats and mice, with at least 376 species. Many authorities include the Neotominae and Tylomyinae as part of a larger definition of Sigmodontinae. When those genera are included, the species c ...
s such as '' Aepeomys'', ''
Rhagomys ''Rhagomys'' is a genus of South American rodents in the tribe Thomasomyini of the family Cricetidae. Two species separated by about 3100 km are known, from southeast Peru and Bolivia east of the Andes, and in the Atlantic Forest of southea ...
'', ''
Rhipidomys ''Rhipidomys'' is a genus of rodents in the family Cricetidae, The following 24 species of climbing mouse species are currently recognised: * ''Rhipidomys albujai'' * Southern climbing mouse (''Rhipidomys austrinus'') * Cariri climbing mouse ...
'' and ''
Thomasomys ''Thomasomys'' is a genus of rodent in the family Cricetidae, named after British zoologist Oldfield Thomas. Nuclear DNA sequence analysis has indicated that it is a sister taxon to ''Rhagomys''. It contains the following species: * Anderson ...
''. The genus' morphology has been described as "peculiar".


Distribution and habitat

The Colombian forest mouse is native to South America. It occurs in mountainous areas of Venezuela, Colombia and Ecuador, in humid forests at altitudes of between .


Ecology

Little is known of the behaviour. It seems to be nocturnal and lives on the ground where it creates runways among the mosses of the forest floor. Its diet includes insects, worms and plant material, and three new species of beetle have been identified from the stomach contents of this mouse in Colombia. The larger woodland Oldfield mouse (''Thomasomys hylophilus'') shares its range.


Status

The International Union for Conservation of Nature has rated this species as being of " least concern" on the basis that it has a wide distribution, is presumed to have a large population, occurs in several protected areas, and is not likely to be declining at a sufficient rate to qualify to be listed in a more-threatened category.


References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q1388817 Thomasomyini Mammals of Colombia Mammals of Ecuador Mammals of Venezuela Mammals of the Andes Mammals described in 1895 Taxa named by Oldfield Thomas Taxonomy articles created by Polbot