The Applied Research in Patacriticism (ARP) was a

digital humanities Digital humanities (DH) is an area of scholarly activity at the intersection of computing or digital technologies and the disciplines of the humanities. It includes the systematic use of digital resources in the humanities, as well as the analy ...

lab based at the

University of Virginia The University of Virginia (UVA) is a public research university in Charlottesville, Virginia. Founded in 1819 by Thomas Jefferson, the university is ranked among the top academic institutions in the United States, with College admission ...

founded and run by

Jerome McGann Jerome John McGann (born July 22, 1937) is an American academic and textual scholar whose work focuses on the history of literature and culture from the late eighteenth century to the present. Career Educated at Le Moyne College ( B.S. 1959), S ...

and

Johanna Drucker Johanna Drucker (born May 30, 1952) is an American author, book artist, visual theorist, and cultural critic. Her scholarly writing documents and critiques visual language: letterforms, typography, visual poetry, art, and lately, digital art aest ...

. ARP's

open-source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized sof ...

tools include Juxta, IVANHOE, and Collex. Collex is the

social software Social software, also known as social apps or social platform, include communications and interactive tools that are often based on the Internet. Communication tools typically handle the capturing, storing and presentation of communication, usua ...

and faceted browsing backbone of the NINES federation. ARP was funded by the

Mellon Foundation The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation of New York City in the United States, simply known as Mellon Foundation, is a private foundation with five core areas of interest, and endowed with wealth accumulated by Andrew Mellon of the Mellon family of Pitt ...

Projects

IVANHOE

IVANHOE is an

open source Open source is source code that is made freely available for possible modification and redistribution. Products include permission to use the source code, design documents, or content of the product. The open-source model is a decentralized sof ...

electronic

role-playing game A role-playing game (sometimes spelled roleplaying game, RPG) is a game in which players assume the roles of player character, characters in a fictional Setting (narrative), setting. Players take responsibility for acting out these roles within ...

for educational use. It was developed by ARP at the

. It is so named because

Sir Walter Scott Sir Walter Scott, 1st Baronet (15 August 1771 – 21 September 1832), was a Scottish novelist, poet, playwright and historian. Many of his works remain classics of European and Scottish literature, notably the novels '' Ivanhoe'', '' Rob Roy ...

's novel, ''

Ivanhoe ''Ivanhoe: A Romance'' () by Walter Scott is a historical novel published in three volumes, in 1819, as one of the Waverley novels. Set in England in the Middle Ages, this novel marked a shift away from Scott’s prior practice of setting st ...

'', was used as the source text for the very first IVANHOE game. IVANHOE is notable as an example of the use of ludic or game-related techniques in higher education in the humanities.

NINES

NINES is the Networked Infrastructure for Nineteenth-century Electronic Scholarship, a scholarly organization in British and American nineteenth-century studies supported by ARP, a software development group assembling a suite of critical and editorial tools for digital scholarship. It was founded in 2003 by

at the

. NINES serves as a clearinghouse for

peer-reviewed Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work ( peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer revie ...

digital resources, which can be collected, annotated, and re-used in online "exhibits." It is powered by

Collex software. In 2011, the NINES model was expanded to include a sister site in eighteenth-century studies, called 18thConnect.

Collex

Collex is an

and faceted browsing tool designed for

. It includes

folksonomy Folksonomy is a classification system in which end users apply public tags to online items, typically to make those items easier for themselves or others to find later. Over time, this can give rise to a classification system based on those tag ...

features and is under construction at ARP. The first release of Collex is used in the NINES initiative, but it is
generalizable tool
that can be applied to other subject domains. Collex is an early example of a scholar-driven

Library 2.0 Library 2.0 is a proposed concept for library services that facilitate user contributions and other features of Web 2.0, which includes online services such as OPAC systems. The concept is based on Radical Trust, and proponents suggest it will ...

initiative and, like NINES, was conceived as a response to economic problems in

tenure Tenure is a category of academic appointment existing in some countries. A tenured post is an indefinite academic appointment that can be terminated only for cause or under extraordinary circumstances, such as financial exigency or program disco ...

and

academic publishing Academic publishing is the subfield of publishing which distributes academic research and scholarship. Most academic work is published in academic journal articles, books or theses. The part of academic written output that is not formally pub ...

.Bethany Nowviskie, Collex: Semantic Collections and Exhibits for the Remixable Web
/ref>

Juxta

Juxta is an

tool for performing

bibliographical Bibliography (from and ), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from ). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes ''bibliography ...

collations for scholarly use in

textual criticism Textual criticism is a branch of textual scholarship, philology, and of literary criticism that is concerned with the identification of textual variants, or different versions, of either manuscripts or of printed books. Such texts may range in ...

. It was developed by ARP at the

under the direction of textual theorist

. The original application was a Java-based clien
available for free download
In October 2012, the Research and Development team at NINES release
Juxta Commons
a fully online version of the software.

References

Selected bibliography

Texts in N-Dimensions and Interpretation in a New Key, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)
*

Designing Ivanhoe, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)
* Chandler Sansing
Case Study and Appeal: Building the Ivanhoe Game for Classroom Flexibility, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)
* Bethany Nowviskie
Subjectivity in the Ivanhoe Game:Visual and Computational Strategies, in: ''Text Technology'' 12,2 (2003)

Juxta software website
{{DEFAULTSORT:Arp (Laboratory) University of Virginia Textual scholarship