''Coenonympha'' is a

butterfly Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The group comprises ...

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

belonging to the

Coenonymphina The Satyrini is one of the tribes of the subfamily Satyrinae. It includes about 2200 species and is therefore the largest tribe in the subfamily which comprises 2500 species. Distribution Satyrini butterflies have a worldwide distribution, ...

, a

subtribe Subtribe is a taxonomic category ranking which is below the rank of tribe and above genus. The standard suffix for a subtribe is -ina (in animals) or -inae (in plants). The early use of this word is from 19th century. An example of subtribe i ...

of the browns (

Satyrinae The Satyrinae, the satyrines or satyrids, commonly known as the browns, are a subfamily of the Nymphalidae (brush-footed butterflies). They were formerly considered a distinct family, Satyridae. This group contains nearly half of the known diver ...

). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (

Nymphalidae The Nymphalidae are the largest family of butterflies, with more than 6,000 species distributed throughout most of the world. Belonging to the superfamily Papilionoidea, they are usually medium-sized to large butterflies. Most species have a re ...

). As a rule,

Palearctic The Palearctic or Palaearctic is the largest of the eight biogeographic realms of the Earth. It stretches across all of Eurasia north of the foothills of the Himalayas, and North Africa. The realm consists of several bioregions: the Euro-Si ...

species are colloquially called heaths, while

Nearctic The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface. The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America ...

ones are called ringlets. Neither term is limited to members of this genus, however.

Selected species

Listed alphabetically:See references in Savela (2008) * '' Coenonympha amaryllis'' Stoll, 1782 * '' Coenonympha ampelos'' Edwards, 1871 – northwest ringlet * '' Coenonympha arcania'' (Linnaeus, 1761) – pearly heath * '' Coenonympha arcanioides'' Pierret, 1837 – Moroccan pearly heath * '' Coenonympha caeca'' Staudinger, 1886 * '' Coenonympha california'' Westwood, 1851 – California ringlet * ''

Coenonympha corinna ''Coenonympha corinna'', the Corsican heath, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae It is found on the Mediterranean islands of Corsica Corsica ( , Upper , Southern ; it, Corsica; ; french: Corse ; lij, Còrsega; sc, Còssiga) is a ...

'' (Hübner, 1804) – Corsican heath orsica, Sardinia, Elba * '' Coenonympha darwiniana'' Staudinger, 1871 (sometimes in ''C. gardetta'', or ''C. arcania × C. gardetta'') ** ''Coenonympha (darwiniana) macromma'' Turati & Verity 1910 * '' Coenonympha × decolorata'' Wagner, 1913 (= ''C. mahometana × C. sunbecca'') * ''

Coenonympha dorus ''Coenonympha dorus'', the dusky heath, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in south-western Europe and North Africa. The length of the forewings is 16–17 mm. Seitz ''C. dorus'' Esp. (= ''dorilis'' Bkh., ''dorion'' H ...

'' (Esper, 1782) – dusky heath * '' Coenonympha fettigii'' Oberthür, 1874 * '' Coenonympha gardetta'' (de Prunner, 1798) – Alpine heath lps, northern Balkans* '' Coenonympha glycerion'' (Borkhausen, 1788) – chestnut heath * '' Coenonympha haydenii'' Edwards, 1872 – Hayden's ringlet, Wyoming ringlet, Yellowstone ringlet * '' Coenonympha hero'' (Linnaeus, 1761) – scarce heath * '' Coenonympha inornata'' Edwards, 1861 – prairie ringlet * '' Coenonympha iphioides'' Staudinger, 1870 – Spanish heath * '' Coenonympha kodiak'' Edwards, 1869 – Kodiak ringlet * '' Coenonympha leander'' Esper, 1784 – Russian heath * '' Coenonympha mahometana'' Alphéraky, 1881 * '' Coenonympha mangeri'' Bang Haas, 1927 * ''

Coenonympha mongolica ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies ( Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, ...

'' Alphéraky, 1881 * ''

Coenonympha nipisiquit ''Coenonympha nipisiquit'', the maritime ringlet, is a rare butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is a "species at risk" in Canada due to water pollution and its limited range. Its range is restricted in Canada to the Chaleur Bay region, betw ...

'' McDunnough, 1939 – maritime ringlet * ''

Coenonympha nolckeni ''Coenonympha nolckeni'' is a species of butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is found in parts of the Tian-Shan region, mainly Uzbekistan, and north and west Pamir Mountains The Pamir Mountains are a mountain range between Central Asia ...

'' Erschoff, 1874 * '' Coenonympha ochracea'' Edwards, 1861 – ocher ringlet * '' Coenonympha oedippus'' (Fabricius, 1787) – false ringlet * ''

Coenonympha pamphilus The small heath (''Coenonympha pamphilus'') is a butterfly species belonging to the family Nymphalidae, classified within the subfamily Satyrinae (commonly known as "the browns"). It is the smallest butterfly in this subfamily. The small heat ...

'' (Linnaeus, 1758) – small heath * ''

Coenonympha pavonina ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies ( Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, w ...

'' Alphéraky, 1888 * '' Coenonympha rhodopensis'' Elwes, 1900 – eastern large heath taly, Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, N.Greece, Yugoslavia* ''

Coenonympha saadi ''Coenonympha saadi'', the Saadi heath is a butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. The species is distributed in Transcaucasia, Iran, Iraq, and south-eastern Turkey.Butterfly Conservation Europe http://www.butterfly-conservation-a ...

'' Kollar, 1849 * '' Coenonympha semenovi'' Alphéraky, 1887 * ''

Coenonympha sinica ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies ( Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, w ...

'' Alphéraky, 1888 * ''

Coenonympha sunbecca ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies ( Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, ...

'' Eversmann, 1843 * ''

Coenonympha symphita ''Coenonympha symphita'', or Lederer's heath, is a butterfly belonging to the family Nymphalidae. It is found in north-eastern Turkey, south-western Georgia, and north-western Armenia. The habitat is calcareous grasslands at 2000–2500 ...

'' Lederer, 1870 * ''

Coenonympha thyrsis ''Coenonympha thyrsis'' is a small butterfly found in the Palearctic that belongs to the browns family. It is endemic to Crete. Description from Seitz C. thyrsis Fn-. (48 e). Nearest to the preceding 'C. vaucheri'', but the apical ocellus ...

'' Freyer, 1845 * ''

Coenonympha tullia ''Coenonympha tullia'', the large heath or common ringlet, is a butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It flies in a variety of grassy habitats, including roadsides, woodland edges and clearings, prairies, bogs, and arctic and alpine taiga and t ...

'' (Müller, 1764) – large heath, common ringlet * ''

Coenonympha tydeus ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies ( Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, ...

'' Leech, 1892 * ''

Coenonympha vaucheri ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies (Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, wh ...

'' Blachier, 1905 – Vaucher's heath * ''

Coenonympha xinjiangensis ''Coenonympha'' is a butterfly genus belonging to the Coenonymphina, a subtribe of the browns (Satyrinae). The latter are a subfamily of the brush-footed butterflies ( Nymphalidae). As a rule, Palearctic species are colloquially called heaths, w ...

'' Chou & Huang, 1994

Gallery

Coenonympha arcania (HS).jpg, '' Coenonympha arcania'' Coenonympha dorus (2008.08.13 Alquezar Spain).jpg, ''

'' Coenonympha gardetta gardetta 01 (HS).JPG, '' Coenonympha gardetta'' Coenonympha glycerion.JPG, '' Coenonympha glycerion'' (MHNT) Coenonympha hero - Krakow Poland - male ventral.jpg, '' Coenonympha hero'' Satyridae - Coenonympha pamphilus (1).JPG, ''

'' Common Ringlet.jpg, ''

'' (MHNT) Coenonympha vaucheri - Tizi-n-Tamda, Maroc - male dorsal.jpg, ''

Footnotes

References

"''Coenonympha'' Hübner,
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Coenonympha"> Satyrini">819]"
at Markku Savela's ''Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms'' Coenonympha"> Satyrini Butterfly genera Taxa named by Jacob Hübner {{Satyrini-stub