Coeliadinae is a subfamily of the

skipper butterfly Skippers are a family of the Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) named the Hesperiidae. Being diurnal, they are generally called butterflies. They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea; however, the most recent taxonomy ...

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

(Hesperiidae). With about 150 described species, this is one of several smallish skipper butterfly subfamilies. It was first proposed by William Frederick Evans in 1937.Brower & Warren (2009) The subfamily is restricted to the

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by th ...

tropics The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred ...

. It comprises the most

basal Basal or basilar is a term meaning ''base'', ''bottom'', or ''minimum''. Science * Basal (anatomy), an anatomical term of location for features associated with the base of an organism or structure * Basal (medicine), a minimal level that is nec ...

living lineage of skippers. In Coeliadinae the second segment of the palpi is erect and densely scaled, and the third segment is perpendicular to it, long, slender and without scales.

Genera

There has only been limited

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics (; from Greek φυλή/ φῦλον [] "tribe, clan, race", and wikt:γενετικός, γενετικός [] "origin, source, birth") is the study of the evolutionary history and relationships among or within groups o ...

study of this subfamily, and several issues still need to be resolved. For example, the genus ''Burara'' is here included in ''

Bibasis ''Bibasis'', the awlets, are a genus of skipper butterflies. The genus is confined to the Indomalayan realm. Vane-Wright and de Jong (2003) state that ''Bibasis'' contains just three diurnal species (''B. aquilina'', ''B. iluska'', ''B. sena'') ...

'', because they are both not

monophyletic In cladistics for a group of organisms, monophyly is the condition of being a clade—that is, a group of taxa composed only of a common ancestor (or more precisely an ancestral population) and all of its lineal descendants. Monophyletic ...

if their traditional delimitation is maintained. However, they may well consist of two different lineages, but where to draw the line between them and what name to use for the second genus all remain to be determined. In the provisional phylogenetic sequence, the genera of Coeliadinae are: * '' Allora'' * ''

Pyrrhiades ''Pyrrhiades'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Hesperiidae. It contains only one species, ''Pyrrhiades lucagus'', the western blue policeman, which is found in Liberia, Ivory Coast and Ghana. The habitat consists of coastal forests. Adu ...

'' * ''

Pyrrhochalcia ''Pyrrhochalcia'' is a genus of butterflies in the family Hesperiidae. It contains only one species, ''Pyrrhochalcia iphis'', the African giant skipper, which is found in Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Nigeria, Came ...

'' – African giant skipper * ''

Badamia ''Badamia'' is an Indoaustralian genus of skipper butterflies containing two species. The larvae feed on ''Terminalia'' (Combretaceae). Species The genus includes the following species: * '' Badamia atrox'' (Butler, 1877) (Fiji Fiji ...

'' * ''

'' – awlets (including ''Burara'') * ''

Hasora ''Hasora'', the awls, are a genus of skipper butterflies. ''Hasora'' species are found in the Indomalayan and Australasian realms. Species * '' Hasora alta'' de Jong, 1982 Sumatra * ''Hasora anura'' - slate awl ** ''Hasora anura taiwana'' Hsu, ...

'' – awls * '' Choaspes'' * ''

Coeliades ''Coeliades'' is a genus of large skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae) found in Subsaharan Africa. They are commonly known as policemen. Species Listed alphabetically.Williams, Mark (2008) Butterflies and Skippers of the Afrotropical Region. ...

'' – policemen

Footnotes

References

* (2009): Tree of Life Web Project &ndash
Coeliadinae
Version of 2009-JUN-11. Retrieved 2009-DEC-24.

External links

Flickr
Taxa named by William Frederick Evans Butterfly subfamilies {{hesperiidae-stub