The Codex Sangallensis 907, designated S, is an 8th-century

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power ...

manuscript of the

New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...

. The text, written on

vellum Vellum is prepared animal skin or membrane, typically used as writing material. Parchment is another term for this material, from which vellum is sometimes distinguished, when it is made from calfskin, as opposed to that made from other ani ...

, is a version of the Latin

Vulgate The Vulgate (; also called (Bible in common tongue), ) is a late-4th-century Bible translations into Latin, Latin translation of the Bible. The Vulgate is largely the work of Jerome who, in 382, had been commissioned by Pope Damasus&nbs ...

Bible. It contains the text of the Catholic epistles,

Book of Revelation The Book of Revelation is the final book of the New Testament (and consequently the final book of the Christian Bible). Its title is derived from the first word of the Koine Greek text: , meaning "unveiling" or "revelation". The Book o ...

, and non-biblical material (an ''Etymological dictionary'', ''Four ages''). The manuscript did not survived in a complete condition and some parts of it has been lost. The codex contains the

Comma Johanneum The Johannine Comma ( la, Comma Johanneum) is an interpolated phrase ( comma) in verses of the First Epistle of John. The text (with the comma in italics and enclosed by square brackets) in the King James Bible reads: It became a touchpoint ...

Description

Codex Sangallensis 907 contains the Catholic epistles on the pages 237–297, the Apocalypse 1:1-7:2 on the pages 303–318. It contains also Old Testament books -

Book of Numbers The book of Numbers (from Greek Ἀριθμοί, ''Arithmoi''; he, בְּמִדְבַּר, ''Bəmīḏbar'', "In the desert f) is the fourth book of the Hebrew Bible, and the fourth of five books of the Jewish Torah. The book has a long and com ...

and

Book of Deuteronomy Deuteronomy ( grc, Δευτερονόμιον, Deuteronómion, second law) is the fifth and last book of the Torah (in Judaism), where it is called (Hebrew: hbo, , Dəḇārīm, hewords Moses.html" ;"title="f Moses">f Moseslabel=none) and ...

. on 160 parchment leaves (25 by 17.5 cm). On folios 19-20, it has additional material: the ''

Four Ages of the World The Ages of Man are the historical stages of human existence according to Greek mythology and its subsequent Roman interpretation. Both Hesiod and Ovid offered accounts of the successive ages of humanity, which tend to progress from an origina ...

''. According to this material, the

Longobards The Lombards () or Langobards ( la, Langobardi) were a Germanic people who ruled most of the Italian Peninsula from 568 to 774. The medieval Lombard historian Paul the Deacon wrote in the ''History of the Lombards'' (written between 787 and ...

conquered Italy in the year 5772 (from the creation of the world). On folios 21-217 it has ''Etymological dictionary''.Cod. Sang. 907
at the e-codices The text is written 24 lines in one column per page, in

semi-uncial Uncial is a majuscule Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall. (1996) ''Encyclopedia of the Book''. 2nd edn. New Castle, DE, and London: Oak Knoll Press & The British Library, p. 494. script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th to ...

letters. The ink is black, with the initial letters being uncials and in colour. The initial letters are written very carefully and decorated by zoomorphic motives like fish. The

nomina sacra In Christian scribal practice, nomina sacra (singular: ''nomen sacrum'' from Latin ''sacred name'') is the abbreviation of several frequently occurring divine names or titles, especially in Greek manuscripts of the Bible. A nomen sacrum consists ...

are written in an abbreviated way and in Greek letters. The text of the codex is a mixture of the

text-types Text types in literature form the basic styles of writing. Factual texts merely seek to inform, whereas literary texts seek to entertain or otherwise engage the reader by using creative language and imagery. There are many aspects to literary writ ...

. It contains the spurious text of the

after 1 John 5:8 (in the same location as in the

Codex Cavensis The La Cava Bible or ''Codex Cavensis'' (Cava de' Tirreni, Biblioteca statale del Monumento Nazionale Badia di Cava, Ms. memb. I) is a 9th-century Latin illuminated Bible, which was produced in Spain, probably in the Kingdom of Asturias during the ...

).Nestle-Aland, ''Novum Testamentum Latine'',

Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft The Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft ("German Bible Society") is a religious foundation regulated by public law. It is involved in publishing and in spreading the message of the Bible. The Society publishes the Bible in the original languages and in ...

, Stuttgart 2008, p. 623. It reads ''filio'' (''for son'') in 1 John 5:10, where the majority of manuscripts have ''Deo'' (''for God'').Nestle-Aland, ''Novum Testamentum Latine'',

, Stuttgart 2008, p. 624. In 5:17 it reads ''iniquitas'' (''wrongdoing'') for ''iniustitia'' (''unrighteousness'').

History

The manuscript was written by the monk

Winithar Winithar was a medieval scribe, the earliest known scribe from the scriptorium of the Abbey of Saint Gall in present-day Switzerland. The birth and death dates of Winithar are not known. He is mentioned for the first time in written sources in 7 ...

and examined and described by Gustav Scherrer and Samuel Berger. The manuscript was collated by

Henry Julian White Henry Julian White (27 August 1859 – 16 July 1934) was an English biblical scholar. White was born in Islington, north London, the second son of Henry John White. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, matriculating on 11 October 1878, gra ...

John Wordsworth John Wordsworth (1843–1911) was an English Anglican bishop and classical scholar. He was Oriel Professor of the Interpretation of Holy Scripture at the University of Oxford from 1883 to 1885, and Bishop of Salisbury from 1885 to 1911. Lif ...

Wordsworth designated the manuscript by

siglum Scribal abbreviations or sigla (singular: siglum) are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse. In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanica ...

S₂. It was digitised and it is available on the site of the ''Virtual Manuscript Library of Switzerland''. Currently it is housed at the

Abbey library of Saint Gall The Abbey Library of Saint Gall (german: Stiftsbibliothek) is a significant medieval monastic library located in St. Gallen, Switzerland. In 1983, the library, as well as the Abbey of St. Gall, were designated a World Heritage Site, as “an outs ...

(907) in

St. Gallen , neighboring_municipalities = Eggersriet, Gaiserwald, Gossau, Herisau (AR), Mörschwil, Speicher (AR), Stein (AR), Teufen (AR), Untereggen, Wittenbach , twintowns = Liberec (Czech Republic) , website ...

References

External links

Cod. Sang. 907
at the e-codices {{DEFAULTSORT:Sangallensis 907 Vulgate manuscripts 8th-century biblical manuscripts Manuscripts of the Abbey library of Saint Gall

Description

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links