Codex Borgianus, designated by T or 029 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 5 ( von Soden), is a Greek and

Sahidic Coptic (Bohairic Coptic: , ) is a language family of closely related dialects, representing the most recent developments of the Egyptian language, and historically spoken by the Copts, starting from the third-century AD in Roman Egypt. Coptic ...

uncial Uncial is a majuscule Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall. (1996) ''Encyclopedia of the Book''. 2nd edn. New Castle, DE, and London: Oak Knoll Press & The British Library, p. 494. script (written entirely in capital letters) commonly used from the 4th to ...

manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printed or reproduced ...

of the Gospels, dated palaeographically to the 5th century. The name of the codex came from its former owners.

Contains

The Greek text of the codex contains: * Luke 6:18-26; 18:2-9.10-16; 18:32-19:8; 21:33-22:3; 22:20-23:20; 24:25-27; 29-31; * John 1:24-32; 3:10-17; 4:52-5:7; 6:28-67; 7:6-8:31. The Sahidic text of the codex contains: * Luke 6:11-18; 17:29-18:9; 18:?-42; 21:25-32; 22:12-23:11; 24:18-19; 24:21-23; * John 1:16-23; 3:2-10; 4:45-52; 6:21-58; 6:58-8:23.

Description

The codex contains 17 parchment leaves (), with fragments of the

Gospel of Luke The Gospel of Luke), or simply Luke (which is also its most common form of abbreviation). tells of the origins, birth, ministry, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus Christ. Together with the Acts of the Apostles, it makes up a two ...

6, 17-19, 21-24 and

Gospel of John The Gospel of John ( grc, Εὐαγγέλιον κατὰ Ἰωάννην, translit=Euangélion katà Iōánnēn) is the fourth of the four canonical gospels. It contains a highly schematic account of the ministry of Jesus, with seven "sig ...

1, 3-4, 6-8. The manuscript is written in two columns per page, 26-33 lines per page, with the Greek and Sahidic on facing pages. Lines are very short, only 6, 7, 8, and 9 letters in lines. It is written in large letters compressed only on the edge. The letters are square. Tischendorf suggested the scribe was a Copt, because the letters often show Coptic forms. There is no notation of sections or other divisions. The shapes of ''alpha'' and ''iota'' are specially noticeable. It has no accents and breathings.

Text

The Greek text of this

codex The codex (plural codices ) was the historical ancestor of the modern book. Instead of being composed of sheets of paper, it used sheets of vellum, papyrus, or other materials. The term ''codex'' is often used for ancient manuscript books, with ...

is a secondary representative of the

Alexandrian text-type In textual criticism of the New Testament, the Alexandrian text-type is one of the main text types. It is the text type favored by the majority of modern textual critics and it is the basis for most modern (after 1900) Bible translations. Over ...

(named also Egyptian text) with a mixture of the

Byzantine The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire primarily in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantin ...

readings.

Kurt Aland Kurt Aland (28 March 1915 – 13 April 1994) was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism. He founded the ''Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung'' (Institute for New Testament Textual ...

placed it in Category II. The Alexandrian text of the Gospel of John stands in close relationship to the Codex Vaticanus, and P⁷⁵. The text of Luke 22:43-44 is omitted, as in codices p⁷⁵, א*, A, B, 1071. It does not contain John 5:4 (0125) or the Pericope Adulterae ( John 7:53-8:11). It reads βηθαβαρα in John 1:28 and βηθσαιδα in John 5:2.

History

The manuscript came from the White Monastery. It once belonged to Cardinal

Stefano Borgia Stefano Borgia (3 December 1731 – 1804) was an Italian Cardinal, theologian, antiquarian, and historian. Life Cardinal Borgia belonged to a well known family of Velletri, where he was born, and was a member of the collateral branch of House ...

, hence the name of the codex. Fragments of the codex were discovered independently at separate times and were numbered 029, 0113, 0125, and 0139. Together they have 23 leaves. "It appears that the ignorant monk who brought this manuscript with him from Egypt to Europe, was so unaware of its value, that he lost the greater part of the leaves". The text of Codex 029 was carefully edited in 1789 by A. A. Giorgi. The manuscript was examined by

Birch A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus ''Betula'' (), in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams. It is closely related to the beech- oak family Fagaceae. The genus ''Betula'' contains 3 ...

, who collated the Greek text of 029. Birch gave this description of the codex:

Codex in membranis scriptus est, charactere inciali quadro, graeco textui adjecta est versio coptica. Vehementer sane dolendum, particulam tam exiguam eximini codicis servatam esse, ex quo, si integrum aetas tulisset, plurima ad textus emendationem peti potuissent.A. Birch,
Variae Lectiones ad Textum IV Evangeliorum
', Haunie 1801, p. LVII

Henri Hyvernat Henri Eugene Xavier Louis Hyvernat (30 June 1858 – 29 May 1941) was a Franco-American Coptologist, Semitist and orientalist. Life Henri Hyvnernat was born in Saint-Julien-en-Jarret (now part of L'Horme, Loire department) on 30 June 1858, th ...

purchased two pages in 1912 in Cairo for

John Pierpont Morgan John Pierpont Morgan Sr. (April 17, 1837 – March 31, 1913) was an American financier and investment banker who dominated corporate finance on Wall Street throughout the Gilded Age. As the head of the banking firm that ultimately became know ...

Present location

A few leaves from

Uncial 070 Uncial 070 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 6 ( Soden), is a Greek-Coptic diglot uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 6th century. Uncial 070 belonged to the same manuscript as codices: 0110 ...

, formerly designated by T^a, were wrongly listed by Tregelles as a part of the same codex to which Borgianus belonged. The codex is located at the

Vatican Library The Vatican Apostolic Library ( la, Bibliotheca Apostolica Vaticana, it, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana), more commonly known as the Vatican Library or informally as the Vat, is the library of the Holy See, located in Vatican City. Formally es ...

(Borgia Coptic 109), in

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the U ...

( Pierpont Morgan M 664A), and in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. ...

( BnF Copt. 129).

References

External links

* {{Cite web , url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=20029 , title=Liste Handschriften , publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research , access-date=21 April 2011 , location=Münster
Codex Borgianus T (029)
at the ''Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism''
Uncial 029
at the Wieland Willker, "Textual Commentary"
Uncial T/029 New York fragments
full text of "New York Fragments" at the Wieland Willker, "Textual Commentary" Borgianus Greek-Coptic diglot manuscripts of the New Testament 5th-century biblical manuscripts Bibliothèque nationale de France collections