''Cochranella litoralis'' is a species of

frog A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura (ανοὐρά, literally ''without tail'' in Ancient Greek). The oldest fossil "proto-frog" '' Triadobatrachus'' is ...

in the family Centrolenidae. It is known from the Pacific lowlands of southwestern Colombia ( Cauca and Nariño Departments) and northern

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechuan languages, Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar language, Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechuan ...

(

Esmeraldas Province Esmeraldas () is a province in northwestern Ecuador. The capital is Esmeraldas. The province is home to the Afro-Ecuadorian culture. Demographics Ethnic groups as of the Ecuadorian census of 2010: *Mestizo 44.7% * Afro-Ecuadorian 43.9% * ...

). The specific name ''litoralis'' refers to the proximity of the

type locality Type locality may refer to: * Type locality (biology) * Type locality (geology) See also * Local (disambiguation) * Locality (disambiguation) {{disambiguation ...

to the sea.

Description

Adult males measure in snout–vent length; female size is unknown. The snout is truncated. The tympanum is visible and only slightly obscured by the supra-tympanic fold posterodorsally. The fingers have absent to moderate webbing (from inner to outer fingers). The toes are moderately webbed. The dorsum is yellowish green and has dark gray spots. The ventral parietal

peritoneum The peritoneum is the serous membrane forming the lining of the abdominal cavity or coelom in amniotes and some invertebrates, such as annelids. It covers most of the intra-abdominal (or coelomic) organs, and is composed of a layer of mesot ...

is white. Adult males have a visible small

humeral The humerus (; ) is a long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius and ulna, and consists of three sections. The humeral upper extremity consists of a ro ...

spine. The pre-

pollical The thumb is the first digit of the hand, next to the index finger. When a person is standing in the medical anatomical position (where the palm is facing to the front), the thumb is the outermost digit. The Medical Latin English noun for thumb ...

spine is clearly separated from the first finger. The

iris Iris most often refers to: *Iris (anatomy), part of the eye *Iris (mythology), a Greek goddess * ''Iris'' (plant), a genus of flowering plants * Iris (color), an ambiguous color term Iris or IRIS may also refer to: Arts and media Fictional ent ...

is gray and has no evident dark reticulation.

Habitat and conservation

''Centrolene litorale'' occurs in tropical lowland rainforests at elevations of

above sea level Height above mean sea level is a measure of the vertical distance (height, elevation or altitude) of a location in reference to a historic mean sea level taken as a vertical datum. In geodesy, it is formalized as '' orthometric heights''. The ...

. Reproduction is unknown but presumably takes place in streams. The Ecuadorian populations are threatened by logging.

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q28055729 litoralis Amphibians of Colombia Amphibians of Ecuador Taxa named by John Douglas Lynch Amphibians described in 1996 Taxonomy articles created by Polbot