''Cnephasia'' is a
genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...
of
tortrix moth
The Tortricidae are a family of moths, commonly known as tortrix moths or leafroller moths, in the order Lepidoptera. This large family has over 11,000 species described, and is the sole member of the superfamily Tortricoidea, although the genu ...
s (
family
Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...
Tortricidae). It belongs to the
subfamily
In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...
Tortricinae
The Tortricinae are the nominate subfamily of tortrix moths. Commonly referred to as leafrollers, as the larvae build shelters by folding or rolling leaves of the food plant, the tortricinae include several notable pests as well species used as ...
and therein to the
tribe
The term tribe is used in many different contexts to refer to a category of human social group. The predominant worldwide use of the term in English is in the discipline of anthropology. The definition is contested, in part due to conflict ...
Cnephasiini
The Cnephasiini are a tribe of tortrix moths.
Genera
:'' Amphicoecia''
:'' Archicnephasia''
:''Arotrophora''
:'' Astrosa''
:''Cnephasia''
:'' Decodes''
:'' Decodina''
:'' Doloploca''
:'' Drachmobola''
:'' Eana''
:'' Epicnephasia''
:''Exapate''
: ...
, of which it is the
type genus
In biological taxonomy, the type genus (''genus typica'') is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name.
Zoological nomenclature
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearin ...
.
Taxonomy and systematics
The
type species
In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...
around which ''Cnephasia'' was established by
J. Curtis in 1826 (in the explanations to
plate 100 of his ''
British Entomology
''British Entomology'' is a classic work of entomology by John Curtis (entomologist), John Curtis, Linnean Society of London, FLS. It is subtitled ''Being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: ...
'') was claimed to be "''
Tortrix logiana''". However, this was a misidentification; the name of ''T. logiana'' (described by
C.A. Clerck in 1759 and nowadays called ''
Acleris logiana'') was until the early 20th century frequently applied to related species in error.
Curtis simply repeated the mistake of
A.H. Haworth, who had in his 1811 volume of ''Lepidoptera Britannica'' discussed a ''Cnephasia'' under Clerck's name, but the original misidentification may well go back to
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...
' treatment of "''T. logiana''" in ''
Systema naturae
' (originally in Latin written ' with the Orthographic ligature, ligature æ) is one of the major works of the Sweden, Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician Carl Linnaeus (1707–1778) and introduced the Linnaean taxonomy. Although the syste ...
''. Eventually, this was resolved, and the type species of ''Cnephasia'' was determined to be the tortrix moth described as ''
Olethreutes pasiuana'' by
J. Hübner in 1822.
Species
The currently recognized
species
A species () is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sexes or mating types can produce fertile offspring, typically by sexual reproduction. It is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), ...
of ''Cnephasia'' are:
[Baixeras ''et al.'' (2009b)]
* ''
Cnephasia abrasana''
(Duponchel in Godart, 1842)
* ''
Cnephasia albatana''
Chrétien, 1915
* ''
Cnephasia alfacarana''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia alticola''
Kuznetzov, 1966
* ''
Cnephasia alticolana''
* ''
Cnephasia amseli''
(Lucas, 1942)
* ''
Cnephasia asiatica''
Kuznetzov, 1956
* ''
Cnephasia asseclana'' – flax tortrix
* ''
Cnephasia bizensis''
Réal, 1953
* ''
Cnephasia chrysantheana''
(Duponchel in Godart, 1842)
* ''
Cnephasia communana''
* ''
Cnephasia conspersana''
Douglas, 1846
* ''
Cnephasia constantinana''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia cupressivorana''
(Staudinger, 1871)
* ''
Sciaphila debiliana''
Walker, 1863
* ''
Cnephasia delnoyana''
Groenen & Schreurs, 2012
* ''
Cnephasia disforma''
Razowski, 1983
* ''
Cnephasia disparana''
Kuznetzov in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962
* ''
Cnephasia divisana''
Razowski, 1959
* ''
Cnephasia ecullyana''
Réal, 1951
* ''
Cnephasia etnana''
Razowski & Trematerra, 1999
* ''
Cnephasia facetana''
Kennel, 1901
* ''
Cnephasia fiorii''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia fragosana''
(Zeller, 1847)
* ''
Cnephasia fulturata''
Rebel, 1940
* ''
Cnephasia genitalana''
Pierce & Metcalfe, 1915
* ''
Cnephasia graecana''
Rebel, 1902
* ''
Cnephasia grandis''
(Osthelder, 1938)
* ''
Cnephasia gueneeana''
(Duponchel in Godart, 1836)
* ''
Cnephasia heinemanni''
Obraztsov, 1957
* ''
Cnephasia hellenica''
Obraztsov, 1956
* ''
Cnephasia heringi''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia hunzorum''
Diakonoff, 1971
* ''
Cnephasia incertana'' – light grey tortrix
* ''
Cnephasia jozefi''
Razowski, 1961
* ''
Cnephasia kasyi''
Razowski, 1971
* ''
Cnephasia kenneli''
Obraztsov, 1956
* ''
Cnephasia klimeschi''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia korvaci''
Razowski, 1965
* ''
Cnephasia laetana''
(Staudinger, 1871)
* ''
Cnephasia lineata''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Cnephasia longana''
(Haworth, 811
* ''
Cnephasia margelanensis''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia microstrigana''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia minutula''
Falkovitsh in Danilevsky, Kuznetsov & Falkovitsh, 1962
* ''
Cnephasia nesiotica''
Razowski, 1983
* ''
Cnephasia nigripunctana''
Amsel, 1959
* ''
Cnephasia nigrofasciana''
(Bruand, 1850)
* ''
Cnephasia nowickii''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia orientana''
(Alphéraky, 1877)
* ''
Cnephasia orthias''
Meyrick, 1910
* ''
Cnephasia oxyacanthana''
(Herrich-Schäffer, 1851)
* ''
Cnephasia parnassicola''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia pasiuana''
(Hübner, 1799)
* ''
Cnephasia personatana''
Kennel, 1901
* ''
Cnephasia razowskii''
Alipanah, 2019
* ''
Cnephasia regifica''
Razowski, 1971
* ''
Cnephasia sedana
''Cnephasia'' is a genus of tortrix moths (family Tortricidae). It belongs to the subfamily Tortricinae and therein to the tribe Cnephasiini, of which it is the type genus.
Taxonomy and systematics
The type species around which ''Cnephasia'' wa ...
''
(Constant, 1884)
* ''
Cnephasia semibrunneata''
(de Joannis, 1891)
* ''
Cnephasia stachi''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia stephensiana'' – grey tortrix
* ''
Cnephasia tianshanica''
Filipjev, 1934
* ''
Cnephasia tofina''
Meyrick, 1922
* ''
Cnephasia tremewani''
Razowski, 1961
* ''
Cnephasia tripolitana''
Razowski, 1958
* ''
Cnephasia tristrami''
(Walsingham, 1900)
* ''
Cnephasia ussurica''
Filipjev, 1962
* ''
Cnephasia venusta''
Razowski, 1971
* ''
Cnephasia virginana''
(Kennel, 1899)
* ''
Cnephasia wimmeri''
Arenberger, 1998
* ''
Cnephasia zangheriana''
Trematerra, 1991
* ''
Cnephasia zelleri''
(Christoph, 1877)
* ''
Cnephasia zernyi''
Razowski, 1959
''
"Cnephasia" jactatana'' does not seem to belong in this genus.
Former species
* ''
Cnephasia daedalea''
Razowski, 1983
Synonyms
Obsolete
scientific name
In Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy, binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system"), also called binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin gramm ...
s for ''Cnephasia'' are:
* ''Anoplocnephasia''
Réal, 1953
* ''Brachycnephasia''
Réal, 1953
* ''Chephasia''
(''lapsus
In philology, a lapsus (Latin for "lapse, slip, error") is an involuntary mistake made while writing or speaking.
Investigations
In 1895 an investigation into verbal slips was undertaken by a philologist and a psychologist, Rudolf Meringer and ...
'')
* ''Cnephasianella''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Cnephasiella''
Adamczewski, 1936
* ''Cnephosia''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Hypostephanuncia''
Réal, 1951
* ''Hypostephanuntia''
(''lapsus'')
* ''Sciaphila''
Treitschke in Ochsenheimer, 1829
''Hypostephanuncia'' is sometimes listed as a
junior synonym
In taxonomy, the scientific classification of living organisms, a synonym is an alternative scientific name for the accepted scientific name of a taxon. The botanical and zoological codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently.
...
of the closely related genus ''
Eana'', but its type species is ''
C. ecullyana''. Whether the
monotypic
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...
''
Sphaleroptera'' is a distinct and valid genus or merely a specialized offshoot of ''Cnephasia'' is not yet resolved; some authors include it here, while others don't.
[Baixeras ''et al.'' (2009a), and see references in Savela (2005a,b)]
Footnotes
References
* (2019): An overview of the tribe Cnephasiini (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Tortricinae) of Iran with description of a new species. ''Zootaxa'' 4661(3): 501-521.
* (2009a)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
Genus ''Cnephasia'' account Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 2009-JAN-20.
* (2009b)
Online World Catalogue of the Tortricidae&ndash
''Cnephasia'' species list Version 1.3.1. Retrieved 2009-JAN-20.
*
826 enus ''Cnephasia'' ''In:
British Entomology
''British Entomology'' is a classic work of entomology by John Curtis (entomologist), John Curtis, Linnean Society of London, FLS. It is subtitled ''Being Illustrations and Descriptions of the Genera of Insects found in Great Britain and Ireland: ...
, being illustrations and descriptions of the genera of insects found in Great Britain and Ireland'', etc. 6(100): 1-2. E. Ellis & Co., London
Fulltextat the
Internet Archive
The Internet Archive is an American 501(c)(3) organization, non-profit organization founded in 1996 by Brewster Kahle that runs a digital library website, archive.org. It provides free access to collections of digitized media including web ...
* (1998): The genera of Tortricidae. Part III. Nearctic Chlidanotinae and Tortricidae. ''Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia'' 41(2): 227-281
Fulltextat
Google Books
Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical charac ...
* (2005a): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms &ndash
''Cnephasia'' Version of 2005-SEP-14. Retrieved 2010-APR-14.
* (2005b): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms &ndash
Version of 2005-SEP-14. Retrieved 2010-APR-14.
* (2010): Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and some other life forms &ndash
Version of 2010-FEB-19. Retrieved 2010-APR-14.
{{Taxonbar, from=Q3427090
Cnephasiini
Tortricidae genera