Clymeniida is an order of ammonoid cephalopods from the Upper Devonian characterized by having an unusual dorsal

siphuncle The siphuncle is a strand of biological tissue, tissue passing longitudinally through the mollusc shell, shell of a cephalopod mollusc. Only cephalopods with chambered shells have siphuncles, such as the extinct ammonites and belemnites, and the li ...

. They measured about in diameter and are most common in

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, and

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but are known from

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( New York,

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Morphologic characteristics

Clymeniids produced a variety of shells ranging from smooth to ribbed and spinose, from evolute with all whorls exposed to strongly involute with the last whorl covering the previous. Some were even triangular in lateral view. With the exception of the first few chambers, all have a siphuncle that runs along the dorsal margin, i.e., along the inner edge of each whorl, rather than the outer edge as in most ammonoids. Developmentally, the siphuncle in clymeniids starts off ventrally, like that in other ammonoids, but after the first few septa it migrates to a dorsal position indefinitely. Septal necks are retrosiphonate, characteristic of their nautiloid ancestors, and are commonly very long, forming an almost continuous siphuncular tube. The septa, unusually simplified in shape, are convex toward the front as is characteristic of ammonoids.

Classification

Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957, in Part L of the

Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology,'' published from 1953–2007 by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas, then 2009–present by the University of Kansas Paleontological Institute, is a definitive multi-authore ...

included three superfamilies in Clymeniida: Gonioclymeniaceae, Clymeniaceae, and Parawocklumeriaceae. Gonoclymeniaceae unites five families, Clymeniaceae three. Parawocklumeraceae was established for the single family Parawocklumeriidae. In 1999, Saunders, Work, and Nikolaeva divided Clymeniida into two suborders, Gonioclymeniina and Clymeniina. Gonioclymeniina includes Sellaclymeniaceae, with 7 families and 20 genera; Gonioclyemniaceae, containing a single family with six genera; and Parawocklumeraceae, also containing a single family but with only three genera. Clymeniina contains a single superfamily, Clymeniaceae, which unites five families with a total of 36 genera. Per the GONIAT website, two suborders fall into Clymeniida. They are Clymeniina with four superfamilies and Gonioclymeniina, established for a single superfamily. In contrast, Dieter Korn in 2006 divided Clymeniida into Clymeniina and Cyrtoclymeniina, named by him in 2002. Shevyrev, on the other hand, in 2006 divided Clymeniida into Clymeniina and Gonioclymeniina, in line with GONIAT and with the work of Saunders, Work, and Nikolaeva.Classification of A. A. Shevyrev 2006
/ref> The Taxonomy section below presents Korn's (2006) classification.

Taxonomy

Clymeniida *Suborder Clymeniina

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, 1884 **Superfamily Clymeniaceae Edwards, 1849 ***Family Clymeniidae Edwards, 1849 ****Genus '' Aktuboclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 ****Genus '' Clymenia'' Münster, 1834 ***Family Kosmoclymeniidae

Korn Korn (stylized as KoЯn) is an American nu metal band from Bakersfield, California, originally formed in 1993 by James Shaffer, James "Munky" Shaffer, Reginald Arvizu, Reginald "Fieldy" Arvizu and David Silveria, who were members of the band ...

and Price, 1987 ****Subfamily Kosmoclymeniinae Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Kosmoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1949 *****Genus '' Linguaclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Lissoclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Muessenbiaergia'' Korn and Price, 1987 ****Subfamily Rodeckiinae Korn 2002 *****Genus '' Franconiclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Protoxyclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 *****Genus '' Rodeckia'' Korn, 2002 **Superfamily Gonioclymeniaceae Hyatt, 1884 ***Family Costaclymeniidae Ruzhencev, 1957 ****Genus '' Costaclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1920 ****Genus '' Endosiphonites'' Ansted, 1838 ***Family Gonioclymeniidae Hyatt, 1884 ****Genus '' Finiclymenia'' Price and Korn 1989 ****Genus '' Gonioclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 ****Genus '' Kalloclymenia'' Wedekind, 1914 ****Genus '' Leviclymenia'' Korn, 2002 ****Genus '' Mesoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1981 ***Family Sellaclymeniidae Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Sellaclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 ***Family Sphenoclymeniidae Korn, 1992 ****Genus '' Medioclymenia'' Korn, 2002 ****Genus '' Sphenoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1920 **Superfamily Platyclymeniaceae , 1914 ***Family Glatziellidae Schindewolf, 1928 ****Genus '' Glatziella'' Renz, 1914 ****Genus '' Liroclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Postglatziella'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Soliclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ***Family Piriclymeniidae Korn, 1992 ****Genus '' Ornatoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 ****Genus '' Piriclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Sulcoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ***Family Platyclymeniidae Wedekind, 1914 ****Subfamily Nodosoclymeniinae Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Czarnoclymenia'' Korn, 1999 *****Genus '' Nodosoclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 *****Genus '' Stenoclymenia'' Lange, 1929 ****Subfamily Platyclymeniinae Wedekind, 1914 *****Genus '' Fasciclymenia'' Korn and Price, 1987 *****Genus '' Platyclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 *****Genus '' Progonioclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 *****Genus '' Spinoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1962 *****Genus '' Trigonoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1934 *****Genus '' Varioclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 ****Subfamily Pleuroclymeniinae Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Borisiclymenia'' Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Nanoclymenia'' Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Pleuroclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1934 *****Genus '' Trochoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1926 **Superfamily Wocklumeriaceae Schindewolf, 1937 ***Family Parawocklumeriidae Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Kamptoclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Parawocklumeria'' Schindewolf, 1926 ****Genus '' Tardewocklumeria'' Becker, 2000 ****Genus '' Triaclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ***Family Wocklumeriidae Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Epiwocklumeria'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Kielcensia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Synwocklumeria'' Librovitch, 1957 ****Genus '' Wocklumeria'' Wedekind, 1918 *Suborder Cyrtoclymeniina Korn, 2002 **Superfamily Biloclymeniaceae Bogoslovsky, 1955 ***Family

Biloclymeniidae ''Biloclymeniidae'' was an extinct family of ammonites that existed during the Devonian. References

Devonian ammonites Late Devonian first appearances Late Devonian animals Famennian extinctions Cyrtoclymeniina Ammonite families {{Clym ...

Bogoslovsky, 1955 ****Genus ''

Biloclymenia ''Biloclymenia'' is a genus in the ammonoid order Clymeniida which is characterized by a dorsal retrosiphonitic siphuncle with long adapically pointing septal necks. The shell of shell ''Biloclymenia'' is thickly discoidal, more or less involute ...

'' Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Dimeroclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Kiaclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1965 ****Genus '' Rhiphaeoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1965 ***Family Pachyclymeniidae Korn, 1992 ****Genus '' Pachyclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1937 ****Genus '' Uraloclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1977 **Superfamily Cyrtoclymeniaceae Hyatt, 1884 ***Family Carinoclymeniidae Bogoslovsky, 1975 ****Genus '' Acriclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1975 ****Genus '' Carinoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1965 ****Genus '' Karaclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1983 ****Genus '' Pinacoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1975 ***Family Cymaclymeniidae Hyatt 1884 ****Subfamily Cymaclymeniinae Hyatt, 1884 *****Genus '' Cymaclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 *****Genus '' Laganoclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 *****Genus '' Procymaclymenia'' Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Rodachia'' Korn, 2002 ****Subfamily Genuclymeniinae Korn, 2002 *****Genus '' Flexiclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 *****Genus '' Genuclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 *****Genus '' Siekluckia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ***Family Cyrtoclymeniidae Hyatt, 1884 ****Genus '' Cyrtoclymenia'' Sepkoski, Jr., 2002 ****Genus '' Hexaclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Praeflexiclymenia'' Czarnocki, 1989 ****Genus '' Pricella'' Korn, 1991 ****Genus '' Protactoclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 ***Family Rectoclymeniidae Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Cteroclymenia'' Bogoslovsky, 1979 ****Genus '' Falciclymenia'' Schindewolf, 1923 ****Genus '' Karadzharia'' Korn, 2002 ****Genus '' Rectoclymenia'' Wedekind, 1908 *Suborder ''

Incertae sedis or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...

'' **Genus '' Borkinia'' **Genus '' Gyroclymenia'' **Genus '' Kazakhoclymenia'' **Genus '' Miroclymenia'' **Genus '' Schizoclymenia''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q796209 Devonian ammonites Late Devonian first appearances Late Devonian animals Late Devonian extinctions Prehistoric cephalopod orders