Closed prisons are prisons with the high level of supervision of the
inmate
A prisoner, also known as an inmate or detainee, is a person who is deprived of liberty against their will. This can be by confinement or captivity in a prison or physical restraint. The term usually applies to one serving a sentence in pr ...
s. The opposite is an
open prison
An open prison or open jail is any jail in which the prisoners are trusted to complete sentences with minimal supervision and perimeter security and are often not locked up in their prison cells. Prisoners may be permitted to take up employmen ...
. Closed prisons may have further categorization in terms of security.
Finland
, of the 28 prisons in Finland, 70% of inmates are in closed prisons and 30% in open prisons or units. In 2021, an average cost for an inmate in a closed prison was 82,500 euros a year, 225 euros a day. In an open prison the cost is 168 euros a day. Supervised probation costs 63 euros per prisoner per day. The Prison and Probation Service of Finland declared that their goal is to gradually move from closed to open prison environment.
In 2017 there were 57 males and 16 females in closed prisons and 5 males and 1 female in open prisons.
Denmark
In
Denmark
Denmark is a Nordic countries, Nordic country in Northern Europe. It is the metropole and most populous constituent of the Kingdom of Denmark,, . also known as the Danish Realm, a constitutionally unitary state that includes the Autonomous a ...
, state prisons may be closed, semi-open, and open. In local prisons and in the
Western Prison in
Copenhagen
Copenhagen ( ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a population of 1.4 million in the Urban area of Copenhagen, urban area. The city is situated on the islands of Zealand and Amager, separated from Malmö, Sweden, by the ...
many rules are the same as in closed state prisons. A closed prison has more staff and control than an open prison and has stricter rules about money, telephone calls, visits, etc. For example, inmate's letters from closed state prisons are usually checked before being posted, with the exception of letters from and to certain higher authorities. In open state prisons, letters are usually not checked. It is illegal for visitors to bring a cell phone to a closed prison.
Turkey
In Turkey, there are three types of prisons: closed, semi-open (currently abolished), and open. Closed prisons have a further subcategory of high-security prisons (
F-type prison).
CEZA İNFAZ KURUMLARI TİPLERİ
(TYPES OF CRIMINAL INSTITUTIONS) There are closed prisons for adult men, adult women, children ( ("child detainees"), ages between 12 and 18) and minors (, ages 18–21).[CEZA VE GÜVENLİK TEDBİRLERİNİN İNFAZI HAKKINDA KANUN]
(LAW ON THE EXECUTION OF PENALTIES AND SECURITY MEASURES), 2004
Per Article 8 of the Turkish prison law, closed penal institutions () are ones in which there are internal and external security guards, equipped with technical, mechanical, electronic or physical barriers against escape, room and corridor doors are generally kept closed. External contacts with inmates are possible only under adequate security provisions. Closed institutions for children and minors provide for education and training under adequate security measures against escape, including internal and external security guards.[
]
United Kingdom
Of four categories for adult categories (A,B,C,D) in England and Wales, the first three are of closed type.
United States
In the United States, prisons have the following levels of security: supermax, maximum security (called high security in the federal system), close security, medium security, and minimum security.
References
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Prisons