''Clerodendrum'' is a

genus Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In bino ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (). The term angiosperm is derived from the Ancient Greek, Greek words (; 'container, vessel') and (; 'seed'), meaning that the seeds are enclosed with ...

s formerly placed in the

family Family (from ) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). It forms the basis for social order. Ideally, families offer predictabili ...

Verbenaceae The Verbenaceae ( ), the verbena family or vervain family, is a family of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell. T ...

, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its

common name In biology, a common name of a taxon or organism (also known as a vernacular name, English name, colloquial name, country name, popular name, or farmer's name) is a name that is based on the normal language of everyday life; and is often con ...

s include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is currently classified in the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ...

Ajugoideae, being one of several genera transferred from

to Lamiaceae in the 1990s, based on

phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ...

analysis of morphological and

molecular A molecule is a group of two or more atoms that are held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions that satisfy this criterion. In quantum physics, organic chemistry, ...

data Data ( , ) are a collection of discrete or continuous values that convey information, describing the quantity, quality, fact, statistics, other basic units of meaning, or simply sequences of symbols that may be further interpreted for ...

. The

type species In International_Code_of_Zoological_Nomenclature, zoological nomenclature, a type species (''species typica'') is the species name with which the name of a genus or subgenus is considered to be permanently taxonomically associated, i.e., the spe ...

for the genus is '' Clerodendrum infortunatum''.''Clerodendrum'' In: Index Nominum Genericorum. In:

Regnum Vegetabile The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) is an organization established to promote an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitate international communication of research between botanists, and oversee matters of uniformity and ...

(see ''External links'' below). It is

native Native may refer to: People * '' Jus sanguinis'', nationality by blood * '' Jus soli'', nationality by location of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Nat ...

Sri Lanka Sri Lanka, officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, also known historically as Ceylon, is an island country in South Asia. It lies in the Indian Ocean, southwest of the Bay of Bengal, separated from the Indian subcontinent, ...

and the

Andaman Islands The Andaman Islands () are an archipelago, made up of 200 islands, in the northeastern Indian Ocean about southwest off the coasts of Myanmar's Ayeyarwady Region. Together with the Nicobar Islands to their south, the Andamans serve as a mari ...

.Anthony J. Huxley, Mark Griffiths, and Margot Levy (editors). 1992. ''The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening.'' The Macmillan Press Limited, London; The Stockton Press, New York. The genus is native to

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the equator, where the sun may shine directly overhead. This contrasts with the temperate or polar regions of Earth, where the Sun can never be directly overhead. This is because of Earth's ax ...

and warm

temperate In geography, the temperate climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes (approximately 23.5° to 66.5° N/S of the Equator), which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth. These zones generally have wider temperature ran ...

regions of the world, with most of the species occurring in tropical Africa and southern Asia, but with a few in the tropical Americas and northern Australasia, and a few extending north into the temperate zone in eastern Asia.David J. Mabberley. 2008. ''Mabberley's Plant-Book'' third edition (2008). Cambridge University Press: UK. They are

shrub A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees by their multiple ...

liana A liana is a long-Plant stem, stemmed Woody plant, woody vine that is rooted in the soil at ground level and uses trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the Canopy (biology), canopy in search of direct sunlight. T ...

s, and small

tree In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, usually supporting branches and leaves. In some usages, the definition of a tree may be narrower, e.g., including only woody plants with secondary growth, only ...

s, usually growing to tall, with

opposite In lexical semantics, opposites are words lying in an inherently incompatible binary relationship. For example, something that is ''even'' entails that it is not ''odd''. It is referred to as a 'binary' relationship because there are two members i ...

or whorled

leaves A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, ...

. '' C. floribundum'' can grow to tall. '' Clerodendrum fistulosum'' and '' Clerodendrum myrmecophila'' have hollow stems that are inhabited by

ants Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from vespoid wasp ancestors in the Cretaceous period. More than 13,800 of an estimated total of ...

. ''

Clerodendrum trichotomum ''Clerodendrum trichotomum'', the harlequin glorybower, glorytree or peanut butter tree, is a species of flowering plant in the family (biology), family Lamiaceae. It is native plant, native to China, Korea, Taiwan, Japan, India, and the Philippi ...

'' is a common

ornamental Ornamental may refer to: *Ornamental grass, a type of grass grown as a decoration *Ornamental iron, mild steel that has been formed into decorative shapes, similar to wrought iron work *Ornamental plant, a plant that is grown for its ornamental qua ...

in warmer parts of the world. Eight other species are also grown in the tropics for their abundant and attractive flowers.George W. Staples and Derral R. Herbst "A Tropical Garden Flora" Bishop Museum Press: Honolulu (2005) One of these, ''

Clerodendrum macrostegium ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

'', suckers abundantly from the

root In vascular plants, the roots are the plant organ, organs of a plant that are modified to provide anchorage for the plant and take in water and nutrients into the plant body, which allows plants to grow taller and faster. They are most often bel ...

s, often producing a

thicket A thicket is a very dense stand of trees or tall shrubs, often dominated by only one or a few species, to the exclusion of all others. They may be formed by species that shed large numbers of highly viable seeds that are able to germinate in th ...

within a few years. The following species are cultivated in the UK: * ''C. chinense'' * ''C. splendens'' * ''C. thomsoniae'' * ''C. trichotomum'' ''Clerodendrum'' species are used as food plants by the

larva A larva (; : larvae ) is a distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into their next life stage. Animals with indirect development such as insects, some arachnids, amphibians, or cnidarians typically have a larval phase ...

e of some

Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) or lepidopterans is an order (biology), order of winged insects which includes butterflies and moths. About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera have been described, representing 10% of the total described species of living organ ...

species including '' Endoclita malabaricus'' and ''

Endoclita sericeus ''Endoclita sericeus'' is a species of moth of the family Hepialidae first described by Charles Swinhoe in 1901. It is known from Java, Indonesia. Food plants for this species include ''Albizia'', ''Camellia'', ''Cinchona'', ''Crotalaria'', ''Man ...

.'' Both butterflies and hummingbirds are often attracted to blooming clerodendrum.

Description

The following description is based on the one by Yuan

et alii References Notes References Further reading * * External links * {{Latin phrases E ...

(2010) and applies to only the

monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...

circumscription Circumscription may refer to: * Circumscribed circle * Circumscription (logic) *Circumscription (taxonomy) * Circumscription theory, a theory about the origins of the political state in the history of human evolution proposed by the American anthr ...

of ''Clerodendrum''. ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of small

s, and subherbaceous

perennials In horticulture, the term perennial ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also ...

Leaves A leaf (: leaves) is a principal appendage of the stem of a vascular plant, usually borne laterally above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", while the leaves, stem, ...

decussate Decussation is used in biological contexts to describe a crossing (due to the shape of the Roman numeral for ten, an uppercase 'X' (), ). In Latin anatomical terms, the form is used, e.g. . Similarly, the anatomical term chiasma is named aft ...

or whorled, never spiny as in some close relatives.

Inflorescence In botany, an inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers arranged on a plant's Plant stem, stem that is composed of a main branch or a system of branches. An inflorescence is categorized on the basis of the arrangement of flowers on a mai ...

usually terminal.

Sepal A sepal () is a part of the flower of angiosperms (flowering plants). Usually green, sepals typically function as protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom., p. 106 Etymology The term ''sepalum'' ...

s usually connate, often colored, usually accrescent. Corolla red to yellow, pink, or white. Corolla tube 5-lobed, the lobes usually unequal.

Stamen The stamen (: stamina or stamens) is a part consisting of the male reproductive organs of a flower. Collectively, the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filament ...

s 4 (rarely 5), usually in 2 pairs of unequal length and projecting well beyond the mouth of the corolla.

Ovary The ovary () is a gonad in the female reproductive system that produces ova; when released, an ovum travels through the fallopian tube/ oviduct into the uterus. There is an ovary on the left and the right side of the body. The ovaries are end ...

incompletely 4- locular.

Ovule In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the ''integument'', forming its outer layer, the ''nucellus'' (or remnant of the sporangium, megasporangium), ...

s 4.

Style Style, or styles may refer to: Film and television * ''Style'' (2001 film), a Hindi film starring Sharman Joshi, Riya Sen, Sahil Khan and Shilpi Mudgal * ''Style'' (2002 film), a Tamil drama film * ''Style'' (2004 film), a Burmese film * '' ...

terminal on the ovary,

bifid Bifid refers to something that is split or cleft into two parts. It may refer to: * Bifid, a variation in the P wave, R wave, or T wave in an echocardiogram in which a wave which usually has a single peak instead has two separate peaks * Bifid ...

Fruit In botany, a fruit is the seed-bearing structure in flowering plants (angiosperms) that is formed from the ovary after flowering. Fruits are the means by which angiosperms disseminate their seeds. Edible fruits in particular have long propaga ...

drupe In botany, a drupe (or stone fruit) is a type of fruit in which an outer fleshy part (exocarp, or skin, and mesocarp, or flesh) surrounds a single shell (the ''pip'' (UK), ''pit'' (US), ''stone'', or ''pyrena'') of hardened endocarp with a seed ...

, usually with 4 grooves or lobes, 4-

seed In botany, a seed is a plant structure containing an embryo and stored nutrients in a protective coat called a ''testa''. More generally, the term "seed" means anything that can be Sowing, sown, which may include seed and husk or tuber. Seeds ...

ed (rarely 2-seeded by abortion).

Pollination

''Clerodendrum'' and its relatives have an unusual

pollination syndrome Pollination syndromes are suites of flower traits that have evolved in response to natural selection imposed by different Pollination, pollen vectors, which can be abiotic (wind and water) or biotic, such as birds, bees, flies, and so forth thro ...

which avoids

self-pollination Self-pollination is a form of pollination in which pollen arrives at the stigma of a flower (in flowering plants) or at the ovule (in gymnosperms) of the same plant. The term cross-pollination is used for the opposite case, where pollen from ...

. This

mating system A mating system is a way in which a group is structured in relation to sexual behaviour. The precise meaning depends upon the context. With respect to animals, the term describes which males and females mating, mate under which circumstances. Reco ...

combines

dichogamy Sequential hermaphroditism (called dichogamy in botany) is one of the two types of hermaphroditism, the other type being simultaneous hermaphroditism. It occurs when the organism's sex changes at some point in its life. A sequential hermaphrodit ...

and

herkogamy Herkogamy (or hercogamy) is the spatial separation of the anthers and stigma in hermaphroditic angiosperms. It is a common strategy for reducing self-fertilization. Common forms *Approach herkogamy - (called "pin flowers") is displayed when the ...

. The flowers are protandrous. When the flower opens, the stamens stand erect, parallel to the central axis of the flower, while the

style Style, or styles may refer to: Film and television * ''Style'' (2001 film), a Hindi film starring Sharman Joshi, Riya Sen, Sahil Khan and Shilpi Mudgal * ''Style'' (2002 film), a Tamil drama film * ''Style'' (2004 film), a Burmese film * '' ...

bends over, holding the stigma beyond the rim of the corolla. After the

pollen Pollen is a powdery substance produced by most types of flowers of seed plants for the purpose of sexual reproduction. It consists of pollen grains (highly reduced Gametophyte#Heterospory, microgametophytes), which produce male gametes (sperm ...

is shed, the stamens curl up or bend over, and the style straightens out, bringing the stigma to the center of the flower. Except for '' Aegiphila'', which is

heterostylous Heterostyly is a unique form of polymorphism and herkogamy in flowers. In a heterostylous species, two or three morphological types of flowers, termed "morphs", exist in the population. On each individual plant, all flowers share the same morph. ...

, this breeding strategy is shared by all members of the

clade In biology, a clade (), also known as a Monophyly, monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that is composed of a common ancestor and all of its descendants. Clades are the fundamental unit of cladistics, a modern approach t ...

consisting of '' Kalaharia'', ''Clerodendrum'', ''

Volkameria ''Volkameria'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It is pantropical in distribution.Yao-Wu Yuan, David J. Mabberley, Dorothy A. Steane, and Richard G. Olmstead. 2010. "Further disintegration and redefinition of ''Clerodendr ...

'', '' Aegiphila'', '' Ovieda'', '' Tetraclea'', and '' Amasonia''.

History

''Clerodendrum'' was named by

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming o ...

in ''

Species Plantarum ' (Latin for "The Species of Plants") is a book by Carl Linnaeus, originally published in 1753, which lists every species of plant known at the time, classified into genus, genera. It is the first work to consistently apply binomial nomenclature ...

'' in 1753.''Clerodendrum'' page 637. In: Carolus Linnaeus. 1753. ''Species Plantarum'' volume 2. Laurentii Salvii. (see ''External Links'' below). The name is derived from two

Greek Greek may refer to: Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in Southern Europe: *Greeks, an ethnic group *Greek language, a branch of the Indo-European language family **Proto-Greek language, the assumed last common ancestor of all kno ...

words, ''kleros'', meaning "chance or fate" or "clergy", and ''dendron'', "a tree".Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. ''CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names'' volume I, page 559. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, US. London, UK. (set). It refers to the considerable variation in reports of the usefulness of ''Clerodendrum'' in medicine, and also to the fact the trees were used for religious purposes in Asia. Regional revisions of ''Clerodendrum'' have been done for local

floras Flora (: floras or florae) is all the plant life present in a particular region or time, generally the naturally occurring ( indigenous) native plants. The corresponding term for animals is ''fauna'', and for fungi, it is ''funga''. Sometimes b ...

, but the last

monograph A monograph is generally a long-form work on one (usually scholarly) subject, or one aspect of a subject, typically created by a single author or artist (or, sometimes, by two or more authors). Traditionally it is in written form and published a ...

of the entire genus was by

John Isaac Briquet John Isaac Briquet (13 March 1870 in Geneva – 26 October 1931 in Geneva) was a Switzerland, Swiss botanist, director of the ''Conservatoire Botanique'' at Geneva. He received his education in natural sciences at Geneva and Berlin,

in 1895.John Isaac Briquet. 1895. "''Clerodendrum''" pages 174-176. In: "Verbenaceae" pages 132-182. In: ''Die Natürlichen Pflanzenfamilien'' volume IV, part 3a. Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig, Germany. He recognized about 90 species, defining the genus broadly to include species that others had placed in ''

Rotheca ''Rotheca'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae.Raymond M. Harley, Sandy Atkins, Andrey L. Budantsev, Philip D. Cantino, Barry J. Conn, Renée J. Grayer, Madeline M. Harley, Rogier P.J. de Kok, Tatyana V. Krestovskaja, Ramón M ...

'', ''

'', and '' Ovieda''. His

was followed by most authors for the next 100 years, even though it was widely believed to be problematic. In 1997,

analysis of DNA data showed that ''Clerodendrum'', as then understood, was

polyphyletic A polyphyletic group is an assemblage that includes organisms with mixed evolutionary origin but does not include their most recent common ancestor. The term is often applied to groups that share similar features known as Homoplasy, homoplasies ...

. This situation was remedied in 1998 with the revival of ''Rotheca''. This

taxonomic 280px, Generalized scheme of taxonomy Taxonomy is a practice and science concerned with classification or categorization. Typically, there are two parts to it: the development of an underlying scheme of classes (a taxonomy) and the allocation ...

change was based on previous work and on a

molecular phylogenetic Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...

study that was not published until the following year. In 2004, a study of

DNA sequence A nucleic acid sequence is a succession of bases within the nucleotides forming alleles within a DNA (using GACT) or RNA (GACU) molecule. This succession is denoted by a series of a set of five different letters that indicate the order of the nu ...

s showed that the

monospecific In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispe ...

Australian genus ''Huxleya'' was embedded in a clade of ''Clerodendrum'' species that had formerly been placed in ''

''. ''Huxleya'' was then sunk into

synonymy A synonym is a word, morpheme, or phrase that means precisely or nearly the same as another word, morpheme, or phrase in a given language. For example, in the English language, the words ''begin'', ''start'', ''commence'', and ''initiate'' are a ...

with ''Clerodendrum''. The 2004 study sampled '' Aegiphila'', '' Tetraclea'', and '' Amasonia'', three

New World The term "New World" is used to describe the majority of lands of Earth's Western Hemisphere, particularly the Americas, and sometimes Oceania."America." ''The Oxford Companion to the English Language'' (). McArthur, Tom, ed., 1992. New York: ...

genera of Ajugoideae that had not previously been sampled for DNA. The results of this study cast doubt, once again, upon the

monophyly In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent comm ...

of ''Clerodendrum''. In 2010, a study of four

chloroplast A chloroplast () is a type of membrane-bound organelle, organelle known as a plastid that conducts photosynthesis mostly in plant cell, plant and algae, algal cells. Chloroplasts have a high concentration of chlorophyll pigments which captur ...

DNA intergenic spacers showed that part of ''Clerodendrum'' was closer to the New world genera than to other ''Clerodendrum'', and that one species of ''Clerodendrum'' was nested within the clade of New World genera. The authors of this study resurrected the genus ''Volkameria'' and assigned to it about 30 species that had been in ''Clerodendrum''. They also resurrected ''Ovieda'' as a

monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unisp ...

genus consisting of '' Ovieda spinosa''. ''Volkameria'' and ''Ovieda'' had been erected by

in 1753. Modern

cladistic Cladistics ( ; from Ancient Greek 'branch') is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on hypotheses of most recent common ancestry. The evidence for hypothesized relationships is ...

analysis has largely vindicated his concepts of ''Clerodendrum'' and its relatives.

Traditional medicinal use

'' Clerodendrum glandulosum''. Coleb leaf aqueous extract is traditionally used by people of North-East India to alleviate symptoms of diabetes, obesity and hypertension. Among the

Hmar Hmar may refer to: *Hmars or Hmar people, in northeastern India **Hmar languages, Tibeto-Burman subfamily of languages, spoken by the Hmar ***Hmar language The Hmar language (Hmar: ''Khawsak Țawng'') is a Northern Mizo language spoken by the ...

and Zomi tribes in the North East India Anphui(Clerodendrum) is also being used as a dish/curry.Anphui Dish from Biaki's Kitchen- https://m.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=699621273413089&id=440688782639674&set=a.440710989304120.111092.440688782639674

Systematics

''Clerodendrum'' is strongly supported as monophyletic in molecular phylogenetic analyses. It consists of two clades, each of which receives strong bootstrap support. One clade contains mostly African species. The other is mostly Asian. The African and Asian groups can not confidently be divided into

sections Section, Sectioning, or Sectioned may refer to: Arts, entertainment and media * Section (music), a complete, but not independent, musical idea * Section (typography), a subdivision, especially of a chapter, in books and documents ** Section sig ...

without more extensive sampling of

taxa In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; : taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and ...

in phylogenetic studies. The Madagascan species, in particular, are poorly studied. It appears that the long, narrow corolla tube

evolved Evolution is the change in the heritable Phenotypic trait, characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. It occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection and genetic drift act on genetic variation, re ...

only once in ''Clerodendrum'', and appeared again, among its relatives, in ''Ovieda''.

Species

Plants of the World Online Plants of the World Online (POWO) is an online taxonomic database published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. History Following the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Royal Botanic Gardens in Kew launched Plants of the World Online i ...

recognises 240 species within this genus, as follows: *'' Clerodendrum abilioi'' *'' Clerodendrum adenocalyx'' *'' Clerodendrum adenophysum'' *'' Clerodendrum africanum'' *'' Clerodendrum albiflos'' *'' Clerodendrum alboviolaceum'' *'' Clerodendrum andamanense'' *''

Clerodendrum angustipetalum ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

Clerodendrum griffithianum ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the Family (biology), family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding- ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum haematolasium'' *'' Clerodendrum hahnianum'' *'' Clerodendrum hainanense'' *'' Clerodendrum harmandianum'' *'' Clerodendrum hastatum'' *'' Clerodendrum hendersonii'' *'' Clerodendrum hettae'' *'' Clerodendrum hexangulatum'' *'' Clerodendrum hildebrandtii'' *''

Clerodendrum hircinum ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum hiulcum'' *'' Clerodendrum humbertii'' *'' Clerodendrum inaequipetiolatum'' *'' Clerodendrum indicum'' *'' Clerodendrum infortunatum'' *'' Clerodendrum insolitum'' *''

Clerodendrum intermedium ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum madagascariense'' *'' Clerodendrum magnificum'' *''

Clerodendrum magnoliifolium ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

Clerodendrum phlomidis ''Clerodendrum phlomidis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. The plant has been used in Ayurvedic medicine, and some Ayurvedic sources refer to it by the synonym ''Clerodendrum multiflorum''. ''Clerodendrum phlomidis'' is ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum phyllomega'' *'' Clerodendrum pierreanum'' *'' Clerodendrum pleiosciadium'' *'' Clerodendrum poggei'' *'' Clerodendrum polyanthum'' *'' Clerodendrum polycephalum'' *'' Clerodendrum porphyrocalyx'' *'' Clerodendrum praetervisa'' *'' Clerodendrum premnoides'' *'' Clerodendrum preslii'' *'' Clerodendrum pubiflorum'' *'' Clerodendrum putre'' *'' Clerodendrum pygmaeum'' *'' Clerodendrum pynaertii'' *'' Clerodendrum pyrifolium'' *''

Clerodendrum quadriloculare ''Clerodendrum quadriloculare'' (known as the bronze-leaved clerodendrum, fireworks plant, Philippine glorybower, shooting star or starburst bush in English, and or in Filipino) is a species of flowering plant native to New Guinea and the Phil ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum ramosissimum'' *'' Clerodendrum revolutum'' *'' Clerodendrum ridleyi'' *'' Clerodendrum robecchii'' *'' Clerodendrum robustum'' *'' Clerodendrum roseiflorum'' *''

Clerodendrum rotundifolium ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum triflorum'' *'' Clerodendrum tubulosum'' *'' Clerodendrum umbellatum'' *'' Clerodendrum umbratile'' *'' Clerodendrum urticifolium'' *'' Clerodendrum villosicalyx'' *'' Clerodendrum villosum'' *''

Clerodendrum vinosum ''Clerodendrum'' is a genus of flowering plants formerly placed in the family Verbenaceae, but now considered to belong to the Lamiaceae (mint) family. Its common names include glorybower, bagflower, pagoda flower and bleeding-heart. It is curre ...

'' *'' Clerodendrum volubile'' *'' Clerodendrum wallii'' *'' Clerodendrum welwitschii'' *'' Clerodendrum williamsii'' *'' Clerodendrum yunnanense''

Formerly placed here

*'' Pseudocaryopteris foetida'' (D.Don) P.D.Cantino (as ''C. foetidum'' D.Don) *'' Rotheca incisa'' (Klotzsch) Steane & Mabb. (as ''C. incisum'' Klotzsch or ''C. macrosiphon'' Hook.f.) *''

Rotheca myricoides ''Rotheca myricoides'' or Butterfly Clerodendrum, Butterfly Bush, and (butterfly bush – also a name for ''Buddleja'' species) is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae.It is native to tropical eastern Africa and widely cultivated ...

'' (Hochst.) Steane & Mabb. (as ''C. myricoides'' (Hochst.) Vatke or ''C. ugandense'' Prain) *''

Rotheca serrata ''Rotheca serrata'', commonly known as the blue fountain bush, the blue-flowered glory tree or the beetle killer, is a species of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to India, Sri Lanka and Malaysia. Description ''Rotheca se ...

'' (L.) Steane & Mabb. (as ''C. serratum'' (L.) Moon) *'' Volkameria aculeata'' L. (as ''C. aculeatum'' (L.) Schltdl.) *'' Volkameria glabra'' (E.Mey.) Mabb. & Y.W.Yuan (as ''C. glabrum'' E.Mey.) *'' Volkameria inermis'' L. (as ''C. inerme'' (L.) Gaertn.) *'' Volkameria ligustrina'' Jacq. (as ''C. ligustrinum'' (Jacq.) R.Br.)

Gallery

File:Clerodendrum paniculatum (spike).jpg, '' Clerodendrum paniculatum'' File:Clerodendrum floribundum fruit.jpg, ''C. floribundum'' fruit and foliage, coastal Central Queensland File:Clerodendrum floribundum tree.jpg, ''C. floribundum'' tree, coastal Central Queensland File:Common Rose (Pachliopta aristolochiae) on Clerodendrum viscosum at Samsing, Duars, West Bengal W IMG 6271.jpg, Common Rose ''

Pachliopta aristolochiae ''Pachliopta aristolochiae'', the common rose, is a species of swallowtail butterfly belonging to the genus ''Pachliopta'', the roses, or red-bodied swallowtails. It is a common butterfly which is extensively distributed across South Asia, south ...

'' on '' Clerodendrum viscosum'' at

Samsing Samsing is a small hill village and tourist spot in the Matiali (community development block), Malbazar subdivision of Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal situated at an elevation of 3000 ft in the foothills in between Jalpaiguri and Dar ...

in Darjeeling district of

West Bengal West Bengal (; Bengali language, Bengali: , , abbr. WB) is a States and union territories of India, state in the East India, eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabi ...

India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, seventh-largest country by area; the List of countries by population (United Nations), most populous country since ...

. File:Clerodendrum thomsoniae in India.jpg, Bleeding heart at

Wayanad Wayanad () is a district in the north-east of the Indian state of Kerala, with its administrative headquarters at the municipality of Kalpetta. It is the only plateau in Kerala. The Wayanad Plateau forms a continuation of the Mysore Plateau, ...

,Kerala File:Glorybower Flower.jpg, Glorybower Flower in

Bangalore Bengaluru, also known as Bangalore (List of renamed places in India#Karnataka, its official name until 1 November 2014), is the Capital city, capital and largest city of the southern States and union territories of India, Indian state of Kar ...

, India