This list gives an overview of the classification of minerals (silicates) and includes mostly
International Mineralogical Association
Founded in 1958, the International Mineralogical Association (IMA) is an international group of 40 national societies. The goal is to promote the science of mineralogy and to standardize the nomenclature of the 5000 plus known mineral species. Th ...
(IMA) recognized
mineral
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. ...
s and its groupings. This list complements the
series of articles and
List of minerals
This is a list of minerals for which there are articles on Wikipedia.
Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various ''species''. Within a m ...
. Rocks, ores, mineral mixtures, non-IMA approved minerals and non-named minerals are mostly excluded.
Classification of minerals
Introduction
The grouping of the New Dana Classification and of the mindat.org is similar only, and so this classification is an overview only. Consistency is missing too on the group name endings (group, subgroup, series) between New Dana Classification and mindat.org. Category, class and supergroup name endings are used as layout tools in the list as well.
Abbreviations
* "*" – mineral not IMA-approved.
* "
Q" – doubtful/questionable.
* Rn – renaming.
* Rd – redefinition.
* "REE" –
rare-earth element
The rare-earth elements (REE), also called the rare-earth metals or (in context) rare-earth oxides or sometimes the lanthanides (yttrium and scandium are usually included as rare earths), are a set of 17 nearly-indistinguishable lustrous silv ...
(Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu).
* "PGE" –
platinum-group element (Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt).
* "s.p." – special procedure.
Category '9': silicate minerals
* Unclassified silicates
Subclass '9.A': nesosilicates
* Zircon group: (a group of simple tetragonal silicates where M = tetravalent Zr, Th, or Hf)
**
Hafnon ,
Stetindite ,
Thorite
Thorite, (Th,U)SiO4, is a rare nesosilicate of thorium that crystallizes in the tetragonal system and is isomorphous with zircon and hafnon. It is the most common mineral of thorium and is nearly always strongly radioactive. It was named in 18 ...
,
Zircon
Zircon () is a mineral belonging to the group of nesosilicates and is a source of the metal zirconium. Its chemical name is zirconium(IV) silicate, and its corresponding chemical formula is Zr SiO4. An empirical formula showing some of th ...
,
Coffinite ,
Thorogummite , IMA2008-035
* Olivine group
** Calcio-Olivine ,
Fayalite
Fayalite (, commonly abbreviated to Fa) is the iron-rich end-member of the olivine solid-solution series. In common with all minerals in the olivine group, fayalite crystallizes in the orthorhombic system ( space group ''Pbnm'') with cell para ...
,
Forsterite
Forsterite (Mg2SiO4; commonly abbreviated as Fo; also known as white olivine) is the magnesium-rich end-member of the olivine solid solution series. It is isomorphous with the iron-rich end-member, fayalite. Forsterite crystallizes in the ort ...
,
Laihunite ,
Liebenbergite ,
Olivine
The mineral olivine () is a magnesium iron silicate with the chemical formula . It is a type of nesosilicate or orthosilicate. The primary component of the Earth's upper mantle, it is a common mineral in Earth's subsurface, but weathers qui ...
,
Tephroite
Tephroite is the manganese endmember of the olivine group of nesosilicate minerals with the formula Mn2 Si O4. A solid solution series exists between tephroite and its analogues, the group endmembers fayalite and forsterite. Divalent iron or ...
* Phenakite group
**
Phenakite ,
Willemite ,
Eucryptite
*
** Sillimanite subgroup
***
Sillimanite
Sillimanite is an aluminosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. Sillimanite is named after the American chemist Benjamin Silliman (1779–1864). It was first described in 1824 for an occurrence in Chester, Connecticut.
Occurrence ...
,
Mullite
Mullite or porcelainite is a rare silicate mineral formed during contact metamorphism of clay minerals. It can form two stoichiometric forms: 3 Al2 O32 SiO2 or 2Al2O3 SiO2. Unusually, mullite has no charge-balancing cations present. As a result, t ...
(''x''=0.17 to 0.59),
Boromullite
** Andalusite subgroup
***
Andalusite ,
Kanonaite
Andalusite is an aluminium nesosilicate mineral with the chemical formula Al2SiO5. This mineral was called andalousite by Delamétehrie, who thought it came from Andalusia, Spain. It soon became clear that it was a locality error, and that the ...
,
Yoderite
**
Kyanite
* Titanite group
**
Titanite
Titanite, or sphene (from the Greek ''sphenos'' (σφηνώ), meaning wedge), is a calcium titanium nesosilicate mineral, Ca Ti Si O5. Trace impurities of iron and aluminium are typically present. Also commonly present are rare earth metals in ...
,
Malayaite
Malayaite is a calcium tin silicate mineral with formula CaSnOSiO4. It is a member of the titanite group.
Discovery
Malayaite was originally found in Perak (a state in Malaysia) and was first described in literature in 1961, though it was not ...
,
Vanadomalayaite
* Cerite group
**
Cerite-(Ce) , Cerite-(La) ,
Aluminocerite-(Ce)
* Silicate apatites
** Ellestadite* ,
Britholite
Britholite-(Ce) is a rare radioactive mineral with the chemical formula (Ce,Ca)(SiO)OH. It comes in a variety of different colors. Its type locality is Naujakasik (Naajakasik), Tunulliarfik Fjord, Ilímaussaq complex, Narsaq, Kujalleq, Green ...
-(Ce) , Britholite-(Y) ,
Ellestadite
Fluorellestadite is a rare nesosilicate of calcium, with sulfate and fluorine, with the chemical formula Ca10(SiO4)3(SO4)3F2. It is a member of the apatite group, and forms a series with hydroxylellestadite.
Etymology
The mineral was origin ...
-(F) , Ellestadite-(OH) , Ellestadite-(Cl) ,
Mattheddleite ,
Karnasurtite-(Ce) (?),
Fluorbritholite-(Ce) ,
Fluorcalciobritholite
* Uranophane group
**
Kasolite ,
Uranophane ,
Sklodowskite ,
Cuprosklodowskite ,
Boltwoodite ,
Natroboltwoodite ,
Oursinite ,
Swamboite , Uranophane-beta
* Datolite group
** Datolite series
***
Datolite ,
Hingganite-(Ce) , Hingganite-(Y) , Hingganite-(Yb) ,
Calcybeborosilite-(Y)
** Homilite series
***
Bakerite
Bakerite is the common name given to hydrated calcium boro-silicate hydroxide, a borosilicate mineral (chemical formula Ca4B4(BO4)(SiO4)3(OH)3·(H2O)) that occurs in volcanic rocks in the Baker, California area. Discredited mineral: IMA2016-A.
...
,
Gadolinite
Gadolinite, sometimes known as ytterbite, is a silicate mineral consisting principally of the silicates of cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium, beryllium, and iron with the formula . It is called gadolinite-(Ce) or gadolinite-(Y), depending ...
-(Ce) , Gadolinite-(Y) ,
Calciogadolinite? ,
Homilite
Homilite is a borosilicate mineral belonging to the gadolinite group of minerals with formula .
It occurs as brown monoclinic crystals (space group ''P21/a'') within feldspar masses in pegmatite and was discovered in 1876 in Stoko island, Lange ...
,
Minasgeraisite-(Y)
* Hellandite group
**
Hellandite-(Y)
**
Tadzhikite-(Y)
** Tadzhikite-(Ce)
** Hellandite-(Ce)
**
Mottanaite-(Ce)
**
Ciprianiite
**
Piergorite-(Ce)
* Vicanite group
**
Vicanite-(Ce)
**
Hundholmenite-(Y)
**
Proshchenkoite-(Y)
= "Garnet" supergroup
=
*Nesosilicate insular groups only with cations in
and >
coordination
*
Garnet group, (X = Ca, Fe, etc., Z = Al, Cr, etc., T = Si, As, V, etc.)
** Pyralspite series
***
Pyrope
The mineral pyrope is a member of the garnet group. Pyrope is the only member of the garnet family to always display red colouration in natural samples, and it is from this characteristic that it gets its name: from the Greek for ''fire'' and ''e ...
,
Almandine
Almandine (), also known as almandite, is a species of mineral belonging to the garnet group. The name is a corruption of alabandicus, which is the name applied by Pliny the Elder to a stone found or worked at Alabanda, a town in Caria in A ...
,
Spessartine
Spessartine is a nesosilicate, manganese aluminium garnet species, Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3. Gemological Institute of America, ''GIA Gem Reference Guide'' 1995, This mineral is sometimes mistakenly referred to as ''spessartite''.
Spessartine's name i ...
,
Knorringite ,
Majorite ,
Calderite
** Ugrandite series
***
Andradite
Andradite is a mineral species of the garnet group. It is a nesosilicate, with formula Ca3Fe2Si3O12.
Andradite includes three varieties:
* ''Melanite'': Black in color, referred to as "titanian andradite".Grossular
Grossular is a calcium-aluminium species of the garnet group of minerals. It has the chemical formula of Ca3Al2(SiO4)3 but the calcium may, in part, be replaced by ferrous iron and the aluminium by ferric iron. The name grossular is derived from t ...
,
Uvarovite
Uvarovite is a chromium-bearing garnet group species with the formula: Ca3 Cr2( Si O4)3. It was discovered in 1832 by Germain Henri Hess who named it after Count Sergei Semenovitch Uvarov (1765–1855), a Russian statesman and amateur mineral c ...
,
Goldmanite ,
Yamatoite?
** Schorlomite – Kimzeyite series
***
Schorlomite
Garnets () are a group of silicate minerals that have been used since the Bronze Age as gemstones and abrasives.
All species of garnets possess similar physical properties and crystal forms, but differ in chemical composition. The different spe ...
,
Kimzeyite ,
Morimotoite
** Hydrogarnet
***
Hibschite (x=0.2 to 1.5),
Katoite (x=1.5 to 3)
** Tetragonal hydrogarnet
***
Henritermierite ,
Holtstamite
*
Bredigite ,
Merwinite ,
Wadalite ,
Rondorfite
= "Humite" supergroup
=
*Nesosilicate insular groups and O, OH, F, and with cations in
coordination only
* Topaz group
**
Topaz
Topaz is a silicate mineral of aluminium and fluorine with the chemical formula Al Si O( F, OH). It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural state is colorless, though trace element impurities can ma ...
,
Krieselite
Krieselite is a newly discovered naturally occurring mineral. Found in the Tsumeb mine in Tsumeb, Namibia
Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares ...
*
Humite, general formula
** Chondrodite series
***
Alleghanyite ,
Chondrodite ,
Reinhardbraunsite ,
Ribbeite ,
Kumtyubeite
** Humite series
***
Humite ,
Leucophoenicite ,
Manganhumite ,
Chegemite
** Clinohumite series
***
Clinohumite ,
Jerrygibbsite ,
Sonolite ,
Hydroxylclinohumite
**
Norbergite
Norbergite is a nesosilicate mineral with formula Mg3( Si O4)( F, OH)2. It is a member of the humite group.
It was first described in 1926 for an occurrence in the Östanmoss iron mine in Norberg, Västmanland, Sweden, for which it is named.
I ...
*Chloritoid group
**
Chloritoid ,
Magnesiochloritoid ,
Ottrelite
Ottrelite is a form of chloritoid. Its empirical formula is .
See also
* List of minerals
References
External links
Manganese(II) minerals
Iron(II) minerals
Magnesium minerals
Aluminium minerals
Nesosilicates
{{Silicate-min ...
,
Carboirite-VIII
Subclass '9.B': sorosilicates
*
Epidote supergroup,
** Epidote group
***
Clinozoisite ,
Niigataite ,
Epidote
Epidote is a calcium aluminium iron sorosilicate mineral.
Description
Well developed crystals of epidote, Ca2Al2(Fe3+;Al)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH), crystallizing in the monoclinic system, are of frequent occurrence: they are commonly prismatic in hab ...
,
Hancockite
Epidote is a calcium aluminium iron sorosilicate mineral.
Description
Well developed crystals of epidote, Ca2Al2(Fe3+;Al)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH), crystallizing in the monoclinic system, are of frequent occurrence: they are commonly prismatic in habi ...
,
Mukhinite ,
Piemontite
Piemontite is a sorosilicate mineral in the monoclinic crystal system with the chemical formula . It is a member of the epidote group.
Red to reddish-brown or red-black in colour, Piemontite has a red streak and a vitreous lustre.
The type lo ...
, Piemontite-(Sr) ,
Tweddillite
** Allanite group
***
Allanite-(Ce) , Allanite-(La) , Allanite-(Y) ,
Dissakisite-(Ce) , Dissakisite-(La) ,
Ferriallanite-(Ce) ,
Manganiandrosite-(Ce) , Manganiandrosite-(La) ,
Vanadoandrosite-(Ce)
** Dollaseite group
***
Dollaseite-(Ce)
Dollaseite-(Ce) is a sorosilicate end-member epidote rare-earth mineral which was discovered by Per Geijer (1927) in the Ostanmossa mine (Östanmossa gruva), Norberg district, Sweden. Dollaseite-(Ce), although not very well known, is part of a b ...
,
Khristovite-(Ce) , Mills et al. (2009)
Subclass '9.C': cyclosilicates
* Tourmaline group
** Alkali-Deficient Tourmaline subgroup - Foitite subgroup
***
Foitite
Foitite is a mineral in the tourmaline group, it is a vacancy-dominant member of the group. Foitite is in the 'vacancy' group, due to the absence of atoms in the X site.
According to the Czech Geological Society, foitite is rare. However foiti ...
(Fe
2+)
2(Al,Fe
3+)]
l6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18],
Magnesiofoitite Mg
2(Al,Fe
3+)]
l6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18],
Rossmanite LiAl
2]
l6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18], Oxy-Rossmanite
LiAl
2]Al
6(OH)
3O(BO
3)
3 i6O18** Calcic Tourmaline subgroup - Liddicoatite subgroup
***
Liddicoatite aLi
2Al]
l6(OH)
3, F, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18],
Uvite
Fluor-uvite is a tourmaline mineral with the chemical formula CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F. It is a rare mineral that is found in calcium rich contact metamorphic rocks with increased amounts of boron. Uvite is trigonal hexagonal, which means t ...
CaMg
3(Al
5Mg)(Si
6O
18)(BO
3)
3(OH)
4,
Feruvite
Tourmaline ( ) is a crystalline silicate mineral group in which boron is compounded with elements such as aluminium, iron, magnesium, sodium, lithium, or potassium. Tourmaline is a gemstone and can be found in a wide variety of colors.
The ...
a(Fe
2+,Mg)
3]
gAl5(OH)
3, F, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18], Hydroxyuvite (IMA2000-030 was not approved, but suspended) CaMg
3(Al
5Mg)(Si
6O
18)(BO
3)
3(OH)
3(OH)
** Ferric Tourmaline subgroup - Buergerite subgroup
***
Buergerite
Fluor-buergerite, originally named buergerite, is a mineral species belonging to the tourmaline group. It was first described for an occurrence in rhyolitic cavities near Mexquitic, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. It was approved as a mineral in 196 ...
a(Fe
3+)
3]
l6O
3, F, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18],
Povondraite
Povondraite is a rare silicate mineral from the tourmaline group with formula: NaFe3+3(Fe3+4,Mg2)(BO3)3Si6O18(OH)3O.["Povon ...]
a(Fe
3+)
3]
Fe3+)4Mg2(OH)
3, O, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18]
** Lithian Tourmaline subgroup - Elbaite subgroup
***
Olenite NaAl
9B
3Si
6O
27O
3OH,
Oxy-Dravite Na(MgAl
2)(MgAl
5)Si
6O
18(BO
3)
3(OH)
3O,
Elbaite Na(Al
1.5Li
1.5)Al
6(OH)
3(OH)(BO
3)
3Si
6O
18
**Sodic Tourmaline subgroup - Schorl subgroup
***
Dravite aMg
3]
l6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18], Fluor-Dravite NaMg
3Al
6(OH)
3F(BO
3)
3(Si
6O
18),
Schorl a(Fe
2+)
3]
l6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18], Schorl-(F)
a(Fe
2+)
3]
l6(OH)
3, F,OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18],
Chromdravite aMg
3]
Cr3+,Fe3+)6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18],
Vanadiumdravite aMg
3]
V3+)6(OH)
3, OH, (BO
3)
3, Si
6O
18]
* Eudialyte group
**
Carbokentbrooksite
Carbokentbrooksite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, Carbokentbrooksite, http://www.mindat.org/min-25674.html with formula (Na, □)12(Na,Ce)3Ca6Mn3Zr3NbSiO(Si9O27)2(Si3O9)2(OH)3(CO3).H2O.Khomyakov, A.P., Dusmatov, V.D., Ferrar ...
(Na,
12(Na,Ce)
3Ca
6Mn
3Zr
3Nb(Si
25O
73)(OH)
3(CO
3)•H
2O
**
Eudialyte Na
4(Ca,Ce)
2(Fe
2+,Mn,Y)ZrSi
8O
22(OH,Cl)
2 (?)
**
Feklichevite
Feklichevite is a rare mineral of the eudialyte group with the formula Na11Ca9(Fe3+,Fe2+)2Zr3NbSi(Si3O9)2(Si9O27)2.Pekov, I.V., Ekimenkova, I.A., Chukanov, N.V., Rastsvetaeva, R.K., Kononkova, N.N., Pekova, N.A., and Zadov, A.E., 2001. Feklichevit ...
Na
11Ca
9(Fe
3+,Fe
2+)
2Zr
3Nb
i25O73OH,H
2O,Cl,O)
5
**
Ferrokentbrooksite
Ferrokentbrooksite is a moderately rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, Ferrokentbrooksite, http://www.mindat.org/min-7106.html with formula .Johnsen, O., Grice, J.D., and Gault, R.A., 2003: Ferrokentbrooksite, a new member of the eudialyte ...
Na
15Ca
6(Fe,Mn)
3Zr
3NbSi
25O
73(O,OH,H
2O)
3(Cl,F,OH)
2
**
Georgbarsanovite
Georgbarsanovite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, http://www.mindat.org/min-27506.html formerly known under unaccepted name as barsanovite, with formula .Khomyakov, A.P., Nechelyustov, G.N., Ekimenkova, I.A., and Rastsvetayeva ...
Na
12(Mn,Sr,REE)
3Ca
6(Fe
2+)
3Zr
3NbSi
25O
76Cl
2•H
2O
**
Golyshevite
Golyshevite is a rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, Golyshevite, http://www.mindat.org/min-27418.html with the formula Na10Ca3Ca6Zr3Fe2SiNb(Si3O9)2(Si9O27)2CO3(OH)3•H2O. The original formula was extended to show both the presence of cyc ...
(Na,Ca)
10Ca
9(Fe
3+,Fe
2+)
2Zr
3NbSi
25O
72(CO
3)(OH)
3•H
2O
**
Ikranite
Ikranite is a member of the eudialyte group, named after the Shubinov Institute of Crystallography of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is a cyclosilicate mineral that shows trigonal symmetry with the space group ''R''3''m'', and is often seen ...
(Na,H
3O)
15(Ca,Mn,REE)
6(Fe
3+)
2Zr
3(
Zr)(
Si)Si
24O
66(O,OH)
6Cl•2-3H
2O
**
Johnsenite-(Ce)
Johnsenite-(Ce) is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, Johnsenite-(Ce), http://www.mindat.org/min-27479.html with the chemical formula .Grice, J.D., and Gault, R.A., 2006. Johnsenite-(Ce): a new member of the eudialyte group from Mo ...
Na
12(Ce,REE,Sr)
3Ca
6Mn
3Zr
3W(Si
25O
73)(CO
3)(OH,Cl)
2
**
Kentbrooksite
Kentbrooksite is a moderately rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, Kentbrooksite, http://www.mindat.org/min-7132.html with chemical formula .Johnsen, O., Grice, J.D., and Gault, R.A., 1998. Kentbrooksite from the Kangerdlugssuaq intrusion, ...
(Na,REE)
15(Ca,REE)
6Mn
2+Zr
3NbSi
25O
74F
2•2H
2O
**
Khomyakovite
Khomyakovite is an exceedingly rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula .Mindat, Khomyakovite, http://www.mindat.org/min-7137.htmlJohnsen, O., Gault, R.A., Grice, J.D., and Ercit, T.S., 1999: Khomyakovite and manganokhomyakovite, two new ...
Na
12Sr
3Ca
6Fe
3Zr
3W(Si
25O
73)(O,OH,H
2O)
3(OH,Cl)
2
**
Manganokhomyakovite
Manganokhomyakovite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group,Mindat, Manganokhomyakovite, http://www.mindat.org/min-7137.html with the chemical formula .Johnsen, O., Gault., R.A., Grice, J.D., and Ercit, T.S., 1999: Khomyakovite and manganokho ...
Na
12Sr
3Ca
6Mn
3Zr
3W(Si
25O
73)(O,OH,H
2O)
3(OH,Cl)
2
**
Mogovidite
Mogovidite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula .Chukanov, N.V., Moiseyev, M.M., Rastsvetayeva, R.K., Rozenberg, K.A., and Zadov, A.E., 2005. Golyshevite (Na,Ca)10Ca9(Fe3+,Fe2+)2Zr3NbSi25O72(CO3)(OH)3·H2O, and Mogovidite, N ...
Na
9(Ca,Na)
6Ca
6Fe
2Zr
3 i
25O
72(CO
3)(OH)
4
**
Oneillite Na
15Ca
3Mn
3(Fe
2+)
3Zr
3Nb(Si
25O
73)(O,OH,H
2O)
3(OH,Cl)
2
**
Raslakite
Raslakite is a rare mineral of the eudialyte group with the chemical formula . This formula is based on the original one, and is extended to show the presence of cyclic silicate groups. The additional silicon and oxygen shown in separation from the ...
Na
15Ca
3Fe
3(Na,Zr)
3Zr
3(Si,Nb)(Si
25O
73)(OH,H
2O)
3(Cl,OH)
**
Rastsvetaevite
Rastsveatevite is a rare mineral of the eudialyte group with the chemical formula . Its structure is modular. It is only the third member of the group after andrianovite and davinciite with essential (site-dominating) potassium. Potassium and so ...
Na
27K
8Ca
12Fe
3Zr
6Si
52O
144(O,OH,H
2O)
6Cl
2
**
Taseqite
Taseqite is a rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with chemical formula .Petersen, O.V., Johnsen, O., Gault, R.A., Niedermayr, G., and Grice, J.D., 2004. Taseqite, a new member of the eudialyte group from the Ilimaussaq alkaline complex, South Gre ...
Na
12Sr
3Ca
6Fe
3Zr
3NbSi
25O
73(O,OH,H
2O)
3Cl
2
**
Zirsilite-(Ce)
Zirsilite-(Ce) is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula .Mindat, Zirsilite-(Ce), http://www.mindat.org/min-25674.htmlKhomyakov, A.P., Dusmatov, V.D., Ferraris, G., Gula, A., Ivaldi, G., and Nechelyustov, G.N., 2003: Zirsilite-(C ...
(Na,
12(Ce, Na)
3Ca
6Mn
3Zr
3Nb(Si
25O
73)(OH)
3(CO
3)•H
2O
**
Alluaivite
Alluaivite is a rare mineral of the eudialyte group,http://www.mindat.org/show.php?id=141&ld=2 Mindat with complex formula written as .Khomyakov A. P., Netschelyustov G. N. and Rastsvetaeva R. K. 1990: Alluaivite Na19(Ca,Mn)6(Ti,Nb)3Si26O74Cl.2H2O ...
Na
19(Ca,Mn
2+)
6(Ti,Nb)
3(Si
3O
9)
2(Si
10O
28)
2Cl•2H
2O
**
Andrianovite
Andrianovite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula Na12(K,Sr,Ce)6Ca6(Mn,Fe)3Zr3NbSi(Si3O9)2(Si9O27)2O(O,H2O,OH)5.Khomyakov, A.P., Nechelyustov, G.N., Rastsvetaeva, R.K., and Rozenberg, R.A., 2009. Andrianovite, Na12(K,Sr,Ce)3 ...
Na
12(K,Sr,Ce)
3Ca
6Mn
3Zr
3Nb(Si
25O
73)(O,H
2O,OH)
5
**
Aqualite
Aqualite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group, with formula (H3O)8(Na,K,Sr)5Ca6Zr3SiSi(Si24O66)(OH)9Cl.Khomyakov, A. P., Nechelyustov, G. N., and Rastsvetaeva, R. K., 2007: Aqualite, a new mineral species of the eudialyte group from the In ...
(H
3O)
8(Na,K,Sr)
5Ca
6Zr
3Si
26O
66(OH)
9Cl
**
Dualite
Dualite is a very rare and complex mineral of the eudialyte group, its complexity being expressed in its formula .Mindat, Dualite, http://www.mindat.org/min-27578.htmlKhomyakov, A.P., Nechelyustov, G.N., and Rastsvetaeva, R.K., 2009: Dualite, Na30 ...
Na
30(Ca,Na,Ce,Sr)
12(Na,Mn,Fe,Ti)
6Zr
3Ti
3MnSi
51O
144(OH,H
2O,Cl)
9
**
Labyrinthite
Labyrinthite is a very rare mineral of the eudialyte group.Mindat, http://www.mindat.org/min-27420.html When compared to other species in the group, its structure is extremely complex - with over 100 sites and about 800 cations and anions - hence ...
(Na,K,Sr)
35Ca
12Fe
3Zr
6TiSi
51O
144(O,OH,H
2O)
9Cl
3, Mills et al. (2009)
Subclass '9.D': inosilicates
= Single chain inosilicates
=
* Astrophyllite group
**
Astrophyllite K
2Na(Fe
2+,Mn)
7Ti
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4
**
Magnesioastrophyllite K
2Na
a(Fe2+,Fe3+,Mn)Mg2i
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4F
**
Hydroastrophyllite (H
3O,K)
2Ca(Fe
3+,Mn)
5-6Ti
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4F
**
Niobophyllite K
2Na(Fe
2+,Mn)
7(Nb,Ti)
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4(F,O)
**
Zircophyllite
Zircophyllite is a complex mineral, formula . It crystallizes in the triclinic – pinacoidal crystal class as dark brown to black micaceous plates. It has perfect 001 cleavage, a Mohs hardness of 4 to 4.5 and a specific gravity of 3.34. Its in ...
K
2(Na,Ca)(Mn,Fe
2+)
7(Zr,Nb)
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4F
**
Kupletskite K
2Na(Mn,Fe
2+)
7(Ti,Nb)
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4F
** Kupletskite-(Cs) (Cs,K)
2Na(Mn,Fe
2+,Li)
7(Ti,Nb)
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4F
**
Niobokupletskite K
2Na(Mn,Zn,Fe)
7(Nb,Zr,Ti)
2Si
8O
26(OH)
4(O,F), Mills et al. (2009)
* Sapphirine supergroup
** Sapphirine group
***
Khmaralite
The mineral khmaralite is a beryllium bearing mineral of the sapphirine group with a chemical formula of . It is most associated with sillimanite, surinamite, musgravite, garnet, and biotite. The known color is a dark greenish blue or a dark gr ...
(Mg,Al,Fe)
16(Al,Si,Be)
12O
40,
Sapphirine
Sapphirine is a rare mineral, a silicate of magnesium and aluminium with the chemical formula ( (with iron as a major impurity). Named for its sapphire-like colour, sapphirine is primarily of interest to researchers and collectors: well-formed c ...
(Mg,Al)
8(Al,Si)
6O
20
** Aenigmatite group
***
Aenigmatite (Na,Ca)
4(Fe
2+,Ti,Mg)
12Si
12O
40,
Krinovite
Krinovite (pronounced kreen'-off-ite) is an emerald-green triclinic meteorite mineral, containing chromium, magnesium, oxygen, silicon, and sodium, of the aenigmatite group. "It has been discovered within graphite nodules in three iron meteorite ...
NaMg
2CrSi
3O
10,
Wilkinsonite Na
2(Fe
2+)
4(Fe
3+)
2Si
6O
20
** Rhoenite group
***
Dorrite
Dorrite is a silicate mineral that is isostructural to the aenigmatite group. Although it is most chemically similar to the mineral rhönite a2Mg5Ti(Al2Si4)O20 the lack of titanium (Ti) and presence of Fe3+ influenced dorrite's independence. ...
Ca
2Mg
2(Fe
3+)
4(Al,Fe
3+)
4Si
2O
20,
Hogtuvaite (Ca,Na)2(Fe
2+,Fe
3+,Ti,Mg,Mn)
6(Si,Be,Al)
6O
20,
Makarochkinite Ca
2(Fe
2+)
4Fe
3+TiSi
4BeAlO
20,
Rhonite Ca
2(Mg,Fe2+,Fe3+,Ti)
6(Si,Al)
6O
20,
Serendibite Ca
2(Mg,Al)
6(Si,Al,B)
6O
20,
Welshite Ca
4Mg
9Sb
3O
4 i6Be3AlFe2O36**
Surinamite (Mg,Fe
2+)
3Al
4BeSi
3O
16, Mills et al. (2009)
Pyroxene supergroup
* Orthopyroxene group
**
Donpeacorite (Mn
2+,Mg)Mg
iO3sub>2,
Enstatite
Enstatite is a mineral; the magnesium endmember of the pyroxene silicate mineral series enstatite (MgSiO3) – ferrosilite (FeSiO3). The magnesium rich members of the solid solution series are common rock-forming minerals found in igneous a ...
MgSiO
3,
Ferrosilite, FeSiO
3
* Clinopyroxene group
**
Aegirine
Aegirine is a member of the clinopyroxene group of inosilicate minerals. Aegirine is the sodium endmember of the aegirine-augite series. Aegirine has the chemical formula Na Fe Si2 O6 in which the iron is present as Fe3+. In the aegirine-augite ...
NaFe
3+Si
2O
6,
Augite
Augite is a common rock-forming pyroxene mineral with formula . The crystals are monoclinic and prismatic. Augite has two prominent cleavages, meeting at angles near 90 degrees.
Characteristics
Augite is a solid solution in the pyroxene group ...
(Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe
2+,Al,Fe
3+,Ti)
Si,Al)2O6 Clinoenstatite
Enstatite is a mineral; the magnesium endmember of the pyroxene silicate mineral series enstatite (MgSiO3) – ferrosilite (FeSiO3). The magnesium rich members of the solid solution series are common rock-forming minerals found in igneous and m ...
MgSiO
3,
Clinoferrosilite Fe
2+SiO
3,
Diopside
Diopside is a monoclinic pyroxene mineral with composition . It forms complete solid solution series with hedenbergite () and augite, and partial solid solutions with orthopyroxene and pigeonite. It forms variably colored, but typically dul ...
CaMg
i2O6 Esseneite
Esseneite is a relative rare mineral of the pyroxene group, with formula CaFeAlSiO6. It is the ferric-iron-dominant member. Esseneite is an iron-analogue of other pyroxene-group members, davisite, grossmanite, and kushiroite. It is a metamorphic ...
CaFe
3+ lSiO6 Grossmanite CaTi
3+AlSiO
6,
Hedenbergite CaFe
2+ i2O6 Jadeite
Jadeite is a pyroxene mineral with composition Na Al Si2 O6. It is hard (Mohs hardness of about 6.5 to 7.0), very tough, and dense, with a specific gravity of about 3.4. It is found in a wide range of colors, but is most often found in shades ...
Na(Al,Fe
3+)
i2O6 Jervisite (Na,Ca,Fe
2+)(Sc,Mg,Fe
2+)
i2O6 Johannsenite
Johannsenite is a silicate mineral that is a member of the pyroxene family. The mineral can be produced in limestone or due a metamorphic process. The mineral is also associated with Pb-Zn Mineralization (geology), mineralization.
It is a relativ ...
CaMn
2+ i2O6 Kanoite Mn
2+(Mg,Mn
2+)
i2O6 Kosmochlor NaCr
i2O6 Kushiroite
Kushiroite is a rare mineral of the pyroxene group, with formula CaAlAlSiO6. It is the fully aluminian member. The formula of kushiroite corresponds to the molecule (or component) known as Calcium-Tschermak (Ca-Tschermak), which dominates in the co ...
CaAl
i2O6 Namansilite NaMn3+
i2O6 Natalyite Na(V
3+,Cr)
i2O6 Petedunnite Ca(Zn,Mn
2+,Mg,Fe
2+)
i2O6 Pigeonite (Mg,Fe
2+,Ca)(Mg,Fe
2+)Si
2O
6,
Spodumene
Spodumene is a pyroxene mineral consisting of lithium aluminium inosilicate, Li Al( Si O3)2, and is a source of lithium. It occurs as colorless to yellowish, purplish, or lilac kunzite (see below), yellowish-green or emerald-green hiddenite, pri ...
LiAlSi
2O
6
= Multiple chain inosilicates
=
Note: the amphibole subcommittee (CNMNC/
IMA) published many reports (IMA 1978 s.p., IMA 1997 s.p., IMA 2003 s.p., IMA 2012 s.p.), renaming and redefining many minerals. Working draft: rruff.info, mindat.org and mineralienatlas.de are not up to date yet.
Amphibole supergroup
* w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole: calcic subgroup
** Cannilloite root name:
fluoro-cannilloite CaCa
2Mg
4Al(Si
5Al
3)O
22(OH)
2 (1993-033, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from cannilloite)
** Edenite root name:
edenite
Edenite is a double chain silicate mineral of the amphibole group with the general chemical composition NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2. Edenite is named for the locality of Edenville, Orange County, New York, where it was first described.
Occurrence
...
Na
a2Mg
5]
OH)2, AlSi7O22(1839, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
ferro-edenite
Edenite is a double chain silicate mineral of the amphibole group with the general chemical composition NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2. Edenite is named for the locality of Edenville, Orange County, New York, where it was first described.
Occurrence ...
aCa
2]
Fe2+)5OH)2, AlSi7O22(1946, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
fluoro-edenite
Edenite is a double chain silicate mineral of the amphibole group with the general chemical composition NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2. Edenite is named for the locality of Edenville, Orange County, New York, where it was first described.
Occurrence ...
Na
a2Mg
5]
F,OH)2, AlSi7O22(IMA 1994-059, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Hastingsite root name:
hastingsite aCa
2]
Fe2+)4Fe3+(OH)
2, Al
2Si
6O
22] (1896, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite (Na,K)Ca
2(Mg,Fe
3+,Ti)
5(Si,Al)
8O
22F
2 (IMA 2005-002, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-magnesiohastingsite),
magnesio-hastingsite Na
a2Mg
4Fe
3+]
OH)2, Al2Si6O22(1928, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from magnesiohastingsite),
potassic-fluoro-hastingsite KCa2((Fe
2+)
2,Mg
2,Fe
3+)S
5(Si
6Al
2)
8O
22F
2 (IMA 2005-006, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-potassichastingsite),
potassic-chloro-hastingsite KCa
2(Mg
4Al)(Si
6Al
2)O
22Cl
2 (IMA 2005-007, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from chloro-potassicpargasite, syn. dashkesanite),
potassic-magnesio-hastingsite (K,Na)Ca
2(Mg,Fe
2+,Fe
3+,Al)
5(Si,Al)
8O
22(OH,Cl)
2 (IMA 2004-027b, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassic-magnesiohastingsite)
**
Joesmithite PbCa
2(Mg,Fe
2+,Fe
3+)
5Si
6Be
2O
22(OH)
2 (1968, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Magnesio-hornblende root name:
ferro-hornblende a2(Fe
2+)
4Al]
OH)2, AlSi7O22(1930, IMA 1978 s.p., IMA 1997 s.p. Rn from ferro-hornblende, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferrohornblende),
Magnesiohornblende, magnesio-hornblende a2Mg
4Al]
OH)2, AlSi7O22(1965, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from magnesiohornblende)
** Pargasite root name:
chromio-pargasite (IMA 2011-023, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ehimeite),
ferro-pargasite aCa
2]
Fe2+)4AlOH)2, Al2Si6O22(1961, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferropargasite),
fluoro-pargasite NaCa
2(Mg
3Fe
2+Al)
5(Si
6Al
2O
22)F
2 (IMA 2003-050, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoropargasite),
pargasite aCa
2]
g4AlOH)2, Al2Si6O22(1815, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
potassic-chloro-pargasite KCa
2((Fe
2+)
3MgFe
3+)(Si
6Al
2)S
8O
22Cl
2 (IMA 2001-036, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from chloro-potassichastingsite),
potassic-ferro-pargasite KCa
2((Fe
2+)
4Al)Si
6Al
2O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2007-053, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassic-ferropargasite),
potassic-fluoro-pargasite (IMA 2009-091, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-potassic-pargasite),
potassic-pargasite a2Mg
4Al]
OH)2, Al2Si6O22(IMA 1994-046, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassicpargasite)
** Sadanagaite root name:
potassic-ferro-ferri-sadanagaite a2(Fe
2+)
3(Fe
3+)
2]
OH)2, Al3Si5O22(IMA 1997-035, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassic-ferrisadanagaite),
potassic-ferro-sadanagaite KCa
2Fe
2+3(Al,Fe
3+)
2(Si
5Al
3)O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 1980-027, 2004 Rd, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd Rn from sadanagaite, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassicsadanagaite),
potassic-sadanagaite (K,Na)Ca
2(Mg,Fe
2+,Al,Ti)
5 Si,Al)8O22(IMA 1982-102, 2004 Rd, IMA 2003 s.p. Rn from magnesio-sadanagaite, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassic-magnesiosadanagaite),
sadanagaite aCa
2]
g3Al2OH)2, Al3Si5O22(1984, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd Rn from sadanagaite, IMA 2002-051, 2004 Rn from potassic-magnesiosadanagaite, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from magnesiosadanagaite)
** Tremolite-actinolite root name:
actinolite
Actinolite is an amphibole silicate mineral with the chemical formula .
Etymology
The name ''actinolite'' is derived from the Greek word ''aktis'' (), meaning "beam" or "ray", because of the mineral's fibrous nature.
Mineralogy
Actinolite is ...
Ca
2(Mg,Fe
2+)
5(Si
8O
22)(OH)
2 (1794, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
ferro-actinolite Ferro-actinolite is the ferrous iron-rich endmember of the actinolite-tremolite continuous solid solution series of the double chain calcareous amphibole group of inosilicate minerals. All the series members belong to the monoclinic crystal system. ...
a2(Fe
2+,Mg)
5]
OH)2, Si8O22(1946, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
tremolite
Tremolite is a member of the amphibole group of silicate minerals with composition: Ca2(Mg5.0-4.5Fe2+0.0-0.5)Si8O22(OH)2. Tremolite forms by metamorphism of sediments rich in dolomite and quartz. Tremolite forms a series with actinolite and fe ...
a2Mg
5]
OH)2, Si8O22(1789, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Tschermakite root name:
tschermakite a2Mg
3Fe
3+Al]
OH)2, Al2Si6O22(1945, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
* w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole: lithium subgroup
** Clino-holmquistite root name:
clino-ferro-ferri-holmquistite ☐Li
2((Fe
3+)
2(Fe
2+)
3)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 1997 s.p., 2001-066, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferri-clinoferroholmquistite)
** Holmquistite root name:
ferro-holmquistite
Holmquistite is a lithium magnesium aluminium inosilicate mineral with chemical formula . It crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system as prismatic crystals up to or as massive aggregates. It has a Mohs hardness of 5-6 and a specific ...
☐(Li
2(Fe
2+)
3Al
2)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2004-030, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
holmquistite ☐(Li
2Mg
3Al
2)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1913, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Pedrizite root name:
ferri-pedrizite NaLi
2((Fe
3+)
2Mg
2Li)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2001-032, IMA 2003 s.p. discredited, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd revalidated),
ferro-ferri-pedrizite NaLi
2((Fe
3+)
2(Fe
2+)
3)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2003 s.p., IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from sodic-ferro-ferripedrizite),
ferro-fluoro-pedrizite NaLi
2(Fe
2+)
2Al
2Li)Si
8O
22F
2 (IMA 2008-070, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-sodic-ferropedrizite),
fluoro-pedrizite NaLi
2(Mg
2Al
2Li)Si
8O
22F
2 (IMA 2004-002, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-sodic-pedrizite)
* w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole: Mg-Fe-Mn subgroup
**Anthophyllite root name:
anthophyllite
Anthophyllite is an orthorhombic amphibole mineral: ☐Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 (☐ is for a vacancy, a point defect in the crystal structure), magnesium iron inosilicate hydroxide. Anthophyllite is polymorphic with cummingtonite. Some forms of antho ...
☐Mg
7Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1801, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
ferro-anthophyllite
Anthophyllite is an orthorhombic amphibole mineral: ☐Mg2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2 (☐ is for a vacancy, a point defect in the crystal structure), magnesium iron inosilicate hydroxide. Anthophyllite is polymorphic with cummingtonite. Some forms of ...
☐(Fe
2+)
7Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1821, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
proto-anthophyllite (Mg,Fe)
7Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2001-065, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
protoferro-anthophyllite (Fe
2+,Mn
2+)
2(Fe
2+,Mg)
5(Si
4O
11)
2(OH)
2 (IMA 1986-006, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
protomangano-ferro-anthophyllite (Mn
2+,Fe
2+)
2(Fe
2+,Mg)
5(Si
4O
11)
2(OH)
2 (IMA 1986-007, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Gedrite root name:
ferro-gedrite ☐(Fe
2+)
5Al
2Si
6Al
2O
22(OH)
2 (1939, IMA 1978 s.p. Rn, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferrogedrite),
gedrite ☐Mg
5Al
2Si
6Al
2O
22(OH)
2 (1836, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Minerals:
cummingtonite
Cummingtonite ( ) is a metamorphic amphibole with the chemical composition , magnesium iron silicate hydroxide.
Monoclinic cummingtonite is compositionally similar and polymorphic with orthorhombic anthophyllite, which is a much more common f ...
☐Mg
7Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1824, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
grunerite ☐(Fe
2+)
7Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1853, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
* w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole: sodic subgroup
** Arfvedsonite root name:
arfvedsonite
Arfvedsonite () is a sodium amphibole mineral with composition: aNa2] Fe2+)4Fe3+(OH)2, Si8O22]. It crystallizes in the monoclinic prismatic crystal system and typically occurs as greenish black to bluish grey fibrous to radiating or stellate pr ...
NaNa
2((Fe
2+)
4Fe
3+)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1823, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
magnesio-arfvedsonite NaNa
2(Mg
4Fe
2+)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1957, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite NaNa
2(Mg,Fe
2+)
4Fe
3+ i8O22F,OH)
2 (IMA 1998-056, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-magnesio-arfvedsonite),
potassic-arfvedsonite KNa
2(Fe
2+)
4Fe
3+Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2003-043, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
potassic-magnesio-fluoro-arfvedsonite KNa
2(Mg
4Fe
3+)Si
8O
22F
2 (IMA 1985-023, 2006 Rn from potassium fluor-magnesio-arfvedsonite, 2010 Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-potassic-magnesio-arfvedsonite)
** Eckermannite root name:
eckermannite NaNa
2(Mg
4Al)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1942, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
mangano-ferri-eckermannite NaNa
2(Mn
2+)
4(Fe
3+,Al)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1968-028, IMA 1997 s.p., IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from kôzulite)
** Glaucophane root name:
ferro-glaucophane
Glaucophane is the name of a mineral and a mineral group belonging to the sodic amphibole supergroup of the double chain inosilicates, with the chemical formula ☐Na2(Mg3Al2)Si8O22(OH)2.
Glaucophane crystallizes in the monoclinic system.
Nam ...
☐Na
2((Fe
2+)
3Al
2)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1957, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferroglaucophane),
glaucophane ☐Na
2(Mg
3Al
2)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1963, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Leakeite root name:
ferri-fluoro-leakeite NaNa
2(Mg
2Fe
3+2Li)Si
8O
22F
2 (IMA 2009-085, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoroleakeite),
ferri-leakeite Na(NaLi)(Mg
2(Fe
3+)
2Li)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2001-069, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferriwhittakerite),
ferro-ferri-fluoro-leakeite NaNa
2((Fe
2+)
2(Fe
3+)
2Li)Si
8O
22F
2 (IMA 1993-026, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-ferroleakeite),
fluoro-leakeite NaNa
2(Mg
2Al
2Li)Si
8O
22F
2 (IMA 2009-012, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-aluminoleakeite),
potassic-ferri-leakeite KNa
2Mg
2(Fe
3+)
2LiSi
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2001-049, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassicleakeite),
potassic-leakeite KNa
2(Mg
2Al
2Li)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (2002, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
potassic-mangani-leakeite KNa
2(Mg
2Mn
3+2Li)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 1992-032, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from kornite)
** Nybøite root name:
ferro-ferri-nybøite NaNa
2(Fe
2+)
3(Fe
3+)
2(Si
7Al)O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 1997 s.p., IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferric-ferronyboite),
fluoro-nybøite NaNa
2(Al
2Mg
3)(Si
7Al)O
22(F,OH)
2 (IMA 2002-010, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoronybøite),
nybøite NaNa
2(Mg
3Al
2)Si
7AlO
22(OH)
2 (1981, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Riebeckite root name:
fluoro-riebeckite ☐Na
2(Fe
2+3Fe
3+2)Si
8O
22F
2 (1966, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
magnesio-riebeckite ☐Na
2 Mg,Fe2+)3(Fe3+)2i
8O
22(OH)
2 (1957, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd),
riebeckite ☐Na
2((Fe
2+)
3(Fe
3+)
2)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (1888, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
* w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole: sodic-calcic subgroup
** Barroisite root name:
barroisite aNaMg
3AlFe
3+]
OH)2, AlSi7O22(1922, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Katophorite root name:
ferri-fluoro-katophorite Na(NaCa)(Mg
4Fe
3+)(Si
7Al)O
22F
2 (IMA 2012 s.p.),
ferri-katophorite Na
2Ca(Fe
2+,Mg)
4Fe
3+(Si
7Al)O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 1978 s.p., IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferrikatophorite),
ferro-katophorite Na(NaCa)(Fe
2+4Al)(Si
7Al)O
22(OH)
2 (1894, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn),
katophorite Na(NaCa)(Mg
4Al)(Si
7Al)O
22(OH)
2 (1894, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Richterite root name:
ferro-richterite Na
aNa(Fe
2+)
5]
OH)2, Si8O22(1946, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferrorichterite),
fluororichterite, fluoro-richterite Na(CaNa)Mg
5 i8O222 (IMA 1992-020, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluororichterite),
potassic-fluoro-richterite K
aNaMg
5]
F,OH)2, Si8O22(IMA 1986-046, IMA 2004 s.p. Rn from potassium-fluorrichterite, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-potassicrichterite),
richterite
Richterite is a sodium calcium magnesium silicate mineral belonging to the amphibole group. If iron replaces the magnesium within the structure of the mineral, it is called ferrorichterite; if fluorine replaces the hydroxyl, it is called fluo ...
Na
aNaMg
5]
OH)2, Si8O22(1865, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Taramite root name:
ferro-taramite Na
aNa(Fe
2+)
3Al
2]
OH)2, Al2Si6O22(IMA 2006-023, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from aluminotaramite),
fluoro-taramite Na
2CaMg
3Al
2(Si
6Al
2)O
22F
2 (IMA 2006-025, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from fluoro-alumino-magnesiotaramite),
potassic-ferro-ferri-taramite K(CaNa)(Fe
2+3Fe
3+2)(Si
6Al
2)O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 1964-003, IMA 1978 s.p. Rn from mboziite, IMA 1997 s.p. Rn from ferri-taramite, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferritaramite, Erratum 2013 Rd Rn from ferro-ferri-taramite),
potassic-ferro-taramite K(CaNa)(Fe
2+3Al
2)(Si
6Al
2)O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2007-015, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from potassic-aluminotaramite),
taramite Na
2CaMg
3Al
2(Si
6Al
2)O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2006-024, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from alumino-magnesiotaramite)
** Winchite root name:
ferri-winchite (☐,Na)(Na,Ca)
2(Mg,Fe
2+)
4Fe
3+ i8O22OH)
2 (IMA 2004-034, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferriwinchite),
ferro-winchite aNa(Fe
2+)
4(Al,Fe
3+)]
OH)2, Si8O22(IMA 1978 s.p., IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferrowinchite),
winchite aNaMg
4(Al,Fe
3+)]
OH)2, Si8O22(1906, IMA 1997 s.p. Rd, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
* w(OH, F, Cl)-dominant amphibole: Na-Mg-Fe-Mn subgroup
** Ghoseite root name:
ferri-ghoseite Na(NaMn
2+)(Mg
4Fe
3+)Si
8O
22(OH)
2 (IMA 2003-066, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from parvowinchite)
* w(O)-dominant amphibole group
** Kaersutite root name:
ferri-kaersutite
Kaersutite is a dark brown to black double chain calcic titanium bearing amphibole mineral with formula: NaCa2(Mg3Ti4+Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2.
Ferro-kaersutite is the divalent iron rich endmember of the kaersutite group, with the iron replacing m ...
NaCa
2(Mg
3Fe
3+Ti)(Si
6Al
2)O
22O
2 (IMA 2011-035, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ferrikaersutite),
kaersutite NaCa
2(Mg
4Ti)(Si
6Al
2)O
23(OH) (IMA 1997 s.p., IMA 2012 s.p. Rd)
** Minerals:
mangani-dellaventuraite NaNa
2(Mg
2,Mn
3+,Li,Ti)Si
8O
22O
2 (IMA 2003-061, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from dellaventuraite),
mangano-mangani-ungarettiite NaNa
2((Mn
2+)
2(Mn
3+)
3)Si
8O
22O
2 (IMA 1994-004, IMA 2012 s.p. Rd Rn from ungarettiite)
Subclass '9.E': phyllosilicates
*
:Clay minerals group
*
:Medicinal clay
*
:Mica group
*
:Serpentine group/ Kaolinite-Serpentine group
*
:Smectite group/ Montmorillonite group
* Pyrophyllite-Talc group
*
Chlorite group
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amounts o ...
:
Clinochlore,
Nimite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amounts ...
,
Pennantite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amounts ...
,
Baileychlore
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amounts ...
,
Cookeite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amounts ...
,
Donbassite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amou ...
,
Gonyerite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amou ...
,
Odinite
Serpentine subgroup (part of the kaolinite-serpentine group in the category of phyllosilicates) are greenish, brownish, or spotted minerals commonly found in serpentinite. They are used as a source of magnesium and asbestos, and as decorative ...
,
Sudoite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amou ...
,
Orthochamosite
The chlorites are the group of phyllosilicate minerals common in low-grade metamorphic rocks and in altered igneous rocks. Greenschist, formed by metamorphism of basalt or other low-silica volcanic rock, typically contains significant amou ...
Subclass '9.F': tectosilicates
= Tectosilicates without zeolitic H2O
=
*
:Quartz varieties
*
Feldspar family
*
Feldspathoid family
**Sodalite group
**Helvine group
**
:Cancrinite group
= Tectosilicates with zeolitic H2O
=
*
Zeolite group
*
Alflarsenite NaCa
2Be
3Si
4O
13(OH)•2H
2O
* Zeolites with T
5O
10 Units – fibrous zeolites
** Natrolite subgroup
***
Gonnardite (Na,Ca)
2(Si,Al)
5O
10·3H
2O,
Mesolite Na
2Ca
2Si
9Al
6O
30·8H
2O,
Natrolite
Natrolite is a tectosilicate mineral species belonging to the zeolite group. It is a hydrated sodium and aluminium silicate with the formula . The type locality is Hohentwiel, Hegau, Germany.
It was named natrolite by Martin Heinrich Klap ...
Na
2Al
2Si
3O
10·2H
2O,
Paranatrolite Na
2Al
2Si
3O
10·3H
2O,
Scolecite CaAl
2Si
3O
10·3H
2O
**
Tetranatrolite? Na
2 l2Si3O10��2H
2O,
Thomsonite-Sr (Sr,Ca)
2Na
l5Si5O20��7H
2O, Thomsonite-Ca NaCa
2Al
5Si
5O
20•6H
2O,
Kalborsite K6Al
4Si
6BO
20(OH)
4Cl,
Edingtonite
Edingtonite is a white, gray, brown, colorless, pink or yellow zeolite mineral. Its chemical formula is Ba Al2 Si3 O10·4 H2O. It has varieties with tetragonal, orthorhombic or triclinic crystals.
The mineral occurs within cavities in nephelin ...
BaAl
2Si
3O
10•4H
2O
* Chains of single connected 4-membered rings
**
Ammonioleucite (NH
4,K)AlSi
2O
6,
Leucite
Leucite is a rock-forming mineral of the feldspathoid group, silica-undersaturated and composed of potassium and aluminium tectosilicate KAlSi2O6. Crystals have the form of cubic icositetrahedra but, as first observed by Sir David Brewster ...
KAlSi
2O
6,
Analcime
Analcime (; ) or analcite is a white, gray, or colorless tectosilicate mineral. Analcime consists of hydrated sodium aluminium silicate in cubic crystalline form. Its chemical formula is Na Al Si2 O6· H2O. Minor amounts of potassium and calc ...
NaAlSi
2O
6•H
2O,
Hsianghualite
Hsianghualite is a tectosilicate (framework silicate) of lithium, calcium and beryllium, with fluorine, a member of the zeolite group. It was discovered in 1958 and named for the type locality, Hsiang Hua, 香花, meaning fragrant flower.
Struc ...
Ca
3Li
2Be
3(SiO
4)
3F
2,
Lithosite K
6Al
4Si
8O
25•H
2O,
Pollucite (Cs,Na)
2Al
2Si
4O
12•H
2O,
Wairakite
Wairakite is a zeolite mineral with an analcime structure but containing a calcium ion. The chemical composition is Ca8(Al16Si32O96)•16H2O. It is named for the location of its discovery in Wairakei, North Island, New Zealand, by Alfred Steiner ...
CaAl
2Si
4O
12•2H
2O,
Laumontite CaAl
2Si
4O
12•4H
2O,
Yugawaralite
Yugawaralite is a clear or pinkish mineral of the Zeolite group. It was first described by Sakurai and Hayashi (1952) near a waterfall by some hot springs near Yugawara.
Etymology
Yugawaralite is named after the town Yugawara, where it was fou ...
CaAl
2Si
6O
16•4H
2O,
Roggianite Ca
2 e(OH)2Al2Si4O13��2.5H
2O,
Goosecreekite CaAl
2Si
6O
16•5H
2O,
Montesommaite (K,Na)
9Al
9Si
23O
64•10H
2O,
Partheite Ca
2Al
4Si
4O
15(OH)
2•4H
2O
* Chains of doubly connected 4-membered rings
**
Amicite K
2Na
2Al
4Si
4O
16•5H
2O,
Garronite Na
2Ca
5Al
12Si
20O
64•27H
2O,
Gobbinsite (Na
2,Ca)
2K
2Al
6Si
10O
32•12H
2O,
Gismondine
Gismondine is a mineral with the chemical formula CaAl2Si2O8·4(H2O). It is a zeolite or hydrated alumino-silicate. It forms colorless, bipyramidal crystals of orthorhombic symmetry.
Gismondine was named for Italian mineralogist Carlo Giuseppe ...
Ca
2Al
4Si
4O
16•9H
2O,
Harmotome (Ba,Na,K)
(1-2)(Si,Al)
8O
16•6H
2O,
Phillipsite-Na (Na,K,Ca)
(1-2)(Si,Al)
8O
16•6H
2O, Phillipsite-Ca (Ca,K,Na)
(1-2)(Si,Al)
8O
16•6H
2O, Phillipsite-K (K,Na,Ca)
(1-2)(Si,Al)
8O
16•6H
2O,
Merlinoite (K,Ca,Na,Ba)
7Si
23Al
9O
64•23H
2O,
Mazzite
Zeolites are microporous, crystalline aluminosilicate materials commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. They mainly consist of silicon, aluminium, oxygen, and have the general formula ･y where is either a metal ion or H+. These pos ...
-Mg K
2CaMg
2(Al,Si)
36O
72•28H
2O, Mazzite-Na Na
8Al
8Si
28O
72•30H
2O,
Perlialite K
8Tl
4Al
12Si
24O
72•20H
2O,
Boggsite NaCa
2(Al
5Si
19O
48)•17H
2O,
Paulingite
Paulingite or paulingite-K is a rare zeolite mineral that is found in vesicles in the basaltic rocks from the Columbia River near Rock Island Dam, Washington.
Paulingite was named for Linus Carl Pauling (1901–1994), professor of chemistry, C ...
-Ca (Ca,K,Na,Ba)
5 l10Si35O84��34H
2O, Paulingite-K (K
2,Ca,Na
2,Ba)
5Al
10Si
35O
90•45H
2O, Paulingite-Na (Na
2,K
2,Ca,Ba)
5Al
10Si
35O
90•45H
2O
* Chains of 6-membered rings – tabular zeolites
**
Gmelinite-Ca (Ca,Na
2)Al
2Si
4O
12•6H
2O, Gmelinite-K (K,Na,Ca)
6(Al
7Si
17O
48)•22H
2O, Gmelinite-Na (Na
2,Ca)Al
2Si
4O
12•6H
2O,
Chabazite-K (K
2,Ca,Na
2,Mg)
l2Si4O12��6H
2O, Chabazite-Ca (Ca
0.5,Na,K)
4 l4Si8O24��12H
2O, Chabazite-Na (Na
2,K
2,Ca,Mg)
l2Si4O12��6H
2O, Chabazite-Sr (Sr,Ca,K
2,Na
2)
l2Si4O12��6H
2O,
Herschelite? (Na,Ca,K)AlSi
2O
6•3H
2O,
Willhendersonite KCaAl
3Si
3O
12•5H
2O,
Levyne-Ca (Ca,Na
2,K
2)Al
2Si
4O
12•6H
2O, Levyne-Na (Na
2,Ca,K
2)Al
2Si
4O
12•6H
2O,
Bellbergite (K,Ba,Sr)
2Sr
2Ca
2(Ca,Na)
4Al
18Si
18O
72•30H
2O,
Erionite-Ca (Ca,K
2,Na
2)
2 l4Si14O36��15H
2O, Erionite-K (K
2,Ca,Na
2)
2 l4Si14O36��15H
2O, Erionite-Na (Na
2,K
2,Ca)
2 l4Si14O36��15H
2O,
Wenkite
Zeolites are microporous, crystalline aluminosilicate materials commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts. They mainly consist of silicon, aluminium, oxygen, and have the general formula ･y where is either a metal ion or H+. These pos ...
Ba
4Ca
6(Si,Al)
20O
39(OH)
2(SO
4)
3•nH
2O (?),
Offretite (K
2,Ca,Mg)
2.5Al
5Si
13O
36•15H
2O,
Faujasite-Ca (Ca,Na
2,Mg)
3.5 l7Si17O48��32H
2O, Faujasite-Mg (Mg,Na
2,Ca)
3.5 l7Si17O48��32H
2O, Faujasite-Na (Na
2,Ca,Mg)
3.5 l7Si17O48��32H
2O,
Maricopaite Pb
7Ca
2(Si,Al)
48O
100•32H
2O,
Mordenite (Ca,Na
2,K
2)Al
2Si
10O
24•7H
2O,
Dachiardite-Ca (Ca,Na
2,K
2)
5Al
10Si
38O
96•25H
2O, Dachiardite-Na (Na
2,Ca,K
2)
4Al
4Si
20O
48•13H
2O,
Epistilbite CaAl
2Si
6O
16•5H
2O,
Ferrierite-K (K,Na)
2Mg(Si,Al)
18O
36•9H
2O, Ferrierite-Mg (Mg,Na,K)
2Mg(Si,Al)
18O
36•9H
2O, Ferrierite-Na (Na,K)
2Mg(Si,Al)
18O
36•9H
2O,
Bikitaite Li
2 l2Si4O12��2H
2O
* Chains of T
10O
20 tetrahedra
**
Clinoptilolite-Na (Na,K,Ca)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O, Clinoptilolite-K (Na,K,Ca)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O, Clinoptilolite-Ca (Ca,Na,K)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O,
Heulandite-Ba (Ba,Ca,K,Na,Sr)
5Al
9Si
27O
72•22H
2O, Heulandite-Ca (Ca,Na)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O, Heulandite-K (K,Na,Ca)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O, Heulandite-Na (Na,Ca)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O, Heulandite-Sr (Sr,Na,Ca)
(2-3)Al
3(Al,Si)
2Si
13O
36•12H
2O,
Stilbite-Ca NaCa
4 l8Si28O72��H
2O (), Stilbite-Na Na
3Ca
3 l8Si28O72��H
2O (),
Barrerite (Na,K,Ca)
2Al
2Si
7O
18•6H
2O,
Stellerite
Stellerite is a rare mineral discovered by and named after Georg Wilhelm Steller, a German explorer and zoologist. The mineral has a general formula of Ca Al2Silicon.html"_;"title="Aluminum.html"_;"title="/nowiki>Aluminum">Al2Silicon">Si7Oxyge ...
CaAl
2Si
7O
18•7H
2O,
Brewsterite-Ba (Ba,Sr)Al
2Si
6O
16•5H
2O, Brewsterite-Sr (Sr,Ba)Al
4Si
12O
32•10H
2O
* Other rare zeolites
**
Terranovaite (Na,Ca)
8(Si
68Al
12)O
160•29H
2O,
Gottardiite Na
3Mg
3Ca
5Al
19Si
117O
272•93H
2O,
Lovdarite K
2Na
6Be
4Si
14O
36•9H
2O,
Gaultite Na
4Zn
2Si
7O
18•5H
2O,
Chiavennite CaMnBe
2Si
5O
13(OH)
2•2H
2O,
Tschernichite (Ca,Na)(Si
6Al
2)O
16•(4-8)H
2O,
Mutinaite Na
3Ca
4Si
85Al
11O
192•60H
2O,
Tschortnerite Ca
4(Ca,Sr,K,Ba)
3Cu
3(OH)
8 i12Al12O48��H
2O, ,
Thornasite Na
12Th
3 i8O19sub>4•18H
2O,
Direnzoite NaK
6MgCa
2(Al
13Si
47O
120)•36H
2O
* Unclassified zeolites
**
Cowlesite
Cowlesite is a mineral named after American mineralogist John Cowles. It was first described by W.S. Wise and Rudy W. Tschernich in material from roadcuts along Neer Road, Goble, Oregon, United States. The description also incorporated data f ...
CaAl
2Si
3O
10•(5-6)H
2O,
Mountainite (Ca,Na
2,K
2)
2Si
4O
10•3H
2O
Subclass: Germanates
See also
*
*
*
References
*
*
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Classification Of Minerals - Silicates
*
Minerals
In geology and mineralogy, a mineral or mineral species is, broadly speaking, a solid chemical compound with a fairly well-defined chemical composition and a specific crystal structure that occurs naturally in pure form.John P. Rafferty, ed. ( ...
Mineralogy