genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Trochidae The Trochidae, common name top-snails or top-shells, are a family of various sized sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Vetigastropoda. This family is commonly known as the top-snails because in many species the shell resembles ...

Pliocene The Pliocene ( ; also Pleiocene) is the epoch in the geologic time scale that extends from 5.333 million to 2.58 The distribution of this genus is worldwide, individuals of some species sometimes occur in great numbers, from the

intertidal zone The intertidal zone, also known as the foreshore, is the area above water level at low tide and underwater at high tide (in other words, the area within the tidal range). This area can include several types of habitats with various species ...

up to depths of 200 m. Many species can be found in Australia, New Zealand, the Indo-Pacific, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Seychelles, Japan, South Africa, Zanzibar, Indian Ocean, the Red Sea, West Africa, Angola, North Africa and Europe.

Shell description

These top shells are wide-conical and low spired. Their spirally ribbed

sculpture Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions. Sculpture is the three-dimensional art work which is physically presented in the dimensions of height, width and depth. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sc ...

consists of conspicuous regular rows of robust, round beads. The

whorl A whorl ( or ) is an individual circle, oval, volution or equivalent in a whorled pattern, which consists of a spiral or multiple concentric objects (including circles, ovals and arcs). Whorls in nature File:Photograph and axial plane flo ...

s show a profile with a deep suture and the final whorl inflated. The

aperture In optics, an aperture is a hole or an opening through which light travels. More specifically, the aperture and focal length of an optical system determine the cone angle of a bundle of rays that come to a focus in the image plane. An ...

of the shell is oval, with a strongly ridged lip. The umbilicus is generally deep. The color of the shell varies between orange, dark red, and chocolate brown.

Species

The type species, ''Clanculus pharaonius'', was described by

Carl Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, ...

in 1758 as ''Trochus pharaonius''. Subgenus ''Clanculus (Paraclanculus)'' Finlay, 1926 * ''

Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus ''Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus'' is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Marshall, B. (2014). Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus (Finlay, 1926). Accessed through: World Regi ...

'' (Finlay, 1926) * † ''

Clanculus adesus ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' (Marwick, 1931) * '' Clanculus albanyensis'' Jansen, 1995 * ''

Clanculus albinus ''Clanculus albinus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus albinus'' A. Adams, 1853. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mari ...

'' A. Adams, 1853 * ''

Clanculus albugo ''Clanculus albugo'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus albugo'' (Watson, 1880). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marine ...

'' (Watson, 1880) * ''

Clanculus aloysii ''Clanculus aloysii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.

'' Tenison Woods, 1876 * ''

Clanculus ater ''Clanculus ater'', common name the topsnail, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 7 mm and 14 mm. The black shell shows a few ...

'' Pilsbry, 1911 * ''

Clanculus atricatena ''Clanculus atricatena'', common name the black-chained topshell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of an adult shell varies between 15 mm and 20 mm. Th ...

'' J.R. Tomlin, 1921 * ''

Clanculus atropurpureus ''Clanculus atropurpureus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clanculus atropurpureus'' (Gould, 1849). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http: ...

'' A.A. Gould 1849 * ''

Clanculus atypicus ''Clanculus atypicus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus atypicus'' Iredale, 1912. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...

'' Iredale, 1912 * † ''

Clanculus baccatus ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' (Defrance 1824) * ''

Clanculus bathyraphe ''Clanculus bathyraphe'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 6.5 mm, its diameter 8.5 mm. The shell has a depressed-conic shape with ...

'' ( E. A. Smith, 1862) * '' Clanculus berthelotii'' (d'Orbigny, 1840) * ''

Clanculus bicarinatus ''Clanculus bicarinatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus bicarinatus'' Angas, 1880. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www ...

'' Angas, 1880 * ''

Clanculus boyeti ''Clanculus boyeti'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 6 mm and 12 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off the Phi ...

'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * † ''

Clanculus brebioni ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 * '' Clanculus bronni'' (R.W. Dunker, 1860) * ''

Clanculus brunneus ''Clanculus brunneus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus brunneus'' A. Adams, 1853. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://w ...

'' A. Adams, 1853 * ''

Clanculus buijsei ''Clanculus buijsei'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The length of an adult shell is 11 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean off the Phili ...

'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * '' Clanculus ceylonicus'' G.& H. Nevill, 1869 * ''

Clanculus clanguloides ''Clanculus clanguloides'', common name the secret clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell varies between 10 mm and 12 mm, its d ...

'' Wood, 1828 * '' Clanculus clangulus'' (Wood, 1828) * ''

Clanculus cognatus ''Clanculus cognatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comp ...

'' (Pilsbry, 1903) * ''

Clanculus comarilis ''Clanculus comarilis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus comarilis'' Hedley, 1912. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.ma ...

'' Ch. Hedley, 1912 * '' Clanculus consobrinus'' R. Tate, 1893 * '' Clanculus corallinus'' ( Gmelin, 1791) * ''

Clanculus cristinae ''Clanculus cristinae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description Distribution This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off West Africa West Africa or Western Africa is t ...

'' Rubio & Rolan, 2002 * '' Clanculus cruciatus'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

, 1758) * ''

Clanculus denticulatus ''Clanculus denticulatus'', common name the toothed clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clanculus denticulatus'' (Gray, 1827). Accessed through: Worl ...

'' (Gray, 1827) * ''

Clanculus depictus ''Clanculus depictus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus depictus'' A. Adams, 1854. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.ma ...

'' A. Adams, 1854 * ''

Clanculus dunkeri ''Clanculus dunkeri'', common name Dunker's clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus dunkeri'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843). Accessed through: World Re ...

'' (Koch, 1843) * '' Clanculus edentulus'' A. Adams, 1853 * ''

Clanculus escondidus ''Clanculus escondidus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 8 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off the Philippines ...

'' Poppe, Tagaro & Vilvens, 2009 * ''

Clanculus eucarinatus ''Clanculus eucarinatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Clanculus euchelioides ''Clanculus euchelioides'', common name the small top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus euchelioides'' Tate, 1893. Accessed through: World Regis ...

'' R. Tate, 1893 * '' Clanculus flagellatus'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1848) * '' Clanculus floridus'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1850) * ''

Clanculus flosculus ''Clanculus flosculus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 9 mm and 15 mm. The thick, narrowly perforate shell has a conoid sh ...

'' Fischer, 1880 * '' Clanculus gemmulifer'' H. A. Pilsbry, 1901 * ''

Clanculus granti ''Clanculus granti'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus granti'' Hedley, 1907. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinesp ...

'' Ch. Hedley, 1907 * '' Clanculus guineensis'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''

Clanculus johnstoni ''Clanculus johnstoni'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus johnstoni'' Hedley, 1917. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.ma ...

'' Ch. Hedley, 1917 * ''

Clanculus jucundus ''Clanculus jucundus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus jucundus'' Gould, 1861. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marin ...

'' Gould, 1861 * '' Clanculus jussieui'' (Payraudeau, 1826) * ''

Clanculus kinzelbachi ''Clanculus kinzelbachi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.F. Nordsieck (1982), Die europäischen Meeres-Gehäuseschnecken (Prosobranchia) vom Eismeer bis Kapverden, Mittelmeer und Schw ...

'' F. Nordsieck, 1982 * ''

Clanculus korkosi ''Clanculus korkosi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 14 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs in the Red Sea The Red ...

'' Singer et al., 2000 * ''

Clanculus kraussii ''Clanculus kraussii'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Gofas, S. (2014). Clanculus kraussii (Philippi, 1846). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinesp ...

'' (Philippi, 1846) * ''

Clanculus largillierti ''Clanculus largillierti'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.WoRMS (2012). ''Clanculus largillierti'' (Philippi, 1849). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http:/ ...

'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1849) * '' Clanculus laurae'' Cecalupo, Buzzurro & Mariani, 2008 * '' Clanculus leucomphalus'' Verco, 1905 * ''

Clanculus limbatus ''Clanculus limbatus'', common name the keeled clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus limbatus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834). Accessed through: World ...

'' ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) * ''

Clanculus margaritarius ''Clanculus margaritarius'', common name the beautiful clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. ''Clanculus margaritarius multipunctatus'' Jansen, 1995: synonym of ''Clanculus mul ...

'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1849) * ''

Clanculus mariaemaris ''Clanculus mariaemaris'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 5 mm. Distribution This species occurs in the Atlantic Ocean off São To ...

'' Rubio & Rolan, 2002 * ''

Clanculus maugeri ''Clanculus maugeri'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus maugeri'' (W. Wood, 1828). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...

'' (Wood, 1828) * ''

Clanculus mauritianus ''Clanculus mauritianus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 9 mm, its diameter 12 mm. A pale brownish-pink-coloured ''Clanculus'' ...

'' Melvill, 1909 * ''

Clanculus maxillatus ''Clanculus maxillatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus maxillatus'' (Menke, 1843). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species The World ...

'' (C.T. Menke, 1843) * ''

Clanculus microdon ''Clanculus microdon'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clanculus microdon'' A. Adams, 1853. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mari ...

'' Monfort 1810 * ''

Clanculus miniatus ''Clanculus miniatus'', common name the keeled top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell varies between 12½ mm and 15 mm, its diameter b ...

'' (H.E. Anton, 1839) * ''

Clanculus minor ''Clanculus minor'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clanculus minor'' (A. Adams, 1863). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinesp ...

'' A. Adams, 1853 * ''

Clanculus mixtus ''Clanculus mixtus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus mixtus'' E. A. Smith, 1903. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mar ...

'' E.A. Smith, 1903 * ''

Clanculus multipunctatus ''Clanculus multipunctatus''common name the beautiful clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clanculus multipunctatus'' Jansen, 1995. Accessed through: World ...

'' Jansen, 1995 * ''

Clanculus natalensis ''Clanculus natalensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusk in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails.WoRMS (2012). ''Clanculus natalensis'' Herbert, 1993. Accessed through: World Register of Ma ...

'' Herbert, 1993 * ''

Clanculus nigricans ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' A. Adams, 1853:

Incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertain ...

* ''

Clanculus ormophorus ''Clanculus ormophorus'' is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine (ocean), marine gastropod mollusc in the family (biology), family Trochidae, the top snails. This name applies to a species which is incertae sedis; the name may be a syno ...

'' A. Adams, 1854 * '' Clanculus persicus'' Habe & Shikama, 1964 * '' Clanculus personatus'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1846) * ''

Clanculus petziae ''Clanculus petziae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compri ...

'' Rubio & Rolan, 2002 * '' Clanculus pharaonius'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

, 1758) * ''

Clanculus philippii ''Clanculus philippii'', common name Philippi's cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus philippii'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843). Accessed through: World R ...

'' (Koch, 1843) * '' Clanculus pini'' Rubio & Rolan, 2002 * ''

Clanculus plebejus ''Clanculus plebejus'', common name the plebeian clanculus, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus plebejus'' (Philippi, 1852). Accessed through: World Regi ...

'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1851) * ''

Clanculus providentiae ''Clanculus providentiae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class ...

'' (Melvill, 1909) * ''

Clanculus pseudocorallinus ''Clanculus pseudocorallinus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This c ...

'' Gofas, 1984 * '' Clanculus puniceus'' (Philippi, 1846) * ''

Clanculus quadricingulatus ''Clanculus quadricingulatus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the depressed conoidal shell attains 6.2 mm, its diameter 6.9 mm. Distribution T ...

'' Ludbrook N.H., 1941 * ''

Clanculus rarus ''Clanculus rarus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. The description by Dufo was miserable and doesn't allow an undisputed definition. Paul Fischer (1835-1893) suggested that it sh ...

'' (Dufo, 1840) (

nomen dubium In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a s ...

) * '' Clanculus richeri'' Vilvens, 2000 * '' Clanculus ringens'' C.T. Menke, 1843 * ''

Clanculus robertsi ''Clanculus robertsi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 12.5 mm, its diameter 13 mm. This form is similar in color-pattern and s ...

'' Pilsbry, 1889 * ''

Clanculus rubicundus ''Clanculus rubicundus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 6 mm, its diameter about the same. The narrowly umbilicated, rubicund sh ...

'' Dunker, 1871 * ''

Clanculus samoensis ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1848) * † ''

Clanculus sancticlementensis ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 * '' Clanculus santamariae'' Gofas, 1984 * ''

Clanculus scabrosus ''Clanculus scabrosus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus scabrosus'' (Philippi, 1850). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http ...

'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1850) * ''

Clanculus scotti ''Clanculus scotti'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 8.5 mm and 14 mm. Distribution This marine species occurs off ...

'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * '' Clanculus simoni'' Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 * ''

Clanculus spadiceus ''Clanculus spadiceus'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell attains 10 mm, its diameter 14 mm. The thick, shining umbilicate shell has ...

''

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1848 * ''

Clanculus stigmatarius ''Clanculus stigmatarius'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Clanculus stigmatarius. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies. ...

'' A. Adams, 1853 * ''

Clanculus thomasi ''Clanculus thomasi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Clanculus thomasi'' (Crosse, 1862). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marine ...

'' (Crosse, 1864) * ''

Clanculus tonnerrei ''Clanculus tonnerrei'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Many specimens of ''Clanculus tonnerrei'' (G & H Nevill 1874) have been misidentified as belonging to ''Euchelus bicinctus,'' ...

'' (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) * † ''

Clanculus umbilicovadus ''Clanculus'' is a genus of sea snail, marine gastropod molluscs of the family Trochidae, the top shells.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (2010). Clanculus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...

'' Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 * ''

Clanculus undatoides ''Clanculus undatoides'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus undatoides'' Tenison-Woods, 1879. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http ...

'' J. E. Tennison-Woods, 1879 * ''

Clanculus undatus ''Clanculus undatus'', common name the wavy Australian monodont, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus undatus'' Lamarck, 1816. Accessed through: World Reg ...

'' (

Lamarck Jean-Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, chevalier de Lamarck (1 August 1744 – 18 December 1829), often known simply as Lamarck (; ), was a French naturalist, biologist, academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biolog ...

, 1816) * '' Clanculus villanus'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1846) * ''

Clanculus waltonae ''Clanculus waltonae'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus waltonae'' Sowerby III, 1892. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http: ...

'' Sowerby, 1892 * ''

Clanculus weedingi ''Clanculus weedingi'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus weedingi'' Cotton, 1938. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.mari ...

'' Cotton, 1938 ;Species brought into synonymy : * ''Clanculus alfredensis'' Bartsch, 1915: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus angeli'' Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of ''Clanculus plebejus'' (Philippi, 1852) * ''Clanculus assabensis'' Caramagna, 1888 : synonym of ''Clanculus tonnerrei'' (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) * ''Clanculus becki'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus bicrenatus'' Gould, 1849: synonym of '' Trochus bicrenatus'' Gould, 1849 * ''Clanculus blainvillii'' Cantraine, 1842: synonym of ''Clanculus jussieui'' (Payraudeau, 1826) * ''Clanculus blandus'' Dunker, 1865 (nomen nudum): synonym of ''

Clanculus stigmatarius ''Clanculus stigmatarius'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2014). Clanculus stigmatarius. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies. ...

'' A. Adams, 1853 * ''Clanculus callicoccus'' (Philippi, 1849): synonym of ''

Trochus callicoccus ''Trochus'' is a genus of medium-sized to large, top-shaped sea snails with an operculum and a pearly inside to their shells, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Trochinae of the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S. (20 ...

'' Philippi, 1849 Philippi (1849), "Systematisches Conchylien-cabinet"
/ref> * ''Clanculus capensis'' (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of

Gibbula capensis ''Gibbula capensis'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The size of the shell varies between 10 mm and 14 mm. The narrowly umbilicated shell has a conoid-depresse ...

(Gmelin, 1791) * ''Clanculus carinatus'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus cariniferus'' (Beck in Reeve, 1842): synonym of '' Trochus cariniferus'' Reeve, 1842 * ''Clanculus clippertonensis'' Hertlein & Emerson 1953: synonym of ''

Homalopoma clippertonense ''Homalopoma clippertonense'' is a species of small sea snail with calcareous opercula, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Colloniidae.WoRMS (2012). ''Homalopoma clippertonense'' (Hertlein & Emerson, 1953). Accessed through: World Registe ...

'' (Hertlein & Emerson, 1953) * ''Clanculus concavus'' ( Gmelin): synonym of ''

Infundibulum concavum ''Infundibulum concavum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails. Description The height of the shell varies between 35 mm and 40 mm, its diameter between 45 mm and 47&nb ...

'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Clanculus conspersus'' A. Adams, 1853 : synonym of ''Clanculus philippi'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843) * ''Clanculus couturii'' Payraudeau, 1826: synonym of ''Clanculus corallinus'' (Gmelin, 1791) * ''Clanculus crassilabrum'' Sowerby III,1905: synonym of ''

Herpetopoma crassilabrum ''Herpetopoma crassilabrum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chilodontidae. Distribution This marine species occurs off Sri Lanka. References Gastropods described in 1905 crassilabrum ''Crassilabru ...

'' (G. B. Sowerby III, 1905) * ''Clanculus danieli'' Crosse, 1862: synonym of '' Eurytrochus danieli'' (Crosse, 1862) * ''Clanculus dominicanus'' Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of ''Clanculus plebejus'' (Philippi, 1852) * ''Clanculus elevatus'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus eucosmia'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus gatliffi'' Tomlin, 1924: synonym of ''Clanculus euchelioides'' Tate, 1893 * ''Clanculus gemmatus'' Gould, 1845: synonym of ''

Euchelus gemmatus ''Herpetopoma gemmatum'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Chilodontidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2020). MolluscaBase. Herpetopoma gemmatum (Gould, 1845). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http ...

'' (Gould, 1845) * ''Clanculus gennesi'' Fischer, 1901 : synonym of ''Clanculus tonnerrei'' (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) * ''Clanculus gibbonsi'' Sowerby : synonym of ''Clanculus tonnerrei'' (G. Nevill & H. Nevill, 1874) * ''Clanculus gibbosus'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus floridus'' (Philippi, 1850) * ''Clanculus granosus'' J. Brazier, 1877 : synonym of ''Clanculus bronni'' Dunker, 1860 * ''Clanculus granoliratus'' Monterosato, 1889 : synonym of ''Clanculus jussieui'' (Payraudeau, 1826) * ''Clanculus hizenensis'' Pilsbry, 1901: synonym of ''Clanculus bronni'' Dunker, 1860 * ''Clanculus howeinsulae'' Salisbury, 1936: synonym of ''Clanculus thomasi'' (Crosse, 1862) * ''Clanculus kochii''

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1844: synonym of '' Trochus kochii'' Philippi, 1844 * ''Clanculus kowiensis'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus kraussi''

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

in Martini & Chemnitz, 1849 : synonym of ''Clanculus atricatena'' Tomlin, 1921 * ''Clanculus laceyi'' G. B. Sowerby, 1889: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus maculosus'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus limbatus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) * ''Clanculus microdon ater'' H. A. Pilsbry, 1911 : synonym of ''Clanculus ater'' Pilsbry, 1901 * ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) sensu Macnae & Kalk, 1969: synonym of ''Clanculus puniceus'' (Philippi, 1846) * ''Clanculus miniatus'' auct.: synonym of ''Clanculus waltonae'' Sowerby III, 1892 * ''Clanculus nodiliratus'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus plebejus'' (Philippi, 1852) * ''Clanculus nodulosus'' A. Adams, 1855: synonym of ''

Trochus ferreirai ''Trochus ferreirai'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class compri ...

'' Bozzetti, 1996 * ''Clanculus ochroleucus'' (

Philippi Philippi (; grc-gre, Φίλιπποι, ''Philippoi'') was a major Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides ( grc-gre, Κρηνῖδες, ''Krenides'' "Fountains") after its establishment by Thasian col ...

, 1853): synonym of ''Clanculus albanyensis'' Jansen, 1995 * ''Clanculus omalomphalus'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus brunneus'' Adams, 1853 * ''Clanculus patagonicus'' d'Orbigny, 1835: synonym of ''

Tegula patagonica ''Tegula patagonica'' is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Tegulidae.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Tegula patagonica'' (d'Orbigny, 1838). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org ...

'' (d'Orbigny, 1835) * ''Clanculus peccatus'' (Finlay, 1927): synonym of ''

Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus ''Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus'' is a species of medium-sized sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Marshall, B. (2014). Clanculus (Paraclanculus) peccatus (Finlay, 1926). Accessed through: World Regi ...

'' (Finlay, 1926) * ''Clanculus philomenae'' Tenison-Woods, 1876: synonym of ''Clanculus philippi'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843) * ''Clanculus plabeius'' Pritchard & Gatliff, 1902: synonym of ''Clanculus plebejus'' (Philippi, 1852) * ''Clanculus puniceus'' (

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

, 1758): synonym of ''Clanculus atricatena'' Tomlin, 1921 * ''Clanculus purpuratus'' Pilsbry, 1889: synonym of ''Clanculus philippi'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843) * ''Clanculus radiatus'' Gmelin, 1791: synonym of '' Trochus radiatus'' Gmelin, 1791 * ''Clanculus raphaeli'' Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of ''Clanculus philippi'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843) * ''Clanculus rotellina'' A. A. Gould, 1849 : synonym of ''

Camitia rotellina ''Camitia rotellina'', common name the wheel top shell, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Bouchet, P. (2012). ''Camitia rotellina'' (Gould, 1849). Accessed through: World Register of Ma ...

'' (Gould, 1849) * ''Clanculus rubens'' ("A. Adams") Angas, 1865: synonym of ''Clanculus dunkeri'' Koch in Philippi, 1843 * ''Clanculus samoensis'' Rousseau in Hombron, J.B. & C.H. Jacquinot, 1877: synonym of ''Clanculus atropurpureus'' (Gould, 1849) * ''Clanculus septenarius'' (Melvill & Standen, 1899): synonym of ''

Pulchrastele septenaria ''Pulchrastele septenarium'' is a species of sea snail in the family Trochidae, the top snails. It is the only described species in the genus ''Pulchrastele''. Description The shell grows to a length of 13 mm. The solid, pyramidally conica ...

'' (Melvill & Standen, 1899) * ''Clanculus trochiformis'' Turton, 1932: synonym of ''Clanculus miniatus'' (Anton, 1838) * ''Clanculus unedo'' ( A. Adams, 1853): synonym of ''Clanculus margaritarius'' (Philippi, 1846) * ''Clanculus variegatus'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus limbatus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1834) * ''Clanculus yatesii'' Crosse, 1863: synonym of ''

Clanculus philippii ''Clanculus philippii'', common name Philippi's cone, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Trochidae, the top snails.Rosenberg, G. (2012). ''Clanculus philippii'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843). Accessed through: World R ...

'' (Koch in Philippi, 1843) * ''Clanculus zebrides'' A. Adams, 1853: synonym of ''Clanculus brunneus'' Adams, 1853

References

NZ Mollusca
* Powell A. W. B., ''New Zealand Mollusca'', William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979
Checklist
* Blainville, H.M.D., 1817. ''Dictionnaire des Sciences Naturelles dans lequel on traite méthodiquement des différens êtres de la nature''. * Pilsbry, H.A., 1889. ''Manual of Conchology vol. XI'' Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia, Philadelphia. 1-519, pls 1-67 * Satyamurti, S.T., 1952. ''Mollusca of Krusadai Is. I. Amphineura and Gastropoda''. Bull. Madras Govt. Mus.; Nat. Hist.n.s., 1(2)(6):1-267. * Ludbrook, N. H., 1956. T''he molluscan fauna of the Pliocene strata underlying the Adelaide Plains. Part 3. Scaphopoda, Polyplacophora, Gastropoda (Haliotidae to Tornidae).'' Trans. R. Soc. SA, 79:1-36 * Cotton, B.C., 1959. ''South Australian Mollusca. Archaeogastropoda'' . South Australian Government Printer, Adelaide. 1-449. * Iredale, T. & McMichael, D.F., 1962 1/Dec/1962 ''A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales''. Mem. Aust. Mus., 11:0-0 * Macpherson, J.H. & Gabriel, C.J., 1962. ''Marine Mollusca of Victoria''. Melbourne Univ. Press, Melbourne. 475. * Ladd, H.S., 1966 1/Dec/1966 ''Chitons and gastropods (Haliotidae through Adeorbidae) from the western Pacific Islands''. United States Geological Survey, Professional Pape, 531:0-0 * Rajagopal, A.S. & Mookherjee, H.P., 1978. ''Contributions to the molluscan fauna of India. Pt. I. Marine molluscs of the Coromandel Coast, Palk Strait and Gulf of Mannar - Gastropoda: Archaeogastropoda''. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 12:1-48 * Herbert G.G. (1993). ''Revision of the Trochinae, tribe Trochini (Gastropoda: Trochidae) of southern Africa''. Annals of the natal Museum 34(2):239-308 * Wilson, B., 1993. ''Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods''. Odyssey Publishing, Kallaroo, WA * Jansen, P., 1995 uly 1995 ''A review of the genus Clanculus Montfort, 1810 (Gastropoda: Trochidae) in Australia, with description of a new subspecies and the introduction of a nomen novum.'' Vita Marina, 43(1-2):39-62. * Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). ''European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification.'' Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213 {{Taxonbar, from=Q2975416 Trochidae Gastropod genera