Cladida is a major subgroup of

crinoid Crinoids are marine invertebrates that make up the class Crinoidea. Crinoids that remain attached to the sea floor by a stalk in their adult form are commonly called sea lilies, while the unstalked forms, called feather stars or comatulids, are ...

s with a complicated taxonomic history. Cladida was originally applied to a wide assortment of extinct crinoids with a dicyclic calyx. Under this original definition, cladids would represent a

paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ...

order ancestral to several other major crinoid groups, particularly the living Articulata. More recently, Cladida has been redefined as a

monophyletic In biological cladistics for the classification of organisms, monophyly is the condition of a taxonomic grouping being a clade – that is, a grouping of organisms which meets these criteria: # the grouping contains its own most recent co ...

parvclass of pentacrinoids which encompasses articulates and the extinct

Flexibilia Flexibilia is a superorder of specialized Paleozoic ( Middle Ordovician to Permian) crinoids. They exhibited a conserved body plan and consistent suite of characteristics throughout their long history. Previously considered a subclass with un ...

(flexibles). Cladids also include various minor taxa such as the hybocrinids and " cyathocrines". As flexibles were not originally considered cladids, the new subgroup Eucladida has been erected for cladids which are more derived than flexibles. Cladida is the

sister group In phylogenetics, a sister group or sister taxon, also called an adelphotaxon, comprises the closest relative(s) of another given unit in an evolutionary tree. Definition The expression is most easily illustrated by a cladogram: Taxon A and ...

Disparida Disparida is an parvclass of extinct marine animals in the class Crinoidea. Disparids are a speciose and morphologically diverse group of crinoids distinguished by their monocyclic calyx and slender arms without pinnules. They range from the Ear ...

, another large group of extinct crinoids.

Taxonomy

* Parvclass Cladida ** Superorder † Porocrinoidea *** Order † Hybocrinida *** Order † Porocrinida ** Superorder †

*** Order † Sagenocrinida *** Order † Taxocrinida ** Magnorder Eucladida *** † Ampelocrinida (''

incertae sedis or is a term used for a taxonomy (biology), taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...

'') *** Superorder † Cyathoformes ("primitive cladids")'''' **** †" Cyathocrinida" **** †" Dendrocrinida" n part**** †'' Poteriocrinites'' *** Articuliformes ("intermediate and advanced cladids") **** †" Poteriocrinida" n partref name=":1" /> **** †" Dendrocrinida" n partref name=":1" /> **** Superorder Articulata ***** Order † Encrinida ***** Order † Holocrinida ***** Order †

Millericrinida Millericrinida is an order of articulate crinoids that originated in the Anisian In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage (stratigraphy), stage or earliest geologic age, age of the Middle Triassic series (stratigraphy), series ...

***** Order † Roveacrinida ***** Order † Uintacrinida ***** Order

Comatulida Comatulida is an order of crinoids Crinoids are marine invertebrates that make up the class Crinoidea. Crinoids that remain attached to the sea floor by a stalk in their adult form are commonly called sea lilies, while the unstalked forms, c ...

***** Order

Cyrtocrinida Cyrtocrinida is an order of sea lilies which contains two suborders and three families. Characteristics Members of this order have stems consisting of a single skeletal unit or a very small number of units. There are no cirri, and the expanded b ...

***** Order

Hyocrinida Hyocrinida is an order of sea lilies which contains a single extant family, Hyocrinidae. Characteristics Members of this order have long slender stems consisting of a large number of identical columnar units. There are no cirri, and the basal d ...

***** Order

Isocrinida Isocrinida is an order of sea lilies which contains four families. Characteristics Members of this order are characterised by having a "heteromorphic" stalk; the stalk consists of a series of nodes with cirri, interspersed by several nodes wit ...

List of genera

* '' Aaglacrinus'' * '' Aatocrinus'' * '' Abrachiocrinus'' * '' Acariaiocrinus'' * '' Achradocrinus'' * '' Acylocrinus'' * '' Adinocrinus'' * '' Aenigmocrinus'' * '' Agassizocrinacea'' * '' Agassizocrinoidea'' * '' Agassizocrinus'' * '' Aithriocrinus'' * '' Alcimocrinus'' * '' Allosycocrinus'' * '' Alsopocrinus'' * '' Ampelocrinida'' * '' Ampheristocrinus'' * '' Amphipsalidocrinus'' * '' Anarchocrinus'' * '' Anartiocrinus'' * '' Ancyrocrinus'' * '' Anemetocrinus'' * '' Antihomocrinus'' * '' Apektocrinidae'' * '' Arachnocrinus'' * '' Araeocrinus'' * '' Armenocrinus'' * '' Ascetocrinus'' * '' Asymmetrocrinus'' * '' Atelestocrinus'' * '' Atractocrinus'' * '' Atrapocrinus'' * '' Atremacrinus'' * '' Aulocrinus'' * '' Aulodesocrinus'' * '' Bactrocrinites'' * '' Basleocrinus'' * '' Bathericrinus'' * '' Belanskicrinus'' * '' Benthocrinus'' * '' Bicidiocrinus'' * '' Bolbocrinus'' * '' Bollandocrinus'' * '' Botryocrinidae'' * '' Brabeocrinus'' * '' Briseocrinus'' * '' Bronaughocrinus'' * '' Brychiocrinus'' * '' Bursacrinus'' * '' Cadocrinus'' * '' Caelocrinus'' * '' Carcinocrinus'' * '' Carlopsocrinus'' * '' Cathetocrinus'' * '' Ceratocrinus'' * '' Cercidocrinus'' * '' Cestocrinus'' * '' Clathrocrinus'' * '' Clistocrinus'' * '' Codiacrinus'' * '' Coenocystis'' * '' Contignatindocrinus'' * '' Corematocrinus'' * '' Corynecrinus'' * '' Corythocrinus'' * '' Cradeocrinus'' * '' Cranocrinus'' * '' Cricocrinus'' * '' Cromyocrinacea'' * '' Cromyocrinus'' * ''

Crotalocrinites ''Crotalocrinites'', also known as the feather star, is a genus of extinct sea lily belonging to the family Crotalocrinitidae. These feather stars were stationary intermediate-level organisms feeding on suspension epifauna. They lived in the Si ...

'' * '' Cryphiocrinus'' * '' Culmicrinus'' * '' Cyathocrinacea'' * '' Cydrocrinus'' * '' Cyliocrinus'' * '' Dasciocrinus'' * '' Denariocrinus'' * '' Dendrocrinina'' * '' Depaocrinus'' * '' Derbiocrinus'' * '' Dichostreblocrinus'' * '' Dictenocrinus'' * '' Dinotocrinus'' * '' Edapocrinus'' * '' Eifelocrinus'' * '' Eirmocrinus'' * '' Elicrinus'' * '' Enallocrinus'' * '' Eopilidiocrinus'' * '' Epipetschoracrinus'' * '' Eratocrinus'' * '' Ethelocrinus'' * ''

Eucladida Cladida is a major subgroup of crinoids with a complicated taxonomic history. Cladida was originally applied to a wide assortment of extinct crinoids with a dicyclic calyx. Under this original definition, cladids would represent a paraphyletic or ...

'' * '' Euerisocrinus'' * '' Eupachycrinus'' * '' Euspirocrinus'' * '' Exaetocrinus'' * '' Exochocrinus'' * '' Exoriocrinus'' * '' Exterocrinus'' * '' Fifeocrinus'' * ''

'' * '' Follicrinus'' * '' Forthocrinus'' * '' Gastrocrinus'' * '' Goniocrinus'' * '' Gothocrinus'' * '' Hallocrinus'' * '' Harmostocrinus'' * '' Harrellicrinus'' * '' Hemiindocrinus'' * '' Hemimollocrinus'' * '' Hemistreptacron'' * '' Holcocrinus'' * '' Hosieocrinus'' * '' Hydreionocrinus'' * '' Hydriocrinus'' * '' Hydroporocrinus'' * '' Hylodecrinus'' * '' Idaeumocrinus'' * '' Idosocrinus'' * '' Imitatocrinus'' * '' Indocrinus'' * '' Intermediacrinus'' * '' Jahnocrinus'' * '' Kalpidocrinus'' * '' Kanabinocrinus'' * '' Kansacrinus'' * '' Kooptoonocrinus'' * '' Kopficrinus'' * '' Kophinocrinus'' * '' Laccocrinus'' * '' Lageniocrinus'' * '' Lanecrinus'' * '' Lasiocrinus'' * '' Laudonocrinus'' * '' Lebetocrinus'' * '' Lecythocrinus'' * '' Lekocrinus'' * '' Linobrachiocrinus'' * '' Linocrinus'' * '' Lobalocrinus'' * '' Lopadiocrinus'' * '' Lophocrinacea'' * '' Lophocrinus'' * '' Malaiocrinus'' * '' Manicrinus'' * '' Mantikosocrinus'' * '' Maragnicrinus'' * '' Marathonocrinus'' * '' Mathericrinus'' * '' Menniscocrinus'' * '' Metaffinocrinus'' * '' Metasycocrinus'' * '' Miatschkovocrinus'' * '' Mictocrinus'' * '' Moapocrinus'' * '' Mollocrinus'' * '' Monobrachiocrinus'' * '' Mooreocrinus'' * '' Moscovicrinus'' * '' Myrtillocrinus'' * '' Nacocrinus'' * '' Nactocrinus'' * '' Nanocrinus'' * '' Nassoviocrinus'' * '' Neocatacrinus'' * '' Neolageniocrinus'' * '' Nereocrinus'' * '' Notiocrinus'' * '' Nuxocrinus'' * '' Oligobrachyocrinus'' * '' Ophiurocrinus'' * '' Oxynocrinus'' * '' Pagecrinus'' * '' Paianocrinus'' * '' Parabotryocrinus'' * '' Paracosmetocrinus'' * '' Paracydonocrinus'' * '' Paradelocrinus'' * '' Paragraphiocrinus'' * '' Parapernerocrinus'' * '' Paraplasocrinus'' * '' Parascytalocrinus'' * '' Parastachyocrinus'' * '' Parastephanocrinus'' * '' Parasycocrinus'' * '' Paratimorocidaris'' * '' Parazeacrinites'' * '' Parindocrinus'' * '' Parisangulocrinus'' * '' Parisocrinus'' * '' Pegocrinus'' * '' Pelecocrinus'' * '' Pellecrinus'' * '' Pentaramicrinus'' * '' Pentececrinus'' * '' Permiocrinus'' * '' Pernerocrinus'' * '' Petalambicrinus'' * '' Petschoracrinus'' * '' Phanocrinus'' * '' Pilidiocrinus'' * '' Pirasocrinus'' * '' Platyfundocrinus'' * '' Polygonocrinus'' * '' Porocrinoidea'' * '' Poteriocrinitina'' * '' Premanicrinus'' * '' Prininocrinus'' * '' Proampelocrinus'' * '' Probletocrinus'' * '' Prochoidiocrinus'' * '' Proctothylacocrinus'' * '' Proindocrinus'' * '' Prolobocrinus'' * '' Psilocrinus'' * '' Pskovicrinus'' * '' Pulaskicrinus'' * '' Pumilindocrinus'' * '' Pyrenocrinus'' * '' Ramulocrinus'' * '' Retusocrinus'' * '' Rhabdocrinus'' * '' Rhadinocrinus'' * '' Rhenocrinus'' * '' Rhopalocrinus'' * '' Rhopocrinus'' * '' Rimosidocrinus'' * '' Roemerocrinus'' * '' Saccosompsis'' * '' Sardinocrinus'' * '' Sarocrinus'' * '' Scammatocrinus'' * '' Schedexocrinus'' * '' Schistocrinus'' * '' Schultzicrinus'' * '' Scoliocrinus'' * '' Scotiacrinus'' * '' Sellardsicrinus'' * '' Separocrinus'' * '' Sigambrocrinus'' * '' Simocrinus'' * '' Sphaerocrinus'' * '' Springericrinus'' * '' Stachyocrinus'' * '' Staphylocrinus'' * '' Stinocrinus'' * '' Streblocrinus'' * '' Streptocrinus'' * '' Sublobalocrinus'' * '' Sycocrinites'' * '' Syndetocrinus'' * '' Tarachiocrinus'' * '' Telikosocrinus'' * '' Tenagocrinus'' * '' Terpnocrinus'' * '' Tetrabrachiocrinus'' * '' Tetrapleurocrinus'' * '' Texacrinacea'' * '' Thalamocrinus'' * '' Thenarocrinus'' * '' Thetidicrinus'' * '' Tholocrinus'' * '' Thyridocrinus'' * '' Timorechinus'' * '' Treocrinus'' * '' Trimerocrinus'' * '' Tyrieocrinus'' * '' Ulrichicrinus'' * '' Ureocrinus'' * '' Vasocrinus'' * '' Wetherbyocrinus'' * '' Woodocrinus'' * '' Worthenocrinus'' * '' Yakovlevicrinus'' * '' Zeacrinitacea'' * '' Zeacrinites'' * '' Zeusocrinus'' * '' Zostocrinus'' * '' Zygotocrinus''

References

External links

Cladida
in the

Paleobiology Database The Paleobiology Database (PBDB) is an online resource for information on the distribution and classification of fossil animals, plants, and microorganisms. History The Paleobiology Database originated in the NCEAS-funded Phanerozoic Marine Pale ...

Early Ordovician first appearances Crinoidea {{paleo-crinoidea-stub