Clach A' Charridh
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The Clach a' Charridh or Shandwick Stone is a Class II
Pictish stone A Pictish stone is a type of monumental stele, generally carved or incised with symbols or designs. A few have ogham inscriptions. Located in Scotland, mostly north of the River Clyde, Clyde-River Forth, Forth line and on the Eastern side of the ...
located near
Shandwick Shandwick (), a village near Tain in Easter Ross, and is in the Scottish council area of Highland, Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the U ...
on the Tarbat peninsula in
Easter Ross Easter Ross () is a loosely defined area in the east of Ross, Highland, Scotland. The name is used in the constituency name Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross, which is the name of both a British House of Commons constituency and a Scotti ...
,
Scotland Scotland is a Countries of the United Kingdom, country that is part of the United Kingdom. It contains nearly one-third of the United Kingdom's land area, consisting of the northern part of the island of Great Britain and more than 790 adjac ...
. It is a
scheduled monument In the United Kingdom, a scheduled monument is a nationally important archaeological site or historic building, given protection against unauthorised change. The various pieces of legislation that legally protect heritage assets from damage, visu ...
. Since 1988 it has been encased in a glass cover room.


Carving

It is a Class II stone, with a
jewelled cross A (Latin language, Latin for jewelled cross) is a form of Christian cross, cross typical of Early Christian art and architecture, Early Christian and Early Medieval art, where the cross, or at least its front side, is principally decorated with ...
studded with 54 raised spiral bosses on the top half of one side and various Pictish symbols on the reverse. On the face beneath the arms of the cross there are four-winged
cherubim A cherub (; : cherubim; ''kərūḇ'', pl. ''kərūḇīm'') is one type of supernatural being in the Abrahamic religions. The numerous depictions of cherubim assign to them many different roles, such as protecting the entrance of the Garden o ...
in frames either side of the cross-shaft. Beneath these are indeterminate beasts above interlaced serpent-like creatures. At the bottom, beneath the cross are two double-discs each composed of two pairs of serpents whose upper bodies form the rim of a disc with their lower bodies interlaced together in the centre of the other disc of the pair. The reverse contains four full-width panels above a 2 x 2 arrangement of panels at the bottom (but the bottom 2 half-width panels are now hidden). The top panel shows a Pictish double-disc with (mostly) triple-spiral decoration. The second panel shows a large
Pictish Beast The Pictish Beast (sometimes Pictish Dragon or Pictish Elephant) is a conventional representation of an animal, distinct to the early medieval culture of the Picts of Scotland. The great majority of surviving examples are on Pictish stones. T ...
with three small animals: two horned sheep and another quadruped with a long tail. The third panel is usually referred to as a hunting scene. It shows a large assortment of men and animals with three of the men mounted on horses hunting a stag; two men on foot fighting each other with swords while holding shields; and a man with a peaked cap firing a bow at a stag. The fourth panel contains 48 triple-spirals in concentric circles around 4 double-spirals at the centre. The outer spirals are very similar to those on the bottom panel on the reverse of the
Hilton of Cadboll stone The Hilton of Cadboll Stone is one of the most magnificent of all Pictish cross-slabs. It was erected on the East coast of the Tarbat Peninsula in Easter Ross, Scotland about AD 800. It seems likely that, at the time, the entire peninsula from ...
, which has been identified as representing the four
rivers of paradise Rivers of Paradise, the four rivers of Paradise, or "the rivers of/flowing from Garden of Eden, Eden" are the four rivers described in Genesis 2 (Bible), Genesis 2:10–14, where an unnamed stream flowing out of the Garden of Eden splits into fo ...
. The bottom 2 x 2 panels contain circular knotwork and interlace.


History and orientation

The earliest published record of the stone is in Rev Charles Cordiner's '' Antiquities and Scenery of the North of Scotland, in a series of Letters to Thomas Pennant'', London, 1780 where the reverse side is illustrated. The next published record is a paper by Charles Petley (1780 - 1830) written c.1811-2, delivered posthumously to the
Society of Antiquaries of Scotland The Society of Antiquaries of Scotland is the senior antiquarian body of Scotland, with its headquarters in the National Museum of Scotland, Chambers Street, Edinburgh. The Society's aim is to promote the cultural heritage of Scotland. The usu ...
in 1831 and published in 1857. This illustrates both faces of the stone, with the cross-face referred to as "west" and the reverse as "east" (see the accompanying plate showing the reverse). In the
Historic Scotland Historic Scotland () was an executive agency of the Scottish Government, executive agency of the Scottish Office and later the Scottish Government from 1991 to 2015, responsible for safeguarding Scotland's built heritage and promoting its und ...
guidebook ''The Picts'', Jill Harden writes:
As public monuments, largely thought to have been erected in the open air, cross-slabs were presumably used during Masses and perhaps as a focus for personal contemplation and prayer.
As in a church, the congregation would face east, towards the cross. The stone fell in a storm in 1846 and was re-erected. Today the cross is on the east side, facing towards the sea and the Pictish symbols are on the west side, facing the land. The Gaelic name (''Clach a’ Charaidh'') means ‘stone of the grave-plots’. A burial ground here was recorded in 1889 as last used during the cholera epidemic of 1832 and ploughed under about 1885.


References

* Scott, Douglas, ''The Stones of the Pictish Peninsulas'', (Hilton Trust, 2004) Pictish stones in Highland (council area) Pictish stones Scheduled monuments in Highland {{UK-archaeology-stub fr:Pierres Pictes de Ross