''Citharichthys'' is a genus of

flatfish A flatfish is a member of the Ray-finned fish, ray-finned demersal fish Order (biology), suborder Pleuronectoidei, also called the Heterosomata. In many species, both eyes lie on one side of the head, one or the other migrating through or around ...

in the large-tooth

flounder Flounders are a group of flatfish species. They are demersal fish, found at the bottom of oceans around the world; some species will also enter estuary, estuaries. Taxonomy The name "flounder" is used for several only distantly related speci ...

family,

Paralichthyidae Large-tooth flounders or sand flounders are a family, Paralichthyidae, of flounders. The family contains 14 genera with a total of about 110 species. They lie on the sea bed on their right side; both eyes are always on the left side of the head, ...

. They have both eyes on the left sides of their heads. They are native to the oceans around the

Americas The Americas, sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America and South America.''Webster's New World College Dictionary'', 2010 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio. When viewed as a sing ...

, with a single species, ''C. stampflii'' off the

West Africa West Africa, also known as Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations geoscheme for Africa#Western Africa, United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Gha ...

n coast. Most are found in relatively shallow depths, but the genus also includes species found in deep water (down to at least ) and species that enter fresh water. Various species known as sanddab, whiff, and flounder are in this genus, and the most common species is the

Pacific sanddab The Pacific sanddab (''Citharichthys sordidus''), also known as the soft flounder, mottle sanddab, or megrim, is a fish species in the order Pleuronectiformes, or flatfish. It is by far the most common sanddab, and it shares its habitat with the ...

, ''Citharichthys sordidus''. They are a dull light-brown, and are mottled with brown or black, sometimes with yellow or orange. The largest species reaches in length.

Species

The currently recognized species in this genus are: * '' Citharichthys abbotti'' C. E. Dawson, 1969 (Veracruz whiff) * '' Citharichthys amblybregmatus'' Gutherz & Blackman, 1970 * '' Citharichthys arctifrons'' Goode, 1880 (Gulf Stream flounder) * '' Citharichthys arenaceus'' Evermann & M. C. Marsh, 1900 (sand whiff) * ''

Citharichthys cornutus ''Citharichthys cornutus'', the horned whiff, is a species of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family Paralichthyidae. This bathydemersal marine fish inhabits the continental shelves of the western Atlantic Ocean, in both tropical and subtrop ...

'' ( Günther, 1880) (horned whiff) * ''

Citharichthys darwini ''Citharichthys'' is a genus of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family, Paralichthyidae. They have both eyes on the left sides of their heads. They are native to the oceans around the Americas, with a single species, ''C. stampflii'' off the ...

'' Victor &

Wellington Wellington is the capital city of New Zealand. It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the third-largest city in New Zealand (second largest in the North Island ...

, 2013 (Darwin's sanddab)Victor, B.C. & Wellington, G.M. (2013)
Citharichthys darwini n. sp., a new endemic flatfish from the Galápagos Archipelago (Teleostei: Pleuronectiformes: Paralichthyidae).
''Journal of the Ocean Science Foundation, 6: 19–32.'' * ''

Citharichthys dinoceros ''Citharichthys'' is a genus of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family, Paralichthyidae. They have both eyes on the left sides of their heads. They are native to the oceans around the Americas, with a single species, ''C. stampflii'' off the ...

'' Goode & T. H. Bean, 1886 (spined whiff) * ''

Citharichthys fragilis ''Citharichthys fragilis'', the Gulf sanddab, is a species of sanddab in the large-tooth flounder family Paralichthyidae. It is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, ranging from the coast of Manhattan Beach, California in the north to the Gulf ...

'' C. H. Gilbert, 1890 (Gulf sanddab) * ''

Citharichthys gilberti ''Citharichthys gilberti'', the bigmouth sanddab, is a species of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family Paralichthyidae. It is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, in tropical waters ranging from the Gulf of California in the north to Peru i ...

'' O. P. Jenkins & Evermann, 1889 (bigmouth sanddab) * '' Citharichthys gnathus'' Hoshino & Amaoka, 1999 * '' Citharichthys gordae'' Beebe & Tee-Van, 1938 (mimic sanddab) * '' Citharichthys gymnorhinus'' Gutherz & Blackman, 1970 (anglefin whiff) * ''

Citharichthys macrops ''Citharichthys'' is a genus of flatfish in the large-tooth flounder family, Paralichthyidae. They have both eyes on the left sides of their heads. They are native to the oceans around the Americas, with a single species, ''C. stampflii'' off the ...

Dresel Dresel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Bernie Dresel Bernard John Dresel Jr. (born November 12, 1961) is an American studio drummer and percussionist. He has been with multi-Grammy award-winning artists and recordings; mo ...

, 1885 (spotted whiff) * '' Citharichthys mariajorisae'' van der Heiden & Mussot-Pérez, 1995 (five-rayed sanddab) * '' Citharichthys minutus'' Cervigón, 1982 * '' Citharichthys platophrys'' C. H. Gilbert, 1891 (small sanddab) * '' Citharichthys sordidus'' ( Girard, 1854) (Pacific sanddab) * '' Citharichthys spilopterus'' Günther, 1862 (bay whiff) * '' Citharichthys stampflii'' (

Steindachner Franz Steindachner (11 November 1834 in Vienna – 10 December 1919 in Vienna) was an Austrian zoologist, ichthyologist, and herpetologist. He published over 200 papers on fishes and over 50 papers on reptiles and amphibians. Steindachner descri ...

, 1894) (smooth flounder) * '' Citharichthys stigmaeus'' D. S. Jordan & C. H. Gilbert, 1882 (speckled sanddab) * '' Citharichthys surinamensis'' (

Bloch Bloch is a surname of German origin. Notable people with this surname include: A *Adele Bloch-Bauer (1881–1925), Austrian entrepreneur *Albert Bloch (1882–1961), American painter *Alexandre Bloch (1857–1919), French painter *Alfred Bloch ( ...

& J. G. Schneider, 1801) * '' Citharichthys uhleri'' D. S. Jorda], 1889 (voodoo whiff) * '' Citharichthys valdezi'' Cervigón, 1986 * '' Citharichthys xanthostigma'' C. H. Gilbert, 1890 (longfin sanddab)

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2491501 Extant Miocene first appearances Marine fish genera Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker