Cissus Sumatrana

''Cissus'' is a genus of approximately 350 species of lianas ( woody vines) in the grape family (Vitaceae). They have a cosmopolitan distribution, though the majority are to be found in the tropics.

Decription

Extrafloral nectaries on the stipule have been reported for ''C. microcarpa'', ''C. psudosicyoids'', and ''C. rhombifolia''.

Uses

Medicinal

'' Cissus quadrangularis'' has been evaluated for potential medical uses. As a source of carotenoids, triterpenoids and ascorbic acid, the extracts may have potential for medical effects, including "gastroprotective activity" and benefits in terms of "lipid metabolism and oxidative stress". '' Cissus quinquangularis'' was used by the Maasai people of Kenya to relieve some of the symptoms of malaria.

Ornamental

'' Cissus antarctica'', ''Cissus alata'' and '' Cissus incisa'' are cultivated as garden plants, depending on area of the world. Succulent members of the genus such as '' Cissus quadrangularis'' are also found in the nursery trade but tend to be frost tender and are thus not widely cultivated.

Ecology

''Cissus'' species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including '' Hypercompe eridanus'' and '' Hypercompe icasia''. They are also consumed by chimpanzees.

Taxonomy

The generic name is derived from the Greek word (''kissos''), meaning " ivy". In the 1980s the genus was split according to some details of the flower. The large caudiciform species were moved to the new genus ''Cyphostemma''.

The genus name was established by Carl Linnaeus who used species epithets that are adjectives with feminine grammatical gender in Latin (e.g., ''C. trifoliata'' L.). This matches the pattern that names of trees ending in -''us'' in Latin have feminine gender, although other plant names ending in -''us'' are usually masculine. page 96

Species

''Plants of the World Online'' currently includes:Plants of the World Online: ''Cissus'' L. (retrieved 24 December 2021)
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* '' Cissus acrantha'' Lauterb.
* '' Cissus acreensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus adamii'' Detoit
* '' Cissus adeyana'' Masinde & L.E.Newton
* '' Cissus adnata'' Roxb.
* '' Cissus alata'' Jacq. – grape ivy
* '' Cissus albida'' Cambess.
* '' Cissus albiporcata'' Masinde & L.E.Newton
* '' Cissus amapaensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus ambongensis'' Desc.
* '' Cissus amoena'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus amplexicaulis'' Trias-Blasi & J.Parn.
* '' Cissus anemonifolia'' Zipp. ex Miq.
* '' Cissus angustata'' Ridl.
* '' Cissus anisophylla'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus annamica'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus antandroy'' Desc.
* '' Cissus antarctica'' Vent. – kangaroo treevine
* '' Cissus anulata'' Desc.
* '' Cissus apendiculata'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus aphylla'' Chiov.
* '' Cissus aphyllantha'' Gilg
* '' Cissus araguainensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus aralioides'' (Welw. ex Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus arguta'' Hook.f.
* '' Cissus aristata'' Blume
* '' Cissus aristolochiifolia'' Planch.
* '' Cissus aristolochioides'' Planch.
* '' Cissus arnottiana'' B.V.Shetty & Par.Singh
* '' Cissus assamica'' (M.A.Lawson) Craib
* '' Cissus astrotricha'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus aubertiana'' (Gage) P.Singh & B.V.Shetty
* '' Cissus auricoma'' Desc.
* '' Cissus austroyunnanensis'' Y.H.Li & Y.Zhang
* '' Cissus bachmaensis'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus bahiensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus barbeyana'' De Wild. & T.Durand
* '' Cissus barteri'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus bathyrhakodes'' Werderm.
* '' Cissus bauerlenii'' Planch.
* '' Cissus behrmannii'' Lauterb.
* '' Cissus bequaertii'' Detoit
* '' Cissus bicolor'' Domin
* '' Cissus biformifolia'' Standl.
* '' Cissus blanchetiana'' Planch.
* '' Cissus boivinii'' Planch.
* '' Cissus bosseri'' Desc.
* '' Cissus bracteosa'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus brevipes'' C.V.Morton & Standl.
* '' Cissus cactiformis'' Gilg
* '' Cissus cacuminis'' Standl.
* '' Cissus caesia'' Afzel.
* '' Cissus calcicola'' Craib
* '' Cissus camiriensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus campestris'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus carrissoi'' Exell & Mendonça
* '' Cissus cerasiformis'' (Teijsm. & Binn.) Planch.
* '' Cissus coccinea'' (Baker) Mart. ex Planch.
* '' Cissus cochinchinensis'' Spreng.
* '' Cissus colombiensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus comosa'' Desc.
* '' Cissus compressiflora'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus conchigera'' Ridl.
* '' Cissus convolvulacea'' Planch.
* '' Cissus cornifolia'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus corylifolia'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus coursii'' Desc.
* '' Cissus craibii'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus crusei'' Wild & R.B.Drumm.
* '' Cissus cucumerifolia'' Planch.
* '' Cissus cucurbitina'' Standl.
* '' Cissus cuspidata'' Planch.
* '' Cissus cussonioides'' Schinz
* '' Cissus darik'' Miq.
* '' Cissus dasyantha'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus dealbata'' Bedd.
* '' Cissus decaryi'' Wahlert & Phillipson
* '' Cissus decidua'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus descoingsii'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus dewevrei'' De Wild. & T.Durand
* '' Cissus dichotoma'' Blume
* '' Cissus diffusiflora'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus dinklagei'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus discolor'' Blume
* '' Cissus diversilobata'' C.A.Sm.
* '' Cissus doeringii'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus duarteana'' Cambess.
* '' Cissus duboisii'' Dewit
* '' Cissus egestosa'' Werderm.
* '' Cissus ellenbeckii'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus elongata'' Roxb.
* '' Cissus erecta'' S.H.Cho & Y.D.Kim
* '' Cissus erosa'' Rich. – ''caro de tres hojas''
* '' Cissus evrardii'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus fanshawei'' Wild & R.B.Drumm.
* '' Cissus farinosa'' Planch.
* '' Cissus faucicola'' Wild & R.B.Drumm.
* '' Cissus flavifolia'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus floribunda'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus forsteniana'' (Miq.) Planch.
* '' Cissus fragilis'' E.Mey. ex Harv.
* '' Cissus fuliginea'' Kunth
* '' Cissus furcifera'' Chiov.
* '' Cissus fusifolia'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus gambiana'' Desc.
* '' Cissus gardneri'' Thwaites
* '' Cissus glandulosa'' (Forssk. ex J.F.Gmel.) J.F.Gmel.
* '' Cissus glaucophylla'' Hook.f.
* '' Cissus glaucotricha'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus glossopetala'' (Baker) Suess.
* '' Cissus glyptocarpa'' Thwaites
* '' Cissus gongylodes'' (Baker) Burch. ex Baker – marble treevine
* '' Cissus gossweileri'' Exell & Mendonça
* '' Cissus gossypiifolia'' Standl.
* '' Cissus goudotii'' Planch.
* '' Cissus grisea'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus guerkeana'' (Büttner) T.Durand & Schinz
* '' Cissus haematantha'' Miq.
* '' Cissus hamaderohensis'' Radcl.-Sm.
* '' Cissus hastata'' Miq.
* '' Cissus heteroma'' Turcz.
* '' Cissus heterophylla'' Poir.
* '' Cissus heterotoma'' Turcz.
* '' Cissus hexangularis'' Thorel ex Planch.
* '' Cissus heyneana'' Steud.
* '' Cissus hookeri'' Ridl.
* '' Cissus humbertiana'' Desc.
* '' Cissus humbertii'' Robyns & Lawalrée
* '' Cissus hypoglauca'' A.Gray
* '' Cissus integrifolia'' Planch.
* '' Cissus intermedia'' A.Rich.
* '' Cissus inundata'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus kerrii'' Craib
* '' Cissus koordersii'' (Backer) Amshoff
* '' Cissus kouandeensis'' A.Chev.
* '' Cissus kouilouensis'' Desc.
* '' Cissus lamprophylla'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus lanea'' Desc.
* '' Cissus latifolia'' Lam.
* '' Cissus lebrunii'' Dewit
* '' Cissus leemansii'' Dewit
* '' Cissus lemurica'' Desc.
* '' Cissus lenticellata'' (Baker) Suess.
* '' Cissus leonardii'' Dewit
* '' Cissus leucophlea'' (Scott Elliot) Suess.
* '' Cissus lineata'' Warb.
* '' Cissus lonchiphylla'' Thwaites
* '' Cissus longicymosa'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus louisii'' Detoit
* '' Cissus luzoniensis'' (Merr.) C.L.Li
* '' Cissus macrobotrys'' Turcz.
* '' Cissus macrophylla'' Jungh.
* '' Cissus madecassa'' Desc.
* '' Cissus marcanii'' Craib
* '' Cissus mauritiana'' Desc.
* '' Cissus mexicana'' Moc. & Sessé ex DC.
* '' Cissus microcarpa'' Vahl
* '' Cissus microdonta'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus miegei'' Tchoumé
* '' Cissus migeodii'' Verdc.
* '' Cissus milnei'' Verdc.
* '' Cissus mirabilis'' (Urb. & Ekman) Lombardi
* '' Cissus morifolia'' Planch.
* '' Cissus narinensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus neei'' Croat
* '' Cissus nicaraguensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus nigropilosa'' Dewit
* '' Cissus nobilis'' Kuhlm.
* ''Cissus nodosa'' Blume
* '' Cissus notabilis'' Doweld
* '' Cissus novemfolia'' (Wall. ex M.A.Lawson) Planch.
* '' Cissus nymphaeifolia'' (Welw. ex Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus obliqua'' Ruiz & Pav.
* '' Cissus oblonga'' (Benth.) Planch.
* '' Cissus oblongifolia'' Merr.
* '' Cissus obovata'' Vahl
* '' Cissus oliveri'' (Engl.) Gilg ex Engl.
* '' Cissus oreophila'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus osaensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus oxyodonta'' (Baker) Desc.
* '' Cissus palmata'' Poir.
* '' Cissus palmatifida'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus paniculata'' (Balf.f.) Planch.
* '' Cissus paraensis'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus parviflora'' Schult. & Schult.f.
* '' Cissus patellicalyx'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus paucinervia'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus paullinifolia'' Vell.
* '' Cissus peltata'' Turcz.
* '' Cissus penninervis'' (F.Muell.) Planch.
* '' Cissus pentaclada'' Jackes
* '' Cissus pentagona'' Roxb.
* '' Cissus perrieri'' Desc.
* '' Cissus peruviana'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus petiolata'' Hook.f.
* '' Cissus phymatocarpa'' Masinde & L.E.Newton
* '' Cissus picardae'' Urb.
* '' Cissus pileata'' Desc.
* '' Cissus pingtungensis'' S.S.Ying
* '' Cissus pinnatifolia'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus planchoniana'' Gilg
* '' Cissus planchonii'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus polita'' Desc.
* '' Cissus polyantha'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus populnea'' Guill. & Perr.
* '' Cissus producta'' Afzel.
* '' Cissus prunifera'' Desc.
* '' Cissus × pseudocaesia'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus pseudofuliginea'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus pseudoguerkeana'' Verdc.
* '' Cissus pseudopolyantha'' Mildbr.
* '' Cissus pseudoverticillata'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus psoralifolia'' (F.Muell.) Planch.
* '' Cissus pteroclada'' Hayata
* '' Cissus pubinervis'' Blume
* '' Cissus pulcherrima'' Vell.
* '' Cissus pynaertii'' De Wild.
* '' Cissus quadrangularis'' L.
* '' Cissus quadricornuta'' (Miq.) Hochr.
* '' Cissus quarrei'' Dewit
* '' Cissus quinquangularis'' Chiov.
* '' Cissus reniformis'' Domin
* '' Cissus repanda'' (Wight & Arn.) Vahl
* '' Cissus repens'' Lam.
* '' Cissus rhamnoidea'' Planch.
* '' Cissus rheifolia'' Planch.
* '' Cissus rhodotricha'' (Baker) Desc.
* '' Cissus robinsonii'' (Ridl.) Craib
* '' Cissus rondoensis'' Verdc.
* '' Cissus rostrata'' (Miq.) Korth. ex Planch.
* '' Cissus rotundifolia'' Vahl
* '' Cissus rubiginosa'' (Welw. ex Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus rubropilosa'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus rufescens'' Guill. & Perr.
* '' Cissus ruginosicarpa'' Desc.
* '' Cissus ruspolii'' Gilg
* '' Cissus sagittifer'' Desc.
* '' Cissus salehi'' Lodé
* '' Cissus saponaria'' (Benth.) Planch.
* '' Cissus schmitzii'' Dewit
* '' Cissus sciaphila'' Gilg
* '' Cissus senegalensis'' Lavie
* '' Cissus serroniana'' (Glaz.) Lombardi
* '' Cissus serrulatifolia'' L.O.Williams
* '' Cissus silvestris'' Tchoumé
* '' Cissus smithiana'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus spinosa'' Cambess.
* '' Cissus sterculiifolia'' (F.Muell. ex Benth.) Planch.
* '' Cissus stipulata'' Vell.
* '' Cissus subaphylla'' (Balf.f.) Planch.
* '' Cissus suberecta'' Bedd.
* '' Cissus subhastata'' Gagnep.
* '' Cissus subramanyamii'' B.V.Shetty & Par.Singh
* '' Cissus subrhomboidea'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus sue'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus sulcicaulis'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus sulfurosa'' Desc.
* '' Cissus sumatrana'' Latiff
* '' Cissus surinamensis'' Desc.
* '' Cissus sylvicola'' Masinde & L.E.Newton
* '' Cissus terengganuensis'' Latiff
* '' Cissus teysmannii'' Miq.
* '' Cissus tiliacea'' Kunth
* '' Cissus tiliiformis'' Desc.
* '' Cissus tinctoria'' Mart.
* '' Cissus touraensis'' A.Chev.
* '' Cissus trianae'' Planch.
* '' Cissus trifoliata'' (L.) L.
* '' Cissus trigona'' Willd.
* '' Cissus triloba'' (Lour.) Merr.
* '' Cissus triternata'' Miq.
* '' Cissus trothae'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus ursina'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus uvifer'' Afzel.
* '' Cissus venezuelensis'' Steyerm.
* '' Cissus verticillata'' (L.) Nicolson & C.E.Jarvis – Seasonvine
* '' Cissus vinosa'' Jackes
* '' Cissus viridescens'' Ridl.
* '' Cissus vitiginea'' L.
* '' Cissus voanonala'' (Baker) Suess.
* '' Cissus wallacei'' Verdc.
* '' Cissus wellmanii'' Gilg & M.Brandt
* '' Cissus welwitschii'' (Baker) Planch.
* '' Cissus wenshanensis'' C.L.Li
* '' Cissus woodrowii'' (Stapf ex Cooke) Santapau
* '' Cissus wrightiana'' Planch.
* '' Cissus xerophila'' Lombardi
* '' Cissus youngii'' Exell & Mendonça
* '' Cissus zombitsy'' Desc.

Formerly placed here

*'' Ampelopsis glandulosa var. brevipedunculata'' (Maxim.) Momiy (as ''C. brevipedunculata'' Maxim.)
*'' Ampelopsis orientalis'' (Lam.) Planch. (as ''C. orientalis'' Lam.)
*'' Ampelopsis vitifolia'' Planch. (as ''C. vitifolia'' Boiss.)
*'' Cayratia geniculata'' (Blume) Gagnep. (as ''C. geniculata'' Blume)
*'' Cayratia trifolia'' (L.) Domin (as ''C. trifolia'' (L.) K.Schum.)
*'' Clematicissus opaca''
*'' Cyphostemma bainesii'' (Hook.f.) Desc. (as ''C. bainesii'' (Hook.f.) Gilg & M.Brandt)
*'' Cyphostemma cirrhosum'' (Thunb.) Desc. (as ''C. cirrhosa'' (Thunb.) Willd.)
*'' Cyphostemma currorii'' (Hook.f.) Desc. (as ''C. currorii'' Hook.f. or ''C. crameriana'' Schinz)
*''Cyphostemma juttae'' (Dinter & Gilg) Desc. (as ''C. juttae'' Dinter & Gilg)
*'' Rhoicissus tomentosa'' (Lam.) Wild & R.B.Drumm. (as ''C. capensis'' Willd. or ''C. tomentosa'' Lam.)
*'' Strychnos umbellata'' (Lour.) Merr. (as ''C. umbellata'' Lour.)
*'' Tetrastigma leucostaphylum'' (Dennst.) Alston ex Mabb. (as ''C. lanceolaria'' Roxb. or ''C. leucostaphyla'' Dennst.)
*'' Tetrastigma serrulatum'' (Roxb.) Planch. (as ''C. serrulata'' Roxb.)

Image gallery

File:Cissus woodrowii (Woodrow's Grape Tree) in Keesaraguda, AP W IMG 9153.jpg, '' Cissus woodrowii'' in Keesara, Rangareddy district, Andhra Pradesh, India
File:Cissus woodrowii (Woodrow's Grape Tree) in Keesaraguda, AP W IMG 9152.jpg, ''Cissus woodrowii'' in Keesara, India
File:Cissus woodrowii (Woodrow's Grape Tree) in Keesaraguda, AP W IMG 9150.jpg, ''Cissus woodrowii'' in Keesara
File:Cissus repanda W IMG_1873.jpg, '' Cissus repanda'' in Keesara
Image:Cissus hypoglauca Durras.jpg, '' Cissus hypoglauca'' growing over a creek at Murramarang National Park, Australia

References

External links

''Cissus striata'' pictures at ''Chilebosque''Description of the genus

{{Authority control

Vines
Medicinal plants
Vitaceae genera
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus