''Ciridops'' is an extinct genus of

Hawaiian honeycreeper Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of small birds endemic to Hawaii. They are members of the finch family Fringillidae, closely related to the rosefinches (''Carpodacus''), but many species have evolved features unlike those present in any othe ...

species that occurred in prehistoric and historic times on the Hawaiian islands of

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; ) is an island U.S. state, state of the United States, in the Pacific Ocean about southwest of the U.S. mainland. One of the two Non-contiguous United States, non-contiguous U.S. states (along with Alaska), it is the only sta ...

Molokai Molokai or Molokai ( or ; Molokaʻi dialect: Morotaʻi ) is the fifth most populated of the eight major islands that make up the Hawaiian Islands archipelago in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It is 38 by 10 miles (61 by 16 km) at its g ...

Kauai Kauai (), anglicized as Kauai ( or ), is one of the main Hawaiian Islands. It has an area of 562.3 square miles (1,456.4 km2), making it the fourth-largest of the islands and the 21st-largest island in the United States. Kauai lies 73 m ...

and

Oahu Oahu (, , sometimes written Oahu) is the third-largest and most populated island of the Hawaiian Islands and of the U.S. state of Hawaii. The state capital, Honolulu, is on Oahu's southeast coast. The island of Oahu and the uninhabited Northwe ...

. This genus was created in 1892 by

Alfred Newton Alfred Newton Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS HFRSE (11 June 18297 June 1907) was an England, English zoologist and ornithologist. Newton was Professor of Comparative Anatomy at Cambridge University from 1866 to 1907. Among his numerous public ...

in an article published by the journal ''

Nature Nature is an inherent character or constitution, particularly of the Ecosphere (planetary), ecosphere or the universe as a whole. In this general sense nature refers to the Scientific law, laws, elements and phenomenon, phenomena of the physic ...

'' on the basis of the

ʻula-ʻai-hawane The ula-ai-hāwane (''Ciridops anna'') is an extinct species of small Hawaiian honeycreeper. The term ''ula-ai-hāwane'' is a Hawaiian language, Hawaiian phrase translating to "red irdthat eats ''hāwane''". It was only ever reported from the ...

, which was named ''Fringilla anna'' by Sanford B. Dole in 1879. The bill of these birds was strong. The culmen was arched, and the maxilla overlapped the mandible at the base. The nostrils were covered by a membrane. The wings were large and the tail was moderate with pointed rectrices. The nearest relatives might have been from the genus '' Loxops''. The

, which was last seen in 1892, is the only species that survived into historic times, three others ''Ciridops'' cf. ''anna'' from

, ''Ciridops'' sp. from

, and the stout-legged finch (''Ciridops tenax'') from

are only known from subfossil remains found in late quaternary deposits.

Species

ʻUla-ʻai-hawane The ula-ai-hāwane (''Ciridops anna'') is an extinct species of small Hawaiian honeycreeper. The term ''ula-ai-hāwane'' is a Hawaiian language, Hawaiian phrase translating to "red irdthat eats ''hāwane''". It was only ever reported from the ...

(''Ciridops anna'') ( Dole, 1879) * Stout-legged finch (''Ciridops tenax'') Olson &

James James may refer to: People * James (given name) * James (surname) * James (musician), aka Faruq Mahfuz Anam James, (born 1964), Bollywood musician * James, brother of Jesus * King James (disambiguation), various kings named James * Prince Ja ...

, 1991 *''Ciridops'' cf. ''anna'' (on

) Olson &

, 1991 *''Ciridops'' sp. (on

) Olson &

, 1991

Species

References

Further reading