''Ciridops'' is an extinct genus of

Hawaiian honeycreeper Hawaiian honeycreepers are a group of small, passerine birds endemic to Hawaii. They are closely related to the rosefinches in the genus ''Carpodacus'', but many species have evolved features unlike those present in any other finch. Their great ...

species that occurred in prehistoric and historic times on the Hawaiian islands of

Hawaii Hawaii ( ; haw, Hawaii or ) is a state in the Western United States, located in the Pacific Ocean about from the U.S. mainland. It is the only U.S. state outside North America, the only state that is an archipelago, and the only ...

Molokai Molokai , or Molokai (), is the fifth most populated of the eight major islands that make up the Hawaiian Islands archipelago in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. It is 38 by 10 miles (61 by 16 km) at its greatest length and width with a us ...

, Kauai and

Oahu Oahu () ( Hawaiian: ''Oʻahu'' ()), also known as "The Gathering Place", is the third-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. It is home to roughly one million people—over two-thirds of the population of the U.S. state of Hawaii. The island of O� ...

. This genus was created in 1892 by

Alfred Newton Alfred Newton FRS HFRSE (11 June 18297 June 1907) was an English zoologist and ornithologist. Newton was Professor of Comparative Anatomy at Cambridge University from 1866 to 1907. Among his numerous publications were a four-volume ''Dictiona ...

in an article published by the journal ''

Nature Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. Although humans ar ...

'' on the basis of the ʻula-ʻai-hawane, which was named ''Fringilla anna'' by

Sanford B. Dole Sanford Ballard Dole (April 23, 1844 – June 9, 1926) was a lawyer and jurist from the Hawaiian Islands. He lived through the periods when Hawaii was a kingdom, protectorate, republic, and territory. A descendant of the American missionary c ...

in 1879. The bill of these birds was strong. The culmen was arched, and the maxilla overlapped the mandible at the base. The nostrils were covered by a membrane. The wings were large and the tail was moderate with pointed rectrices. The nearest relatives might have been from the genus ''

Loxops ''Loxops'' is a Hawaiian honeycreeper genus in the finch family, Fringillidae. Most of them are commonly known as akepa. Taxonomy There are 5 species in this genus, two of which are recently extinct or possibly extinct: * Akekee or Kauai akepa ...

''. The ʻula-ʻai-hawane, which was last seen in 1892, is the only species that survived into historic times, three others ''Ciridops'' cf. ''anna'' from

, ''Ciridops'' sp. from

, and the stout-legged finch (''Ciridops tenax'') from Kauai are only known from subfossil remains found in late quaternary deposits.

Species

* ʻUla-ʻai-hawane (''Ciridops anna'') (

Dole Dole may refer to: Places * Dole, Ceredigion, Wales * Dole, Idrija, Slovenia * Dole, Jura, France ** Arrondissement of Dole * Dole (Kladanj), a village at the entity line of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina-Republika Srpska * Dole, Ljubuški, ...

, 1879) * Stout-legged finch (''Ciridops tenax'')

Olson Olson may refer to: * Olson (surname), people with the name ''Olson'' * Sigurd Olson Environmental Institute * Olson (constructor), a former racing car constructor * Olson database, also known as ''zoneinfo database'' * "Olson", a song by Boar ...

James James is a common English language surname and given name: *James (name), the typically masculine first name James * James (surname), various people with the last name James James or James City may also refer to: People * King James (disambiguat ...

, 1991 *''Ciridops'' cf. ''anna'' (on

)

, 1991 *''Ciridops'' sp. (on

)

, 1991

Species

References

Further reading