The Cirata Dam is an
embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a semi-pervious waterproof natural covering for its surface ...
on the
Citarum River
The Citarum River (more correctly called the Tarum River, as the prefix "Ci" simply means "river") () is the longest and largest river in West Java, Indonesia. It is the third longest river in Java, after Bengawan Solo and Brantas. It plays an i ...
in
West Java
West Java (, ) is an Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province on the western part of the island of Java, with its provincial capital in Bandung. West Java is bordered by the province of Banten and the country's capital region of Jakarta to t ...
, Indonesia. It is located southeast of
Jakarta
Jakarta (; , Betawi language, Betawi: ''Jakartè''), officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (; ''DKI Jakarta'') and formerly known as Batavia, Dutch East Indies, Batavia until 1949, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia and ...
. It was constructed between 1984 and 1988 for the primary purpose of
hydroelectric
Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is Electricity generation, electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies 15% of the world's electricity, almost 4,210 TWh in 2023, which is more than all other Renewable energ ...
&
photovoltaic
Photovoltaics (PV) is the conversion of light into electricity using semiconducting materials that exhibit the photovoltaic effect, a phenomenon studied in physics, photochemistry, and electrochemistry. The photovoltaic effect is commercially ...
power generation. Other purposes include flood control,
aquaculture
Aquaculture (less commonly spelled aquiculture), also known as aquafarming, is the controlled cultivation ("farming") of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, mollusks, algae and other organisms of value such as aquatic plants (e.g. Nelu ...
, water supply and irrigation. The tall
concrete-face rock-fill dam is situated just before a sharp bend in the river and withholds a reservoir with a gross storage capacity of . The reservoir has a surface area of which caused the relocation of 6,335 families. The construction of the dam resulted in involuntary resettlement of 56,000 people.
Hydroelectricity
The hydroelectric power station is located on the north side of the river bend and contains eight 126
MW Francis turbine
The Francis turbine is a type of water turbine. It is an inward-flow reaction turbine that combines radial and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most common water turbine in use today, and can achieve over 95% efficiency.
The pro ...
-generators. It has a total installed capacity of 1,008 MW and an annual generation of 1,426 GWh. The power station was completed in two phases, the second was completed in 1998. It serves mostly as a
peaking power plant
Peaking power plants, also known as peaker plants, and occasionally just "peakers", are power plants that generally run only when there is a high demand, known as peak demand, for electricity. Because they supply power only occasionally, the powe ...
and is the largest hydroelectric power station in Indonesia.
Floating solar panels
On 9 November 2023, the
floating solar panels that were built above the dam became operational. It has the capacity of 192 MW, making it the largest floating solar power plant in
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Mainland Au ...
.
The solar power plant alone is giving a contribution to the
Net zero emissions of 245 Gigawatt-hours (GWh) of clean & renewable energy and reducing carbon emissions by 210,000 tons of CO2 annually.
See also
*
List of power stations in Indonesia
*
List of conventional hydroelectric power stations
This article lists hydroelectricity, hydroelectric power stations that generate power using the Hydroelectricity#Generating methods, conventional dammed method. This list includes power stations that are larger than in maximum net capacity, and a ...
*
List of floating solar panels power plant
References
{{Citarum River dams
Purwakarta Regency
Dams in Indonesia
Hydroelectric power stations in Indonesia
Concrete-face rock-fill dams
Dams completed in 1988
Infrastructure in Indonesia
Lakes of Java
Landforms of West Java
Reservoirs in Indonesia
Citarum basin