Jiang (
formerly romanized chiang and usually translated
general
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry.
In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ...
) is a
general officer
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry.
In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ...
rank used by
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. With population of China, a population exceeding 1.4 billion, it is the list of countries by population (United Nations), second-most populous country after ...
and
Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia. The main geography of Taiwan, island of Taiwan, also known as ''Formosa'', lies between the East China Sea, East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocea ...
. It is also used as jang in
North
North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating Direction (geometry), direction or geography.
Etymology
T ...
and
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the southern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and borders North Korea along the Korean Demilitarized Zone, with the Yellow Sea to the west and t ...
, shō in
Japan
Japan is an island country in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean off the northeast coast of the Asia, Asian mainland, it is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan and extends from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea ...
, and tướng in
Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (SRV), is a country at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of about and a population of over 100 million, making it the world's List of countries and depende ...
.
Chinese
People's Liberation Army
The same rank names are used for all services, prefixed by ''haijun'' () or ''kongjun'' ().
Under the rank system in place in the PLA in the era 1955–1965, there existed the rank of (). This rank was awarded to 10 of the veteran leaders of the PLA in 1955 and never conferred again. It was considered equivalent to the Soviet rank of
army general
Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime.
In countries that adopt the general officer fou ...
. The decision to name the equivalent rank () when it was briefly re-established in 1988-1994 was likely due to a desire to keep the rank of an honorary one awarded after a war, much as
General of the Armies
General of the Armies of the United States, more commonly referred to as General of the Armies, is the highest military rank in the United States. The rank has been conferred three times: to John J. Pershing in 1919, as a personal accolade fo ...
in the
United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the primary Land warfare, land service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is designated as the Army of the United States in the United States Constitution.Article II, section 2, clause 1 of th ...
. It was offered to Deng Xiaoping who declined the new rank. Thus it was never conferred and scrapped in 1994.
Republic of China Armed Forces
Japanese variant
The same rank names are used for all services, prefixed by (), () or (). The rank insignia of the () was enacted on December 1, 1962, and before that, it was the same three-star as other (). The English notation of the in the English version of the Defense White Paper is as follows.
* () GEN, ADM or Gen serving as Chief of Staff Joint Staff Office.
* () General serving as JGSDF Chief of Staff.
* () General.
* () Admiral serving as JMSDF Chief of Staff.
* () Vice Admiral.
* () General serving as JASDF Chief of Staff.
* () General.
Korean variant
North Korea
South Korea
Vietnamese variant
South Vietnamese variant
See also
Ranks used in
Chinese character
Chinese characters are logographs used to write the Chinese languages and others from regions historically influenced by Chinese culture. Of the four independently invented writing systems accepted by scholars, they represent the only on ...
-using countries
*
General officer
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry.
In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colone ...
: Jiang_(rank)
*
Senior officer
A senior officer is an officer of a more senior grade in military or other uniformed services. In military organisations, the term may refer to any officer above junior officer rank, but usually specifically refers to the middle-ranking group of ...
:
Sa_(rank),
Xiao (rank)
is a senior officer rank used in the militaries of China and Taiwan.
The Chinese use the same rank names for all services, prefixed by () or ().
Usage
See also
Ranks used in Chinese character-using countries
*General officer: Jiang (rank ...
,
Lyeong
*
Junior officer
Junior officer, company officer or company grade officer refers to the lowest operational commissioned officer category of ranks in a military or paramilitary organization, ranking above non-commissioned officers and below senior officers.
D ...
:
Wei_(rank)
is a company-grade officer rank used in some East Asian militaries, including China, Taiwan, North Korea and South Korea.
Chinese variant People's Liberation Army
The same rank names are used for all services, prefixed by () or ().
...
*
Non-commissioned officers
A non-commissioned officer (NCO) is an enlisted rank, enlisted leader, petty officer, or in some cases warrant officer, who does not hold a Commission (document), commission. Non-commissioned officers usually earn their position of authority b ...
:
Shi_(rank)
(; ) is the rank usually held by Non-commissioned officers in some East Asian militaries. The ranks are used in both the People's Republic of China and Taiwan, and both North Korea, North and South Korea. The rank name is based on the on one of t ...
*
Enlisted ranks
An enlisted rank (also known as an enlisted grade or enlisted rate) is, in some armed services, any rank below that of a commissioned officer. The term can be inclusive of non-commissioned officers or warrant officers, except in United States ...
:
Bing_(rank),
Shi_(rank)
(; ) is the rank usually held by Non-commissioned officers in some East Asian militaries. The ranks are used in both the People's Republic of China and Taiwan, and both North Korea, North and South Korea. The rank name is based on the on one of t ...
*
Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force
*
Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy
*
Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force
*
Ranks of the People's Armed Police
*
Republic of China Armed Forces rank insignia
A republic, based on the Latin phrase ''res publica'' ('public affair' or 'people's affair'), is a state in which political power rests with the public (people), typically through their representatives—in contrast to a monarchy. Although a ...
References
{{Reflist
Jiang
Military ranks of the People's Republic of China
Military ranks of the Republic of China