Julius Christian Johannes Zeller (24 June 1822, Mühlhausen am Neckar – 31 May 1899,

Cannstatt Bad Cannstatt (), also called Cannstatt (until July 23, 1933) or Kannstadt (until 1900), is one of the outer Stadtbezirke, or city boroughs, of Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Bad Cannstatt is the oldest and most populous of Stuttgart' ...

) was a German

mathematician A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in their work, typically to solve mathematical problems. Mathematicians are concerned with numbers, data, quantity, mathematical structure, structure, space, Mathematica ...

. He was born to Gottlob Zeller and Christiana Friedrike Moser.Germany Birth And Baptism Index 1558-1898 Originally trained in

mathematics Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, Mathematical theory, theories and theorems that are developed and Mathematical proof, proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many ar ...

geography Geography (from Ancient Greek ; combining 'Earth' and 'write', literally 'Earth writing') is the study of the lands, features, inhabitants, and phenomena of Earth. Geography is an all-encompassing discipline that seeks an understanding o ...

and

theology Theology is the study of religious belief from a Religion, religious perspective, with a focus on the nature of divinity. It is taught as an Discipline (academia), academic discipline, typically in universities and seminaries. It occupies itse ...

, in 1874 Zeller became Director of the Seminary in

Markgröningen Markgröningen () is a town in the district (Kreis) of Ludwigsburg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is known for its fine historic buildings, many in the '' Fachwerk'' German architectural style, and its annual Shepherds' Run. Markgröningen is ...

and a girls'

orphanage An orphanage is a residential institution, total institution or group home, devoted to the care of orphans and children who, for various reasons, cannot be cared by their biological families. The parents may be deceased, absent, or abusi ...

. In 1882 he became a member of the

Société Mathématique de France Groupe Lactalis S.A. (doing business as Lactalis) is a French multinational dairy products corporation, owned by the Besnier family and based in Laval, Mayenne, France. The company's former name was Besnier S.A. Lactalis is the largest dairy pr ...

. The following year, on 16 March 1883, he delivered a short account of his

congruence relation In abstract algebra, a congruence relation (or simply congruence) is an equivalence relation on an algebraic structure (such as a group (mathematics), group, ring (mathematics), ring, or vector space) that is compatible with the structure in the ...

(

Zeller's congruence Zeller's congruence is an algorithm devised by Christian Zeller in the 19th century to calculate the day of the week for any Julian or Gregorian calendar date. It can be considered to be based on the conversion between Julian day and the calendar ...

), which was published in the society's journal. He was later awarded the

Order Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to: * A socio-political or established or existing order, e.g. World order, Ancien Regime, Pax Britannica * Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood ...

of Friedrich, First Class, and the Ritterkreuz of Württemberg. He retired in 1898, and died in the following summer.

Works

On calendrical calculations

Each of these four similar papers deals firstly with the day of the week and secondly with the date of

Easter Sunday Easter, also called Pascha (Aramaic: פַּסְחָא , ''paskha''; Greek language, Greek: πάσχα, ''páskha'') or Resurrection Sunday, is a Christian festival and cultural holiday commemorating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, de ...

, for the Julian and

Gregorian Calendar The Gregorian calendar is the calendar used in most parts of the world. It went into effect in October 1582 following the papal bull issued by Pope Gregory XIII, which introduced it as a modification of, and replacement for, the Julian cale ...

s. *
Die Grundaufgaben der Kalenderrechnung auf neue und vereinfachte Weise gelöst
', Zeller, Chr., Württembergische Vierteljahrshefte für Landesgeschichte, Jahrgang V 1882. *

' par M. Ch. Zeller, Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France, vol.11, Séance du 16 mars 1883 *

' von Rektor Chr. Zeller, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Mitteilungen des mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Württemberg, Ser. 1, 1 1885 *

' von Chr. Zeller, Acta Mathematica, Vol. 9 1886-87, Nov 1886 He also produced a reference card

On number theory

''See

number theory Number theory is a branch of pure mathematics devoted primarily to the study of the integers and arithmetic functions. Number theorists study prime numbers as well as the properties of mathematical objects constructed from integers (for example ...

.'' * ''Ein neuer Beweis des Reziprozitäts-Theorems'', Berlin 1872 * ''De numeris Bernoulli eorumque compositione ex numeris integris et reciprocis primis'', Paris 1881 * ''Zu

Euler Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss polymath who was active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician, geographer, and engineer. He founded the studies of graph theory and topology and made influential ...

s Rekursionsformel für die Divisorensummen'', Stockholm 1884

References

External links

Biography
in German)

1822 births 1899 deaths 19th-century German mathematicians People from Stuttgart {{Germany-mathematician-stub